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Bugeja JM, Xia Y, Chandra SS, Murphy NJ, Crozier S, Hunter DJ, Fripp J, Engstrom C. Analysis of cam location characteristics in FAI syndrome patients from 3D MR images demonstrates sex-specific differences. J Orthop Res 2024; 42:385-394. [PMID: 37525546 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Cam femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome is associated with hip osteoarthritis (OA) development. Hip shape features, derived from statistical shape modeling (SSM), are predictive for OA incidence, progression, and arthroplasty. Currently, no three-dimensional (3D) SSM studies have investigated whether there are cam shape differences between male and female patients, which may be of potential clinical relevance for FAI syndrome assessments. This study analyzed sex-specific cam location and shape in FAI syndrome patients from clinical magnetic resonance examinations (M:F 56:41, age: 16-63 years) using 3D focused shape modeling-based segmentation (CamMorph) and partial least squares regression to obtain shape features (latent variables [LVs]) of cam morphology. Two-way analysis of variance tests were used to assess cam LV data for sex and cam volume severity differences. There was no significant interaction between sex and cam volume severity for the LV data. A sex main effect was significant for LV 1 (cam size) and LV 2 (cam location) with medium to large effect sizes (p < 0.001, d > 0.75). Mean results revealed males presented with a superior-focused cam, whereas females presented with an anterior-focused cam. When stratified by cam volume, cam morphologies were located superiorly in male and anteriorly in female FAI syndrome patients with negligible, mild, or moderate cam volumes. Both male and female FAI syndrome patients with major cam volumes had a global cam distribution. In conclusion, sex-specific cam location differences are present in FAI syndrome patients with negligible, mild, and moderate cam volumes, whereas major cam volumes were globally distributed in both male and female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Bugeja
- Australian e-Health Research Centre, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ying Xia
- Australian e-Health Research Centre, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Shekhar S Chandra
- School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Information Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Murphy
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Stuart Crozier
- School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Information Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David J Hunter
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Jurgen Fripp
- Australian e-Health Research Centre, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Craig Engstrom
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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