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Dong TS, Mayer EA, Osadchiy V, Chang C, Katzka W, Lagishetty V, Gonzalez K, Kalani A, Stains J, Jacobs JP, Longo VD, Gupta A. A Distinct Brain-Gut-Microbiome Profile Exists for Females with Obesity and Food Addiction. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:1477-1486. [PMID: 32935533 PMCID: PMC7494955 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in brain-gut-microbiome interactions have been implicated as an important factor in obesity. This study aimed to explore the relationship between food addiction (FA) and the brain-gut-microbiome axis, using a multi-omics approach involving microbiome data, metabolomics, and brain imaging. METHODS Brain magnetic resonance imaging was obtained in 105 females. FA was defined by using the Yale Food Addiction Scale. Fecal samples were collected for sequencing and metabolomics. Statistical analysis was done by using multivariate analyses and machine learning algorithms. RESULTS Of the females with obesity, 33.3% exhibited FA as compared with 5.3% and 0.0% of females with overweight and normal BMI, respectively (P = 0.0001). Based on a multilevel sparse partial least square discriminant analysis, there was a difference in the gut microbiome of females with FA versus those without. Differential abundance testing showed Bacteroides, Megamonas, Eubacterium, and Akkermansia were statistically associated with FA (q < 0.05). Metabolomics showed that indolepropionic acid was inversely correlated with FA. FA was also correlated with increased connectivity within the brain's reward network, specifically between the intraparietal sulcus, brain stem, and putamen. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to examine FA along the brain-gut-microbiome axis and it supports the idea of targeting the brain-gut-microbiome axis for the treatment of FA and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien S. Dong
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- UCLA Microbiome Center, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Emeran A. Mayer
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- UCLA Microbiome Center, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Vadim Osadchiy
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Candace Chang
- UCLA Microbiome Center, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - William Katzka
- UCLA Microbiome Center, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Venu Lagishetty
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- UCLA Microbiome Center, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kimberly Gonzalez
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Amir Kalani
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jean Stains
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jonathan P. Jacobs
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- UCLA Microbiome Center, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Valter D. Longo
- USC Longevity Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Arpana Gupta
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- UCLA Microbiome Center, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
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