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Cadena-Mota S, Muñoz-Escalante JC, Martínez-Rodríguez LE, Bernal-Silva S, Tello-Martínez N, de la Torre-Rodríguez I, Hernández-Sánchez PG, Castillo-Martínez F, Escalante-Padrón F, Lima-Rogel V, González-Ortiz AM, Noyola DE. Incidence of congenital and postnatal cytomegalovirus infection during the first year of life in Mexican preterm infants. J Med Virol 2022; 94:3349-3358. [PMID: 35261048 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus infection occurs commonly during infancy. Postnatal infection in term infants is usually asymptomatic; however, infection in preterm infants can be associated with clinical manifestations during the neonatal period. Nevertheless, few studies to assess the frequency of cytomegalovirus infection in preterm infants have been performed outside of high-income countries. We analyzed the incidence of congenital and postnatal cytomegalovirus infection in a cohort of preterm infants. Cytomegalovirus infection was detected during the neonatal period in four of 178 infants; in three of them the virus was detected during the first three weeks of life and, therefore, congenital infection was confirmed (1.7% incidence). Postnatal infection was detected in 44 (36.4%) of 121 infants who were assessed after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit. Cytomegalovirus infection was significantly associated to duration of breast feeding. In addition, we characterized cytomegalovirus strains detected in infants together with sequences available at GenBank, based on sequences of the UL18 gene. Cytomegalovirus UL18-sequences clustered in five distinct clades (A-E), and sequences obtained from infants in our study were distributed in four of the five clades; 44.4% of these sequences were included in clade E. Breastfeeding duration was shorter in average (5.6 months) in infants with sequences in clade E compared to infants with sequences in the other three clades (8.2 months; P=0.07). In conclusion, we provide information regarding the high incidence of cytomegalovirus infection in preterm infants. Further studies are warranted to assess if cytomegalovirus strain characteristics are associated with the risk of infection acquisition during infancy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Cadena-Mota
- Microbiology Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Juan Carlos Muñoz-Escalante
- Microbiology Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Luz E Martínez-Rodríguez
- Microbiology Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Sofía Bernal-Silva
- Microbiology Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Nallely Tello-Martínez
- Microbiology Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | | | - Pedro G Hernández-Sánchez
- Viral and Human Genomics Laboratory, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Fernanda Castillo-Martínez
- Microbiology Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | | | - Victoria Lima-Rogel
- Neonatology Department, Hospital Central "Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto", San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Ana María González-Ortiz
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital del Niño y la Mujer "Dr. Alberto López Hermosa", San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Daniel E Noyola
- Microbiology Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
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