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Wu Y, Peng Y, Guan B, He A, Yang K, He S, Gong Y, Li X, Zhou L. P4HB: A novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for bladder carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2020; 21:95. [PMID: 33376528 PMCID: PMC7751343 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase, beta polypeptide (P4HB) protein is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) molecular chaperone protein and has been reported to be overexpressed in multiple tumor types. However, the role of P4HB in bladder cancer (BLCA) has not yet been elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic value of P4HB and the association between clinicopathological characteristics and P4HB in BLCA. P4HB expression levels were assessed through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, and validated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot analysis in BLCA tissues and cells. A total of 69 pairs of tumor and normal samples were used to analyze the expression of P4HB via immunohistochemical staining. A co-expression network and functional enrichment analyses were conducted to investigate the biological function of P4HB in BLCA. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes. The results showed that P4HB was highly expressed in BLCA cells and tissues. The area under the curve value for P4HB expression to discriminate between tumor and normal tissues was up to 0.888 (95% CI: 0.801–0.975; P<0.001) and 0.881 (95% CI: 0.825–0.937; P<0.001) in TCGA database and our database, respectively. Furthermore, the expression level of P4HB was an independent risk factor for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) by univariate and multivariate analyses. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that high P4HB expression was associated with low OS and RFS. Pathway enrichment analysis suggested that P4HB was involved in protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), including N-glycan modification and protein metabolic processes responding to ER stress. PPI analysis revealed that the potential targets of P4HB were mainly involved in posttranslational protein modification and response to ER stress. In conclusion, the expression level of P4HB aid in identifying patients with early-stage BLCA and predicting the prognosis of BLCA. Therefore, P4HB may be a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucai Wu
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,National Urological Cancer Center, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Yiji Peng
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,National Urological Cancer Center, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Bao Guan
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,National Urological Cancer Center, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Anbang He
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,National Urological Cancer Center, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Kunlin Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,National Urological Cancer Center, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Shiming He
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,National Urological Cancer Center, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Yanqing Gong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,National Urological Cancer Center, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Xuesong Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,National Urological Cancer Center, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Liqun Zhou
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,National Urological Cancer Center, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Urogenital Diseases (Male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Peking University, Xicheng, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
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Lyu L, Xiang W, Zheng F, Huang T, Feng Y, Yuan J, Zhang C. Significant Prognostic Value of the Autophagy-Related Gene P4HB in Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1613. [PMID: 32903592 PMCID: PMC7438560 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
While hundreds of consistently altered autophagy-related genes (ARGs) have been identified in cancers, their prognostic value in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC) remains unclear. In the present study, we collected 232 ARGs from the Human Autophagy Database (HADb), and identified 37 differentially expressed ARGs in BUC based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis based on the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database revealed that among the 37 differentially expressed ARGs, prolyl 4-hydroxylase, beta polypeptide (P4HB), and regulator of G protein signaling 19 (RGS19) were significantly negatively correlated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Overexpression of P4HB and RGS19 in BUC was further validated using independent data sets, including those from the Oncomine and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. cBioPortal and UALCAN analyses indicated that altered P4HB and RGS19 mRNA expression was significantly associated with mutations and clinical characteristics (nodal metastasis and cancer stage). Moreover, co-expression network analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) predicted that the potential functions of P4HB and RGS19 are involved in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, cytokine-mediated signaling pathway and inflammatory response. More importantly, multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis demonstrated that P4HB, but not RGS19, is an independent and unfavorable BUC biomarker based on clinical characteristics (age, gender, cancer stage, and pathological TNM stage). Finally, we validated that the mRNA and protein expression levels of P4HB were upregulated in four bladder cancer cell lines (T24, J82, EJ, and SW780) and found that knockdown of P4HB dramatically inhibited the invasion and proliferation of bladder cancer cells. In summary, our study screened ARGs and identified P4HB as a biomarker that can predict the progression and prognosis of BUC and may provide a better understanding of the autophagy regulatory mechanisms involved in BUC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Lyu
- Department of Urology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Urology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuxin Zheng
- Department of Urology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Urology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Pathology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingdong Yuan
- Department of Urology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuanhua Zhang
- Department of Urology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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