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Peng H, Hou Y, Meng W, Zheng H, Zhao L, Zhang Y, Li K, Zhao P, Liu T, Jia S, Wang J. Pseudo-Elasticity and Variable Electro-Conductivity Mediated by Size-Dependent Deformation Twinning in Molybdenum Nanocrystals. Small 2023; 19:e2206380. [PMID: 36828786 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Deformation twinning merits attention because of its intrinsic importance as a mode of energy dissipation in solids. Herein, through the atomistic electron microscopy observations, the size-dependent twinning mechanisms in refractory body-centered cubic molybdenum nanocrystals (NCs) under tensile loading are shown. Two distinct twinning mechanisms involving the nucleation of coherent and inclined twin boundaries (TBs) are uncovered in NCs with smaller (diameter < ≈5 nm) and larger (diameter > ≈5 nm) diameters, respectively. Interestingly, the ultrahigh pseudo-elastic strain of ≈41% in sub-5 nm-sized crystals is achieved through the reversible twinning mechanism. A typical TB cross-transition mechanism is found to accommodate the NC re-orientation during the pseudo-elastic deformation. More importantly, the effects of different types of TBs on the electrical conductivity based on the repeatable experimental measurements and first-principles calculations are quantified. These size-dependent mechanical and electrical properties may prove essential in advancing the design of next-generation flexible nanoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayu Peng
- Country School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yuxuan Hou
- Country School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Weiwei Meng
- Country School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - He Zheng
- Country School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Suzhou Institute of Wuhan University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
- Wuhan University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
| | - Ligong Zhao
- Country School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Country School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Kaixuan Li
- Country School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Peili Zhao
- Country School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Country School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Shuangfeng Jia
- Country School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Country School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Core Facility of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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Wang Y, Liang Z, Zhang X, Lu W, Yu Z, Ma X, Liang H, Yang Y. Understanding the kinetic anisotropy of the soft-sphere bcc crystal-melt interfaces. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 34:264004. [PMID: 35405667 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac6647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
By employing the non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) theory for the solidification kinetics, we predict the kinetic coefficients for the bcc(100), (110), and (111) CMIs of the soft-spheres, which are modeled with the inverse-power repulsive potential, and compare with the previous reported data of the bcc Fe system. We confirm a universal-like behavior of the spatial integrations of the (density wave amplitudes) Ginzburg-Landau order parameter square-gradient for the bcc CMI systems. The TDGL predictions of the kinetic anisotropies for bcc soft-sphere and bcc Fe CMI systems are identical; both agree well with the MD measurement for the soft-sphere system but differ strongly with the MD measurement for the Fe system. This finding implies that the current TDGL theory reflects a preference of presenting the generic anisotropy relationship due to the interfacial particle packings but lacks the contribution parameter which addresses the specificities in the kinetic anisotropies owing to the particle-particle interactions. A hypothesis that the density relaxation times for the interface melt phases to be anisotropic and material-dependent is then proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Zun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenliang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
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Sahoo D, Peterca M, Aqad E, Partridge BE, Heiney PA, Graf R, Spiess HW, Zeng X, Percec V. Tetrahedral Arrangements of Perylene Bisimide Columns via Supramolecular Orientational Memory. ACS Nano 2017; 11:983-991. [PMID: 28038310 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b07599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Chiral, shape, and liquid crystalline memory effects are well-known to produce commercial macroscopic materials with important applications as springs, sensors, displays, and memory devices. A supramolecular orientational memory effect that provides complex nanoscale arrangements was only recently reported. This supramolecular orientational memory was demonstrated to preserve the molecular orientation and packing within supramolecular units of a self-assembling cyclotriveratrylene crown at the nanoscale upon transition between its columnar hexagonal and Pm3̅n cubic periodic arrays. Here we report the discovery of supramolecular orientational memory in a dendronized perylene bisimide (G2-PBI) that self-assembles into tetrameric crowns and subsequently self-organizes into supramolecular columns and spheres. This supramolecular orientation memory upon transition between columnar hexagonal and body-centered cubic (BCC) mesophases preserves the 3-fold cubic [111] orientations rather than the 4-fold [100] axes, generating an unusual tetrahedral arrangement of supramolecular columns. These results indicate that the supramolecular orientational memory concept may be general for periodic arrays of self-assembling dendrons and dendrimers as well as for other periodic and quasiperiodic nanoscale organizations comprising supramolecular spheres, generated from other organized complex soft matter including block copolymers and surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Sahoo
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Mihai Peterca
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, United States
| | - Emad Aqad
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Benjamin E Partridge
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Paul A Heiney
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, United States
| | - Robert Graf
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Hans W Spiess
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Xiangbing Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield , Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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Li R, Zhang J, Tan R, Gerdes F, Luo Z, Xu H, Hollingsworth JA, Klinke C, Chen O, Wang Z. Competing Interactions between Various Entropic Forces toward Assembly of Pt3Ni Octahedra into a Body-Centered Cubic Superlattice. Nano Lett 2016; 16:2792-9. [PMID: 26977777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropic nanocrystal assembled supercrystals with open superlattices (SLs) manifest novel and unique properties, but poor understanding of the nucleation/growth mechanisms limits their design and fabrication for practical applications. Using highly anisotropic Pt3Ni octahedral nanocrystals, we have grown large single supercrystals with an open body-centered cubic (bcc) superlattice that has a low filling factor of 26.8%. Synchrotron-based X-ray structural reconstruction fully revealed the coherence of translational and orientational orderings and determined that the constituent octahedra arrange themselves with the vertex-to-vertex and face-to-face configurations along the SL[100] and SL[111] directions, respectively. The large face-to-face separation and flexible vertex-to-vertex elastic contact provided the rattle space and supporting axis for local rotations of Pt3Ni octahedra within the bcc superlattice. Development of orientational disordering along with robust preservation of translational ordering during the heating process of a supercrystal in the oleic acid wetting environment confirmed the dominance of rotational entropy of hard octahedra in the formation of the open bcc superlattice. Ultimate achievement of dynamic equilibrium between the vertex-oriented elastic repulsions and the face-oriented attractions of surface-coating ligands governs the structural and mechanical stability of the supercrystal. This discovery provides significant insights into the design and control of geometrical shapes for the fabrication of highly anisotropic nanocrystals into desired open superlattices with tailored optical and electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruipeng Li
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum , Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Rui Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Frauke Gerdes
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg , 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Zhiping Luo
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Fayetteville State University , Fayetteville, North Carolina 28301, United States
| | | | | | - Christian Klinke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg , 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ou Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Zhongwu Wang
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
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Goodfellow BW, Yu Y, Bosoy CA, Smilgies DM, Korgel BA. The Role of Ligand Packing Frustration in Body-Centered Cubic (bcc) Superlattices of Colloidal Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:2406-2412. [PMID: 26266710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper addresses the assembly of body centered-cubic (bcc) superlattices of organic ligand-coated nanocrystals. First, examples of bcc superlattices of dodecanethiol-capped Au nanocrystals and oleic acid-capped PbS and PbSe nanocrystals are presented and examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). These superlattices tend to orient on their densest (110) superlattice planes and exhibit a significant amount of {112} twinning. The same nanocrystals deposit as monolayers with hexagonal packing, and these thin films can coexist with thicker bcc superlattice layers, even though there is no hexagonal plane in a bcc lattice. Both the preference of bcc in bulk films over the denser face-centered cubic (fcc) superlattice structure and the transition to hexagonal monolayers can be rationalized in terms of packing frustration of the ligands. A model is presented to calculate the difference in entropy associated with capping ligand packing frustration in bcc and fcc superlattices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian W Goodfellow
- †McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Materials Institute, Center for Nano and Molecular Science and Technology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062, United States
| | - Yixuan Yu
- †McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Materials Institute, Center for Nano and Molecular Science and Technology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062, United States
| | - Christian A Bosoy
- †McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Materials Institute, Center for Nano and Molecular Science and Technology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062, United States
| | - Detlef-M Smilgies
- ‡Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Brian A Korgel
- †McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Materials Institute, Center for Nano and Molecular Science and Technology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062, United States
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