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Suzuki K, Kurita Y, Kubota K, Fujita Y, Tsujino S, Koyama Y, Tsujikawa S, Tamura S, Yagi S, Hasegawa S, Sato T, Hosono K, Kobayashi N, Iwashita H, Yamanaka S, Fujii S, Endo I, Nakajima A. Endoscopic papillectomy could be rewarding to patients with early stage duodenal ampullary carcinoma? J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2024; 31:203-212. [PMID: 38014632 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.1398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE There is currently no consensus on the use of endoscopic papillectomy (EP) for early stage duodenal ampullary adenocarcinoma. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of EP for patients with early stage duodenal ampullary adenocarcinoma. METHODS Patients who underwent EP for ampullary adenocarcinomas were investigated. Complete and clinical complete resection rates were evaluated. Clinical complete resection was defined as either complete resection or resection with positive or unknown margins but no cancer in the surgically resected specimen, or no recurrence on endoscopy after at least a 1-year follow-up. RESULTS Adenocarcinoma developed in 30 patients (carcinoma in situ [Tis]: 21, mucosal tumors [T1a(M)]: 4, tumors in the sphincter of Oddi [T1a(OD)]: 5). The complete resection rate was 60.0% (18/30) (Tis: 66.7% [14/21], T1a[M]: 50.0% [2/4], and T1a[OD]: 40.0% [2/5]). The mean follow-up period was 46.8 months. The recurrence rate for all patients was 6.7% (2/30). The clinical complete resection rates of adenocarcinoma were 89.2% (25/28); rates for Tis, T1a(M), and T1a(OD) were 89.4% (17/19), 100% (4/4), and 80% (4/5), respectively. CONCLUSIONS EP may potentially achieve clinical complete resection of early stage (Tis and T1a) duodenal ampullary adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kurita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kensuke Kubota
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuji Fujita
- Department of Oncology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Seitaro Tsujino
- Department of Oncology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuji Koyama
- Department of Oncology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shintaro Tsujikawa
- Department of Oncology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shigeki Tamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shin Yagi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Sho Hasegawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Hosono
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Noritoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Iwashita
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Medicine, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Yamanaka
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Medicine, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujii
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Medicine, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Itaru Endo
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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Sato F, Bhawal UK, Osaki S, Sugiyama N, Oikawa K, Muragaki Y. Differential immunohistochemical expression of DEC1, CK‑1ε, and CD44 in oral atypical squamous epithelium and carcinoma in situ. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:159. [PMID: 35266015 PMCID: PMC8941534 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Presence of nuclear atypia during histological investigation is often a cause of concern for pathologists while identifying tumor and non-tumor cells in a biopsy sample of oral mucosa. Nuclear atypia is observed in severe inflammation, ulcers and reactive changes. Therefore, additional methods, such as immunohistochemistry, may help precise diagnosis. When the atypia is suggestive of tumorous or reactive origin, the lesion is diagnosed as atypical squamous epithelium (ASE). When there is severe nuclear atypia in the mucosa, such as in disorders of nuclear polarity, large nuclei, and clear nucleolus, the lesion is diagnosed as carcinoma in situ (CIS). However, it is not easy to distinguish ASE and CIS using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The present study aimed to distinguish ASE from CIS using immunohistochemistry. A total of 32 biopsy samples of either ASE or CIS cases were selected and the level of casein kinase 1ε (CK-1ε), differentiated embryonic chondrocyte gene 1 (DEC1), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and CD44, which are four protein markers which have been previously linked to cancer progression, were analyzed. CK-1ε and CD44 expression was higher in CIS samples than in ASE samples. However, DEC1 expression was lower in CIS samples than in ASE samples. PCNA expression was not markedly different between the two groups. Additionally, it was found that DEC1-overexpressing cells had decreased levels of CK-1ε and CD44 compared with control cells, while CK-1ε-overexpressing cells had relatively unchanged levels of CD44, DEC1 and PCNA. These results suggested that DEC1 negatively regulates the expression of CK-1ε and CD44. Thus, DEC1, CK-1ε, and CD44 were identified as mechanistically linked and clinically relevant protein biomarkers, which could help distinguish ASE and CIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyuki Sato
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Sunto‑gun, Shizuoka 411‑8777, Japan
| | - Ujjal K Bhawal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba 271‑8587, Japan
| | - Shoko Osaki
- Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama 641‑8509, Japan
| | - Nao Sugiyama
- Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama 641‑8509, Japan
| | - Kosuke Oikawa
- Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama 641‑8509, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Muragaki
- Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama 641‑8509, Japan
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Subiela JD, Rodríguez Faba Ó, Aumatell J, Calderón J, Mercadé A, Balañà J, Esquinas C, Algaba F, Breda A, Palou J. Contemporary outcomes of bladder carcinoma in situ treated with an adequate bacille Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy. BJU Int 2021; 129:542-550. [PMID: 34375494 DOI: 10.1111/bju.15567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess whether bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) responsiveness after initiation of an adequate BCG treatment (at least five of six instillations of induction and at least two of three instillations of maintenance) impacts oncological outcomes in patients with carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the bladder treated with BCG immunotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data were available for 193 patients with bladder CIS with or without associated cTa/cT1 disease who received an adequate BCG treatment between 2008 and 2015. Bladder biopsies were taken at 6 months and patients were then stratified as either BCG responsive (negative biopsies) or BCG unresponsive (positive biopsies). Inverse probability weighting (IPW)-adjusted Kaplan-Meier and IPW-adjusted Cox regression were performed to compare progression-free survival (PFS), radical cystectomy-free survival (RCFS), overall survival OS, and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in the two groups. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Comparing the BCG-responsive and BCG-unresponsive groups, IPW-adjusted Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed, respectively, a median (interquartile range) of PFS of 9 (5-15) vs 48.5 (28-77) months (P = 0.001), a RCFS of 11 (9-15) vs 49 (24-76) months (P < 0.001), and a CSS of 25 (13-60) vs 109 (78-307) months (P = 0.004). On IPW-adjusted Cox regression analysis, BCG-unresponsive patients had a worse PFS (hazard ratio [HR] 3.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.59-7.27), RCFS (HR 3.52, 95% CI 1.77-7), and CSS (HR 4.42, 95% CI 1.95-10.01). We found no significant differences for OS. CONCLUSION Using an IPW method we found that lack of response after initiation of an adequate BCG treatment has prognostic implications beyond identification of complete response in patients with CIS. BCG-unresponsive patients, satisfying the novel definition of BCG unresponsive, showed a poor PFS, RCFS, and CSS. In this setting, the patients should be counselled regarding RC as a first option or enrolled in a clinical trial if they refuse RC or are unfit for surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Daniel Subiela
- Urooncology Unit, Department of Urology, Fundació Puigvert, Department of Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Oncological and Functional Bladder Pathology Unit, Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Óscar Rodríguez Faba
- Urooncology Unit, Department of Urology, Fundació Puigvert, Department of Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Júlia Aumatell
- Urooncology Unit, Department of Urology, Fundació Puigvert, Department of Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julio Calderón
- Urooncology Unit, Department of Urology, Fundació Puigvert, Department of Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Asier Mercadé
- Urooncology Unit, Department of Urology, Fundació Puigvert, Department of Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Balañà
- Urooncology Unit, Department of Urology, Fundació Puigvert, Department of Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Esquinas
- Statistics Unit, Department of Urology, Fundació Puigvert, Department of Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Algaba
- Department of Pathology, Fundació Puigvert, Department of Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Breda
- Urooncology Unit, Department of Urology, Fundació Puigvert, Department of Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Palou
- Urooncology Unit, Department of Urology, Fundació Puigvert, Department of Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Photodynamic therapy using 5-aminolevulinic acid is a treatment method in which the fluorescent substance of protoporphyrin IX excessively accumulated specifically in cancer cells is excited by visible red or green light irradiation, and reactive oxygen is produced and injures cancer cells. Photodynamic therapy using 5-aminolevulinic acid less markedly influences the surrounding normal cells and tissue as a result of no accumulation of protoporphyrin IX, being a low-invasive, less harmful treatment localized to cancer. Furthermore, photodynamic therapy using 5-aminolevulinic acid is painless, requiring no anesthesia because localized lesions are treated at a low-energy level, and repeatedly applicable, unlike radiotherapy, and so is expected to be a new low-invasive treatment based on a concept completely different from existing treatments. In fact, photodynamic therapy using 5-aminolevulinic acid for bladder cancer was clinically demonstrated mainly for treatment-resistant bladder carcinoma in situ, and favorable outcomes have been obtained. Photodynamic therapy using 5-aminolevulinic acid are photodynamic technologies based on the common biological characteristic of cancers, and are expected as novel therapeutic strategies for many types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Inoue
- Department of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
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