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Wang S, Qin J, Ye H, Wang K, Shi J, Ma Y, Duan Y, Song C, Wang X, Dai L, Wang K, Wang P, Zhang J. Using a panel of multiple tumor-associated antigens to enhance autoantibody detection for immunodiagnosis of gastric cancer. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1452582. [PMID: 30221047 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1452582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are attractive non-invasive biomarkers for detection of cancer due to their inherently stable in serum. Serum autoantibodies against 9 TAAs from gastric cancer (GC) patients and healthy controls were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A logistic regression model predicting the risk of being diagnosed with GC in the training cohort (n = 558) was generated and then validated in an independent cohort (n = 372). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to assess the diagnostic performance. Finally, an optimal prediction model with 6 TAAs (p62, c-Myc, NPM1, 14-3-3ξ, MDM2 and p16) showed a great diagnostic performance of GC with AUC of 0.841 in the training cohort and 0.856 in the validation cohort. The proportion of subjects being correctly defined were 78.49% in the training cohort and 81.99% in the validation cohort. This prediction model could also differentiate early-stage (stage I-II) GC patients from healthy controls with sensitivity/specificity of 76.60%/72.34% and 80.56%/79.17% in the training and validation cohort, respectively, and the overall sensitivity/specificity for early-stage GC were 78.92%/74.70% when being combined with two cohorts. This prediction model presented no significant difference for the diagnostic accuracy between early-stage and late-stage (stage III - IV) GC patients. The model with 6 TAAs showed a high diagnostic performance for GC detection, particularly for early-stage GC. This study further supported the hypothesis that a customized array of multiple TAAs was able to enhance autoantibody detection in the immunodiagnosis of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaibing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiejie Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hua Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Keyan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yitao Duan
- Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chunhua Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liping Dai
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Kaijuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Li J, Dai L, Lei N, Xing M, Li P, Luo C, Casiano CA, Zhang JY. Evaluation and characterization of anti-RalA autoantibody as a potential serum biomarker in human prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:43546-43556. [PMID: 27286458 PMCID: PMC5190043 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies against intracellular tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are commonly found in human cancers. In this study, we characterized the serum autoantibody response to the RalA, Ras-like GTPase, in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). The autoantibodies were detected by immunofluorescence assay in PCa cell lines, ELISA, and immunoblotting in 339 serum samples from patients with PCa and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and in normal human sera (NHS). The expression of RalA in prostate tumor tissues was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in tumor microarrays. The autoantibody level to RalA (median) in NHS was significantly lower than in PCa (0.053 vs 0.138; P < 0.001) and BPH (0.053 vs 0.132; P < 0.005) groups. The circulating anti-RalA autoantibody could distinguish PCa patients from normal individuals with the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) performing at 0.861, with sensitivity of 52.9% and specificity of 91.0%. Elevation in serum immunoreactivity was observed in PCa patients after radical prostatectomy. The combined use of both anti-RalA autoantibody and PSA showed a significantly higher discriminatory ability compared with either of those markers alone. RalA protein expression was detected by IHC in 85.3% of tumor tissues from PCa patients, but without significant difference compared to BPH or normal control tissues. Together, our study shows the additional benefits of anti-RalA autoantibody as a potential serological biomarker for PCa, particularly in patients with normal PSA, and further demonstrate the utility of biomarker combinations in the immunodiagnosis of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitian Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Liping Dai
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Ningjing Lei
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Mengtao Xing
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Chenglin Luo
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Carlos A Casiano
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Jian-Ying Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
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Zhang JY, Megliorino R, Peng XX, Tan EM, Chen Y, Chan EKL. Antibody detection using tumor-associated antigen mini-array in immunodiagnosing human hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2007; 46:107-14. [PMID: 17067715 PMCID: PMC2706782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2006.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2006] [Revised: 08/20/2006] [Accepted: 08/23/2006] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Previous studies have demonstrated that during transition from chronic liver disease to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), autoantibodies can appear which are not detected in the prior pre-malignant conditions. These antibody responses may be stimulated by cellular proteins involved in carcinogenesis. This study determines the prevalence of antibodies to a selected panel of eight tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in sera from patients with chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and HCC, and considers the possibility and usefulness of antibodies to such a panel of TAAs in differentiating between these conditions. The panel of eight TAAs includes Imp1, p62, Koc, p53, c-myc, cyclin B1, survivin and p16 full-length recombinant proteins. METHODS Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect antibodies against eight selected TAAs in 30 sera from chronic hepatitis, 30 from liver cirrhosis, and 142 from HCC. Positive results were also confirmed by slot blot, Western blotting and immunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS Antibody frequency to any individual TAA in HCC varied from 9.9% to 21.8%. With the successive addition of TAAs to a final total of eight antigens, there was a stepwise increase of positive antibody reactions reaching a frequency of 59.8% with whole cohort of HCC patients. This was significantly higher than the frequency of antibodies in chronic hepatitis (20%), liver cirrhosis (30%) and normal individuals (12.2%). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that malignant transition to HCC is associated with increased autoantibody responses to certain cellular proteins which might have a role in tumorigenesis, and shows that a mini-array of eight TAAs enhanced antibody detection for diagnosis of HCC. More studies in patients with HCC and precursor conditions such as chronic hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis using enlarged TAA mini-array panels might further improve the sensitivity and specificity of this mode of cancer immunodiagnosis. Its additional usefulness might be in the early detection of cancer in some patients with predisposing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ying Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
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