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Shafique M, Qazi SA, Omer H. Compressed SVD-based L + S model to reconstruct undersampled dynamic MRI data using parallel architecture. MAGMA 2023:10.1007/s10334-023-01128-5. [PMID: 37978992 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-023-01128-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a highly demanded medical imaging system due to high resolution, large volumetric coverage, and ability to capture the dynamic and functional information of body organs e.g. cardiac MRI is employed to assess cardiac structure and evaluate blood flow dynamics through the cardiac valves. Long scan time is the main drawback of MRI, which makes it difficult for the patients to remain still during the scanning process. OBJECTIVE By collecting fewer measurements, MRI scan time can be shortened, but this undersampling causes aliasing artifacts in the reconstructed images. Advanced image reconstruction algorithms have been used in literature to overcome these undersampling artifacts. These algorithms are computationally expensive and require a long time for reconstruction which makes them infeasible for real-time clinical applications e.g. cardiac MRI. However, exploiting the inherent parallelism in these algorithms can help to reduce their computation time. METHODS Low-rank plus sparse (L+S) matrix decomposition model is a technique used in literature to reconstruct the highly undersampled dynamic MRI (dMRI) data at the expense of long reconstruction time. In this paper, Compressed Singular Value Decomposition (cSVD) model is used in L+S decomposition model (instead of conventional SVD) to reduce the reconstruction time. The results provide improved quality of the reconstructed images. Furthermore, it has been observed that cSVD and other parts of the L+S model possess highly parallel operations; therefore, a customized GPU based parallel architecture of the modified L+S model has been presented to further reduce the reconstruction time. RESULTS Four cardiac MRI datasets (three different cardiac perfusion acquired from different patients and one cardiac cine data), each with different acceleration factors of 2, 6 and 8 are used for experiments in this paper. Experimental results demonstrate that using the proposed parallel architecture for the reconstruction of cardiac perfusion data provides a speed-up factor up to 19.15× (with memory latency) and 70.55× (without memory latency) in comparison to the conventional CPU reconstruction with no compromise on image quality. CONCLUSION The proposed method is well-suited for real-time clinical applications, offering a substantial reduction in reconstruction time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shafique
- Medical Image Processing Research Group (MIPRG), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, AJ&K, Pakistan.
| | - Sohaib Ayaz Qazi
- Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Hammad Omer
- Medical Image Processing Research Group (MIPRG), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Kőrösi D, Vorobcsuk A, Fajtai D, Tátrai O, Bodor E, Farkas K, Garamvölgyi R. Adaptation of closed-chest infarction porcine model to adult Pannon minipigs. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2023; 123:107469. [PMID: 37598810 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2023.107469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the recent study was to collect data on the genotype characteristics of the Hungarian self-bred Pannon minipigs by adapting a standardized infarct model procedure. Closed chest AMI was induced by balloon occlusion for 90 min in the left anterior descendent coronary artery (LAD) in 24 adult intact female minipigs followed by reperfusion. To assess the left ventricular (LV) function, serial cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) was performed prior to the experimental procedure, on day 3 post-AMI (72 ± 12 h), and at 1 month follow-up (Day 30 ± 2 days). Compared to baseline cMRI scans the end-diastolic volume (EDV) was increased on days 3 and 30 On day 3 the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) decreased significantly but there was no statistical difference between the baseline and day 30 measurements. Cardiac output, stroke volume, and end-systolic volume significantly were increased compared to baseline on day 30 A high percentage (54%) of malignant arrhythmias occurred during the AMI procedure, with a 25% mortality rate. The compensatory capacity of the Pannon minipig heart is excellent therefore the use of different cardiac parameters and invasive measurements is advisable in chronic pharmacological experiments to complement cMRI data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dénes Kőrösi
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Doctoral School in Animal Science, Kaposvár Campus, 40. Guba S. Kaposvár, Kaposvár H-7400, Hungary.
| | - András Vorobcsuk
- Kaposi Moritz Teaching Hospital, Department of Cardiology, 20-32. Tallián Gy. Kaposvár, Kaposvár H-7400, Hungary; Medical School, University of Pécs, Pf. 99, H-7601 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dániel Fajtai
- Medicopus Nonprofit Ltd., 40. Guba S. Kaposvár, Kaposvár H-7400, Hungary
| | - Ottó Tátrai
- Kaposi Moritz Teaching Hospital, Department of Cardiology, 20-32. Tallián Gy. Kaposvár, Kaposvár H-7400, Hungary
| | - Emőke Bodor
- Kaposi Moritz Teaching Hospital, Department of Cardiology, 20-32. Tallián Gy. Kaposvár, Kaposvár H-7400, Hungary
| | - Kornélia Farkas
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, University of Pécs, 1. Honvéd Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Rita Garamvölgyi
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Doctoral School in Animal Science, Kaposvár Campus, 40. Guba S. Kaposvár, Kaposvár H-7400, Hungary
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Wu L, Wang W, Leng Q, Tang N, Zhou N, Wang Y, Wang DW. Focus on Autoimmune Myocarditis in Graves' Disease: A Case-Based Review. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:678645. [PMID: 34307494 PMCID: PMC8292634 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.678645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The manifestations of hyperthyroidism-related myocardial damage are multitudinous, including arrhythmia, dilated cardiomyopathy, valvular diseases, and even cardiogenic shock. Acute myocarditis induced by thyrotoxicosis had been reported in a few studies. However, attention on its prevalence and underlying mechanisms is sorely lacking. Its long-term harm is often ignored, and it may eventually develop into dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure. We report a case of Graves' disease with a progressive elevation of hypersensitive cardiac troponin-I at several days after discontinuation of the patient's anti-thyroid drugs. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) showed inflammatory edema of some cardiomyocytes (stranded enhanced signals under T2 mapping), myocardial necrosis (scattered enhanced signals under T1 late gadolinium enhancement) in the medial and inferior epicardial wall, with a decreased left ventricular systolic function (48%), which implied a possibility of acute myocarditis induced by thyrotoxicosis. The patient was then given a transient glucocorticoid (GC) treatment and achieved a good curative effect. Inspired by this case, we aim to systematically elaborate the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of hyperthyroidism-induced autoimmune myocarditis. Additionally, we emphasize the importance of CMRI and GC therapy in the diagnosis and treatment of hyperthyroidism-related myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujin Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianru Leng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nana Tang
- Nursing Teaching Office of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning Zhou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Charles CJ, Li RR, Yeung T, Mazlan SMI, Lai RC, de Kleijn DPV, Lim SK, Richards AM. Systemic Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Reduce Myocardial Infarct Size: Characterization With MRI in a Porcine Model. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:601990. [PMID: 33304934 PMCID: PMC7701257 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.601990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The observations that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exert cardiac protection and repair via their secretome with the active component(s) identified as exosomes underpinned our test of the efficacy of MSC exosomes in a porcine model of myocardial infarction (MI) when administered systemically by the convenient method of intravenous (IV) bolus injection. Results show that 7 days of IV exosomes results in clear reduction (30-40%) of infarct size measured at both 7 and 28 days post-MI, despite near identical release of hs Troponin T. Together with reduced infarct size, exosome treatment reduced transmurality and lessened wall thinning in the infarct zone. Exosome treated pigs showed relative preservation of LV function with significant amelioration of falls in fractional wall thickening compared with control. However, global measures of LV function were less protected by exosome treatment. It is possible that greater preservation of global LV function may have been attenuated by increased cardiac fibrosis, as T1 values showed significant increase in the exosome pigs compared to control particularly in the infarct related segments. Taken together, these results show clear effects of IV exosomes administered over 7 days to reduce infarct size with relatively preserved cardiac function compared to control treated infarct pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Charles
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Christchurch Heart Institute, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Renee R. Li
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Teresa Yeung
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stephane M. Ibraham Mazlan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ruenn Chai Lai
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dominique P. V. de Kleijn
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, and Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Sai Kiang Lim
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - A. Mark Richards
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Christchurch Heart Institute, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Dennler M, Toaldo MB, Makara M, Lautenschläger IE, Ribbers G, Wang-Leandro A, Waschk M, Richter H, Glaus TM. Recommendations for standardized plane definition in canine cardiac MRI. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2020; 61:696-704. [PMID: 32996225 DOI: 10.1111/vru.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With the growing interest in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI), veterinary radiologists will increasingly be asked to use this modality to answer complex cardiological questions. Plane alignment is crucial for reproducible assessment of the heart. Anesthesia time is a limiting factor in cMRI. Aims of this prospective experimental study were to introduce a flow chart for standardized cMRI-examination in dogs, to test it for reproducibility using a cardiac CT simulation and to estimate time requirements needed to complete the examination accurately. Six operators (3 radiologists, 1 cardiologist, 1 imaging-resident, 1 technician) simulated a cMRI examination on CT-scans of 6 healthy Beagle dogs twice within two to four weeks. Assessment included qualitative and quantitative scoring of plane quality and time requirements. The quality of planes was high for the left and moderate for the right side of the heart. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of linear measurements of structures on the left was good to excellent (ICC-range: 0.789-0.948) but dropped to moderate to poor levels for the right side (ICC-range: 0.429-0.738). The median time required to complete a full examination was 30 (range: 13-103) min in the first and 24 (range: 15-62) min in the second evaluation. It differed significantly between operators and was consistently shorter for the left than for the right side. In conclusion, a new standardized scheme for cMRI can be quickly adopted by radiologists with some expertise in cross sectional imaging. Qualitative and quantitative results were highly reproducible for the left but less for the right side.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Dennler
- Clinic of Diagnostic Imaging, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marco Baron Toaldo
- Division of Cardiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mariano Makara
- Centre for Veterinary Education, University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ines E Lautenschläger
- Clinic of Diagnostic Imaging, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gianna Ribbers
- Clinic of Diagnostic Imaging, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Wang-Leandro
- Clinic of Diagnostic Imaging, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maja Waschk
- Clinic of Diagnostic Imaging, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Henning Richter
- Clinic of Diagnostic Imaging, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tony M Glaus
- Division of Cardiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Plamper M, Born M, Gohlke B, Schreiner F, Schulte S, Splittstößer V, Woelfle J. Cerebral MRI and Clinical Findings in Children with PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome: Can Cerebral MRI Scan Help to Establish an Earlier Diagnosis of PHTS in Children? Cells 2020; 9:E1668. [PMID: 32664367 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome (PHTS) is caused by germline autosomal-dominant mutations of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN. Subjects harbour an increased risk for tumor development, with thyroid carcinoma occurring in young children. Establishing a diagnosis is challenging, since not all children fulfill diagnostic criteria established for adults. Macrocephaly is a common feature in childhood, with cerebral MRI being part of its diagnostic workup. We asked whether distinct cMRI features might facilitate an earlier diagnosis. Methods: We retrospectively studied radiological and clinical data of pediatric patients who were presented in our hospital between 2013 and 2019 in whom PTEN gene mutations were identified. Results: We included 27 pediatric patients (18 male) in the analysis. All patients were macrocephalic. Of these, 19 patients had received at least one cMRI scan. In 18 subjects variations were detected: enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS; in 18), white matter abnormalities (in seven) and less frequently additional pathologies. Intellectual ability was variable. Most patients exhibited developmental delay in motor skills, but normal intelligence. Conclusion: cMRI elucidates EPVS and white matter abnormalities in a high prevalence in children with PHTS and might therefore aid as a diagnostic feature to establish an earlier diagnosis of PHTS in childhood.
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Najeeb F, Usman M, Aslam I, Qazi SA, Omer H. Respiratory motion-corrected, compressively sampled dynamic MR image reconstruction by exploiting multiple sparsity constraints and phase correlation-based data binning. MAGMA 2020; 33:411-419. [PMID: 31754909 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-019-00794-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) is a standard method that is clinically used to evaluate the function of the human heart. Respiratory motion during a cMRI scan causes blurring artefacts in the reconstructed images. In conventional MRI, breath holding is used to avoid respiratory motion artefacts, which may be difficult for cardiac patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS This paper proposes a method in which phase correlation-based binning, followed by image registration-based sparsity along with spatio-temporal sparsity, is incorporated into the standard low rank + sparse (L+S) reconstruction for free-breathing cardiac cine MRI. The proposed method is validated on clinical data and simulated free-breathing cardiac cine data for different acceleration factors (AFs). The reconstructed images are analysed using visual assessment, artefact power (AP) and root-mean-square error (RMSE). The results of the proposed method are compared with the contemporary motion-corrected compressed sensing (MC-CS) method given in the literature. RESULTS Our results show that the proposed method successfully reconstructs the motion-corrected images from respiratory motion-corrupted, compressively sampled cardiac cine MR data, e.g., there is 26% and 24% improvement in terms of AP and RMSE values, respectively, at AF = 4 and 20% and 16.04% improvement in terms of AP and RMSE values, respectively, at AF = 8 in the reconstruction results from the proposed method for the cardiac phantom cine data. CONCLUSION The proposed method achieves significant improvement in the AP and RMSE values at different AFs for both the phantom and in vivo data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Najeeb
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ibtisam Aslam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sohaib A Qazi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Omer
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Joerger FB, Dennler M, Meira C, Mosing M, Richter H, Ringer SK. Cardiovascular effects of two adenosine constant rate infusions in anaesthetized dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg 2019; 46:289-298. [PMID: 30967341 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adenosine induces vasodilatation. The aim of this study was to investigate cardiovascular effects of two adenosine constant rate infusion (CRI) doses in dogs. STUDY DESIGN Experimental, longitudinal repeated measure design. ANIMALS Ten healthy purpose-bred Beagle dogs. METHODS Each dog was sedated with butorphanol. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol intravenously and maintained with sevoflurane (inspired oxygen fraction = 47-55%). Controlled mechanical ventilation was used to maintain normocapnia. Two doses of adenosine were administered as CRIs to each dog: 140 μg kg-1 minute-1 (A140) followed by 280 μg kg-1 minute-1 (A280). Pulse rate, invasive arterial pressure and stroke volume (by magnetic resonance phase contrast angiography) were measured at baseline, 3 minutes after starting adenosine and 3 and 10 minutes after discontinuing adenosine. Cardiac output, cardiac index and approximated systemic vascular resistances (approximate SVR) were calculated. Additionally, arterial blood gases, co-oximetry, electrolytes, glucose and lactate were measured and oxygen content and delivery calculated. One-way repeated measures analysis of variance (p < 0.05) was used for data analysis. RESULTS A140 and A280 resulted in a significant decrease in arterial blood pressure [systolic (p = 0.008), mean (p = 0.003), and diastolic arterial pressure (p = 0.004)] and approximate SVR (p = 0.008) compared with baseline. No significant changes were detected for the other variables. All values returned to baseline within 3 minutes after adenosine discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Adenosine CRI decreases arterial pressure by vasodilatation in healthy dogs. No additional effects were observed with the higher dose. The effects in compromised dogs remain to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola B Joerger
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Division of Anaesthesiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Mathias Dennler
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Clinic of Diagnostic Imaging, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carolina Meira
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Division of Anaesthesiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martina Mosing
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Division of Anaesthesiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; College of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Henning Richter
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Clinic of Diagnostic Imaging, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simone K Ringer
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Division of Anaesthesiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Schipke JD, Kelm M, Siegmund K, Muth T, Sievers B, Steiner S. "Lung packing" in breath hold-diving: An impressive case of pulmo-cardiac interaction. Respir Med Case Rep 2016; 16:120-1. [PMID: 26744675 PMCID: PMC4681964 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a complex interaction between the heart and the lungs. We report on a healthy female who performs breath hold diving at a high, international level. In order to optimize pressure equalization during diving and to increase oxygen available, apneists employed a special breathing maneuver, so called “lung packing”. Based on cardiac MRI we could demonstrate impressive effects of this maneuver on left ventricular geometry and hemodynamics. Beyond the fact, that our findings support the concept of pulmonary –cardiac interrelationship, it should be emphasized, that the reported, extreme breathing maneuver could have detrimental consequences due to reduction of stroke volume and cardiac output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen D Schipke
- Research Group Experimental Surgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, D-40522 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Malte Kelm
- Department of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorensraße 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Klaus Siegmund
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Social Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Muth
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Social Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Burkhard Sievers
- Department of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorensraße 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephan Steiner
- Department of Cardiology, Pneumology and Int. Care Medicine, St. Vincenz Hospital Limburg, Auf dem Schafsberg, D-65549 Limburg, Germany
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Moussa ID, Klein LW, Shah B, Mehran R, Mack MJ, Brilakis ES, Reilly JP, Zoghbi G, Holper E, Stone GW. Consideration of a new definition of clinically relevant myocardial infarction after coronary revascularization: an expert consensus document from the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI). J Am Coll Cardiol 2013; 62:1563-70. [PMID: 24135581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.08.720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 470] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Numerous definitions have been proposed for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) after coronary revascularization. The universal definition for MI designates post procedural biomarker thresholds for defining percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)-related MI (type 4a) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)-related MI (type 5), which are of uncertain prognostic importance. In addition, for both the MI types, cTn is recommended as the biomarker of choice, the prognostic significance of which is less well validated than CK-MB. Widespread adoption of a MI definition not clearly linked to subsequent adverse events such as mortality or heart failure may have serious consequences for the appropriate assessment of devices and therapies, may affect clinical care pathways, and may result in misinterpretation of physician competence. Rather than using an MI definition sensitive for small degrees of myonecrosis (the occurrence of which, based on contemporary large-scale studies, are unlikely to have important clinical consequences), it is instead recommended that a threshold level of biomarker elevation which has been strongly linked to subsequent adverse events in clinical studies be used to define a "clinically relevant MI." The present document introduces a new definition for "clinically relevant MI" after coronary revascularization (PCI or CABG), which is applicable for use in clinical trials, patient care, and quality outcomes assessment.
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Mohty D, Damy T, Cosnay P, Echahidi N, Casset-Senon D, Virot P, Jaccard A. Cardiac amyloidosis: updates in diagnosis and management. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 106:528-40. [PMID: 24070600 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2013.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Amyloidosis is a severe systemic disease. Cardiac involvement may occur in the three main types of amyloidosis (acquired monoclonal light-chain, hereditary transthyretin and senile amyloidosis) and has a major impact on prognosis. Imaging the heart to characterize and detect early cardiac involvement is one of the major aims in the assessment of this disease. Electrocardiography and transthoracic echocardiography are important diagnostic and prognostic tools in patients with cardiac involvement. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging better characterizes myocardial involvement, functional abnormalities and amyloid deposition due to its high spatial resolution. Nuclear imaging has a role in the diagnosis of transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. Cardiac biomarkers are now used for risk stratification and staging of patients with light-chain systemic amyloidosis. Different types of cardiac complications may occur, including diastolic followed by systolic heart failure, atrial and/or ventricular arrhythmias, conduction disturbances, embolic events and sometimes sudden death. Senile amyloid and hereditary transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy have better prognoses than light-chain amyloidosis. Cardiac treatment of heart failure is usually ineffective and is often poorly tolerated because of its hypotensive and bradycardiac effects. The three main types of amyloid disease, despite their similar cardiac appearance, have specific new aetiological treatments that may change the prognosis of this disease. Cardiologists should be aware of this disease to allow early treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania Mohty
- Service de cardiologie, pôle cœur-poumon-rein, hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges, 87042 Limoges, France; Service d'hématologie clinique et de thérapie cellulaire, pôle onco-hématologie, centre national de référence pour l'amylose AL et autres maladies de dépôts d'immunoglobulines monoclonales, CHU de Limoges, Limoges, France.
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McGarvey JR, Kondo N, Takebe M, Koomalsingh KJ, Witschey WRT, Barker AJ, Markl M, Takebayashi S, Shimaoka T, Gorman JH, Gorman RC, Pilla JJ. Directed epicardial assistance in ischemic cardiomyopathy: flow and function using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Ann Thorac Surg 2013; 96:577-85. [PMID: 23810178 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2013.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure after myocardial infarction (MI) is a result of increased myocardial workload, adverse left ventricular (LV) geometric remodeling, and less efficient LV fluid movement. In this study we utilize cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate ventricular function and flow after placement of a novel directed epicardial assist device. METHODS Five swine underwent posterolateral MI and were allowed to remodel for 12 weeks. An inflatable bladder was positioned centrally within the infarct and secured with mesh. The device was connected to an external gas exchange pump, which inflated and deflated in synchrony with the cardiac cycle. Animals then underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging during active epicardial assistance and with no assistance. RESULTS Active epicardial assistance of the infarct showed immediate improvement in LV function and intraventricular flow. Ejection fraction significantly improved from 26.0% ± 4.9% to 37.3% ± 4.5% (p < 0.01). End-systolic volume (85.5 ± 12.7 mL versus 70.1 ± 11.9 mL, p < 0.01) and stroke volume (28.5 ± 4.4 mL versus 39.9 ± 3.1 mL, p = 0.03) were also improved with assistance. End-diastolic volume and regurgitant fraction did not change with treatment. Regional LV flow improved both qualitatively and quantitatively during assistance. Unassisted infarct regional flow showed highly discoordinate blood movement with very slow egress from the posterolateral wall. Large areas of stagnant flow were also identified. With assistance, posterolateral wall blood velocities improved significantly during both systole (26.4% ± 3.2% versus 12.6% ± 1.2% maximum velocity; p < 0.001) and diastole (54.3% ± 9.3% versus 24.2% ± 2.5% maximum velocity; p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Directed epicardial assistance can improve LV function and flow in ischemic cardiomyopathy. This novel device may provide a valuable alternative to currently available heart failure therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy R McGarvey
- Gorman Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-5156, USA
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