1
|
He D, Fan J, Zhu Z, Yuan Y, Yu Z. Compact Bandwidth-Enhanced 180-Degree Phase Shifter Using Edge-Coupled Multi-Microstrip and Artificial Transmission Line. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:1692. [PMID: 37763855 PMCID: PMC10537668 DOI: 10.3390/mi14091692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Compactness has obtained sufficient importance in wideband phase shifter design considerations, as it is directly related to fabrication cost. In this paper, a novel structure was presented to create compact broadband 180-degree phase shifter, which has the advantages of enhanced bandwidth and significantly reduced chip area. The proposed configuration consists of edge-coupled multi-microstrip lines (ECMML) and an artificial transmission line (ATL) with dual-shorted inductors, both of which have the periodic shunt load of capacitors. The ECMML can provide a high coupling coefficient, leading to an increase in the bandwidth, while the introduced capacitors can greatly reduce the line length (35.8% of the conventional method). To verify the relevant mechanisms, a wideband switched network with compact dimensions of 0.67 × 0.46 mm2 was designed via 0.15-micrometer GaAs pHEMT technology. Combined with the measured switch transistor, it was shown that the proposed phase shifter exhibits an insertion loss of less than 2 dB, a return loss of greater than 12 dB, a maximum phase error of less than 0.6° and a channel amplitude difference of less than 0.1 dB in the range of 10 to 20 GHz.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ding He
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Jingxin Fan
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhu
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
- Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yang Yuan
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Zhongjun Yu
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kumar MS, Maity S, Mandal S, Pal D, Koley C, Bandyopadhyay AK. Bandwidth Enhancement of a V-Band Klystron with Stagger-Tuned Multiple Radial Re-Entrant Cavities. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:7471. [PMID: 37687927 PMCID: PMC10490819 DOI: 10.3390/s23177471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The V-band frequencies are becoming popular due to their application potential towards secure high data rate communications. This article reports bandwidth enhancement of an 11-cavity V-band Klystron amplifier employing staggered tuning. A systematic approach is presented to stagger-tune the periodically allocated multiple cavities of the Klystron operating at 60.1 GHz. Using the three-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation, it is shown that, employing the proposed approach, the -3 dB bandwidth of the device (with peak tuned configuration) has been increased from 165 MHz to 540 MHz, demonstrating a 260% increment. The -1 dB bandwidth of the device is estimated to be 270 MHz. The proposed approach of stagger tuning may be employed for similar devices employing multiple RF cavities to meet the requirement of wide bandwidth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Santosh Kumar
- National Institute of Technology Mizoram, Aizawl 796012, India (S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Santigopal Maity
- National Institute of Technology Mizoram, Aizawl 796012, India (S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Soumaya Mandal
- National Institute of Technology Mizoram, Aizawl 796012, India (S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Debasish Pal
- CSIR-Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute, Pilani 333031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Chaitali Koley
- National Institute of Technology Mizoram, Aizawl 796012, India (S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Ayan Kumar Bandyopadhyay
- CSIR-Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute, Pilani 333031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu FX, Cui J, Meng FY, Jiang TY, Yan SF, Chao S, Zhao L. Textile Bandwidth-Enhanced Polarization-Reconfigurable Half-Mode Substrate-Integrated Cavity Antenna. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:mi14050934. [PMID: 37241558 DOI: 10.3390/mi14050934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A textile bandwidth-enhanced polarization-reconfigurable half-mode substrate-integrated cavity antenna was designed for wearable applications. A slot was cut out from the patch of a basic textile HMSIC antenna to excite two close resonances to form a wide -10 dB impedance band. The simulated axial ratio curve indicates the linear and circular polarization of the antenna radiation at different frequencies. Based on that, two sets of snap buttons were added at the radiation aperture to shift the -10 dB band. Therefore, a larger frequency range can be flexibly covered, and the polarization can be reconfigured at a fixed frequency by switching the state of snap buttons. According to the measured results on a fabricated prototype, the -10 dB impedance band of the proposed antenna can be reconfigured to cover 2.29~2.63 GHz (13.9% fractional bandwidth), and the circular/linear polarization radiation can be observed at 2.42 GHz with buttons OFF/ON. Additionally, simulations and measurements were carried out to validate the design and to study the effects of human body and bending conditions on the antenna performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Xue Liu
- Jiangsu Normal University Kewen College, Xuzhou 221132, China
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
- Jiangsu Xiyi Advanced Materials Research Institute of Industrial Technology, Xuzhou 221400, China
| | - Jie Cui
- School of Transportation Engineering, Jiangsu Vocational Institute of Architectural Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Fan-Yu Meng
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Tian-Yu Jiang
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Shao-Fei Yan
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Shuai Chao
- School of Transportation Engineering, Jiangsu Vocational Institute of Architectural Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kohneh Poushi SS, Goll B, Schneider-Hornstein K, Hofbauer M, Zimmermann H. Area and Bandwidth Enhancement of an n +/p-Well Dot Avalanche Photodiode in 0.35 μm CMOS Technology. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:3403. [PMID: 37050463 PMCID: PMC10098577 DOI: 10.3390/s23073403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a CMOS-integrated dot avalanche photodiode (dot-APD) that features a small central n+/p-well hemispherical cathode/p-well structure circularly surrounded by an anode ring. The dot-APD enables wide hemispherical depletion, charge collection from a large volume, and a small multiplication region. These features result in a large light-sensitive area, high responsivity and bandwidth, and exceptionally low junction capacitance. The active area can be further expanded using a multi-dot structure, which is an array of several cathode/p-well dots with a shared anode. Experimental results show that a 5 × 5 multi-dot APD with an active area of 70 μm × 70 μm achieves a bandwidth of 1.8 GHz, a responsivity of 9.7 A/W, and a capacitance of 27 fF. The structure of the multi-dot APD allows for the design of APDs in various sizes that offer high bandwidth and responsivity as an optical detector for various applications while still maintaining a small capacitance.
Collapse
|
5
|
Kumar S, Buckley JL, Barton J, Pigeon M, Newberry R, Rodencal M, Hajzeraj A, Hannon T, Rogers K, Casey D, O’Sullivan D, O’Flynn B. A Wristwatch-Based Wireless Sensor Platform for IoT Health Monitoring Applications. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:s20061675. [PMID: 32192204 PMCID: PMC7147171 DOI: 10.3390/s20061675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A wristwatch-based wireless sensor platform for IoT wearable health monitoring applications is presented. The paper describes the platform in detail, with a particular focus given to the design of a novel and compact wireless sub-system for 868 MHz wristwatch applications. An example application using the developed platform is discussed for arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) and heart rate measurement using optical photoplethysmography (PPG). A comparison of the wireless performance in the 868 MHz and the 2.45 GHz bands is performed. Another contribution of this work is the development of a highly integrated 868 MHz antenna. The antenna structure is printed on the surface of a wristwatch enclosure using laser direct structuring (LDS) technology. At 868 MHz, a low specific absorption rate (SAR) of less than 0.1% of the maximum permissible limit in the simulation is demonstrated. The measured on-body prototype antenna exhibits a −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 36 MHz, a peak realized gain of −4.86 dBi and a radiation efficiency of 14.53% at 868 MHz. To evaluate the performance of the developed 868 MHz sensor platform, the wireless communication range measurements are performed in an indoor environment and compared with a commercial Bluetooth wristwatch device.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Dyke Parade, T12R5CP Cork, Ireland; (J.L.B.); (J.B.); (M.P.); (A.H.); (K.R.); (D.C.); (D.O.); (B.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-212-346-109
| | - John L. Buckley
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Dyke Parade, T12R5CP Cork, Ireland; (J.L.B.); (J.B.); (M.P.); (A.H.); (K.R.); (D.C.); (D.O.); (B.O.)
| | - John Barton
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Dyke Parade, T12R5CP Cork, Ireland; (J.L.B.); (J.B.); (M.P.); (A.H.); (K.R.); (D.C.); (D.O.); (B.O.)
| | - Melusine Pigeon
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Dyke Parade, T12R5CP Cork, Ireland; (J.L.B.); (J.B.); (M.P.); (A.H.); (K.R.); (D.C.); (D.O.); (B.O.)
| | - Robert Newberry
- Sanmina Corporation, 13000 S. Memorial Parkway, Huntsville, AL 35803, USA; (R.N.); (M.R.); (T.H.)
| | - Matthew Rodencal
- Sanmina Corporation, 13000 S. Memorial Parkway, Huntsville, AL 35803, USA; (R.N.); (M.R.); (T.H.)
| | - Adhurim Hajzeraj
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Dyke Parade, T12R5CP Cork, Ireland; (J.L.B.); (J.B.); (M.P.); (A.H.); (K.R.); (D.C.); (D.O.); (B.O.)
| | - Tim Hannon
- Sanmina Corporation, 13000 S. Memorial Parkway, Huntsville, AL 35803, USA; (R.N.); (M.R.); (T.H.)
| | - Ken Rogers
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Dyke Parade, T12R5CP Cork, Ireland; (J.L.B.); (J.B.); (M.P.); (A.H.); (K.R.); (D.C.); (D.O.); (B.O.)
| | - Declan Casey
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Dyke Parade, T12R5CP Cork, Ireland; (J.L.B.); (J.B.); (M.P.); (A.H.); (K.R.); (D.C.); (D.O.); (B.O.)
| | - Donal O’Sullivan
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Dyke Parade, T12R5CP Cork, Ireland; (J.L.B.); (J.B.); (M.P.); (A.H.); (K.R.); (D.C.); (D.O.); (B.O.)
| | - Brendan O’Flynn
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Dyke Parade, T12R5CP Cork, Ireland; (J.L.B.); (J.B.); (M.P.); (A.H.); (K.R.); (D.C.); (D.O.); (B.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gutta S, Kadimesetty VS, Kalva SK, Pramanik M, Ganapathy S, Yalavarthy PK. Deep neural network-based bandwidth enhancement of photoacoustic data. J Biomed Opt 2017; 22:1-7. [PMID: 29098811 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.11.116001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic (PA) signals collected at the boundary of tissue are always band-limited. A deep neural network was proposed to enhance the bandwidth (BW) of the detected PA signal, thereby improving the quantitative accuracy of the reconstructed PA images. A least square-based deconvolution method that utilizes the Tikhonov regularization framework was used for comparison with the proposed network. The proposed method was evaluated using both numerical and experimental data. The results indicate that the proposed method was capable of enhancing the BW of the detected PA signal, which inturn improves the contrast recovery and quality of reconstructed PA images without adding any significant computational burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sreedevi Gutta
- Indian Institute of Science, Department of Computational and Data Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Sandeep Kumar Kalva
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Singapore
| | - Manojit Pramanik
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Singapore
| | - Sriram Ganapathy
- Indian Institute of Science, Department of Electrical Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Phaneendra K Yalavarthy
- Indian Institute of Science, Department of Computational and Data Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|