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Zhang L, Liu C, Cao H, Erwin AJ, Fong DD, Bhattacharya A, Yu L, Stan L, Zou C, Tirrell MV, Zhou H, Chen W. Redox Gating for Colossal Carrier Modulation and Unique Phase Control. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2308871. [PMID: 38183328 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Redox gating, a novel approach distinct from conventional electrolyte gating, combines reversible redox functionalities with common ionic electrolyte moieties to engineer charge transport, enabling power-efficient electronic phase control. This study achieves a colossal sheet carrier density modulation beyond 1016 cm-2, sustainable over thousands of cycles, all within the sub-volt regime for functional oxide thin films. The key advantage of this method lies in the controlled injection of a large quantity of carriers from the electrolyte into the channel material without the deleterious effects associated with traditional electrolyte gating processes such as the production of ionic defects or intercalated species. The redox gating approach offers a simple and practical means of decoupling electrical and structural phase transitions, enabling the isostructural metal-insulator transition and improved device endurance. The versatility of redox gating extends across multiple materials, irrespective of their crystallinity, crystallographic orientation, or carrier type (n- or p-type). This inclusivity encompasses functional heterostructures and low-dimensional quantum materials composed of sustainable elements, highlighting the broad applicability and potential of the technique in electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Changjiang Liu
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Hui Cao
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Andrew J Erwin
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Dillon D Fong
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Anand Bhattacharya
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Luping Yu
- Department of Chemistry and the James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Liliana Stan
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Chongwen Zou
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China
| | - Matthew V Tirrell
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Hua Zhou
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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Xiao Y, Zhang H, Zhao Y, Liu P, Kondamareddy KK, Wang C. Carrier Modulation via Tunnel Oxide Passivating at Buried Perovskite Interface for Stable Carbon-Based Solar Cells. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2640. [PMID: 37836281 PMCID: PMC10574625 DOI: 10.3390/nano13192640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based perovskite solar cells (C-PSCs) have the impressive characteristics of good stability and potential commercialization. The insulating layers play crucial roles in charge modulation at the buried perovskite interface in mesoporous C-PSCs. In this work, the effects of three different tunnel oxide layers on the performance of air-processed C-PSCs are scrutinized to unveil the passivating quality. Devices with ZrO2-passivated TiO2 electron contacts exhibit higher power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) than their Al2O3 and SiO2 counterparts. The porous feature and robust chemical properties of ZrO2 ensure the high quality of the perovskite absorber, thus ensuring the high repeatability of our devices. An efficiency level of 14.96% puts our device among the state-of-the-art hole-conductor-free C-PSCs, and our unencapsulated device maintains 88.9% of its initial performance after 11,520 h (480 days) of ambient storage. These results demonstrate that the function of tunnel oxides at the perovskite/electron contact interface is important to manipulate the charge transfer dynamics that critically affect the performance and stability of C-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Xiao
- School of Automation, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro & Nano Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro & Nano Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro & Nano Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Kiran Kumar Kondamareddy
- Department of Physics, School of Pure Sciences, College of Engineering Science and Technology, FIJI National University, Lautoka Campus, Suva 744101, Fiji
| | - Changlei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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Bian Z, Miao J, Zhang T, Chen H, Zhu Q, Chai J, Tian F, Wu S, Xu Y, Yu B, Chai Y, Zhao Y. Carrier Modulation in 2D Transistors by Inserting Interfacial Dielectric Layer for Area-Efficient Computation. Small 2023:e2206791. [PMID: 37010037 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
2D materials with atomic thickness display strong gate controllability and emerge as promising materials to build area-efficient electronic circuits. However, achieving the effective and nondestructive modulation of carrier density/type in 2D materials is still challenging because the introduction of dopants will greatly degrade the carrier transport via Coulomb scattering. Here, a strategy to control the polarity of tungsten diselenide (WSe2 ) field-effect transistors (FETs) via introducing hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) as the interfacial dielectric layer is devised. By modulating the h-BN thickness, the carrier type of WSe2 FETs has been switched from hole to electron. The ultrathin body of WSe2 , combined with the effective polarity control, together contribute to the versatile single-transistor logic gates, including NOR, AND, and XNOR gates, and the operation of only two transistors as a half adder in logic circuits. Compared with the use of 12 transistors based on static Si CMOS technology, the transistor number of the half adder is reduced by 83.3%. The unique carrier modulation approach has general applicability toward 2D logic gates and circuits for the improvement of area efficiency in logic computation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Bian
- School of Micro-Nano Electronics, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jialei Miao
- School of Micro-Nano Electronics, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Tianjiao Zhang
- School of Micro-Nano Electronics, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Haohan Chen
- School of Micro-Nano Electronics, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Qinghai Zhu
- School of Micro-Nano Electronics, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jian Chai
- School of Micro-Nano Electronics, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Feng Tian
- School of Micro-Nano Electronics, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Shaoxiong Wu
- School of Micro-Nano Electronics, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yang Xu
- School of Micro-Nano Electronics, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Micro-Nano Electronics, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yang Chai
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yuda Zhao
- School of Micro-Nano Electronics, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
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Sun K, Xiao W, Ye S, Kalfagiannis N, Kiang KS, de Groot CHK, Muskens OL. Embedded Metal Oxide Plasmonics Using Local Plasma Oxidation of AZO for Planar Metasurfaces. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e2001534. [PMID: 32419202 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
New methods for achieving high-quality conducting oxide metasurfaces are of great importance for a range of emerging applications from infrared thermal control coatings to epsilon-near-zero nonlinear optics. This work demonstrates the viability of plasma patterning as a technique to selectively and locally modulate the carrier density in planar Al-doped ZnO (AZO) metasurfaces without any associated topographical surface profile. This technique stands in strong contrast to conventional physical patterning which results in nonplanar textured surfaces. The approach can open up a new route to form novel photonic devices with planar metasurfaces, for example, antireflective coatings and multi-layer devices. To demonstrate the performance of the carrier-modulated AZO metasurfaces, two types of devices are realized using the demonstrated plasma patterning. A metasurface optical solar reflector is shown to produce infrared emissivity equivalent to a conventional etched design. Second, a multiband metasurface is achieved by integrating a Au visible-range metasurface on top of the planar AZO infrared metasurface. Independent control of spectral bands without significant cross-talk between infrared and visible functionalities is achieved. Local carrier tuning of conducting oxide films offers a conceptually new approach for oxide-based photonics and nanoelectronics and opens up new routes for integrated planar metasurfaces in optical technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- Astronomy and Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- Electronics and Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Wei Xiao
- Astronomy and Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- Electronics and Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Sheng Ye
- Electronics and Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Nikolaos Kalfagiannis
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Kian Shen Kiang
- Electronics and Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - C H Kees de Groot
- Electronics and Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Otto L Muskens
- Astronomy and Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
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