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Xu J, Huang X, Gou S, Luo H, Zeng S, Zhang Q, Wu Q, Chi H, Yang G. Unraveling the role of the circadian clock genes in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma: A prognostic indicator for prognostic, immunotherapy response, and chemotherapy sensitivity. J Cancer 2024; 15:2788-2804. [PMID: 38577592 PMCID: PMC10988312 DOI: 10.7150/jca.94063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) account for a significant proportion of gynecological malignancies and represent a major global health concern. Globally, CESC is ranked as the fourth most common cancer among women. Conventional treatment of this disease has a less favorable prognosis for most patients. However, the discovery of early molecular biomarkers is therefore important for the diagnosis of CESC, as well as for slowing down their progression process. Methods: To identify differentially expressed genes strongly associated with prognosis, univariate Cox proportional hazard analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis were used. Using multiple Cox proportional hazard regression, a multifactorial model for prognostic risk assessment was then created. Results: The expression of biological clock-related genes, which varied considerably among distinct subtypes and were associated with significantly diverse prognoses, was used to categorize CESC patients. These findings demonstrate how the nomogram developed based on the 7-CRGs signature may assist physicians in creating more precise, accurate, and successful treatment plans that can aid CESC patients at 1, 3, and 5 years. Conclusions: By using machine learning techniques, we thoroughly investigated the impact of CRGs on the prognosis of CESC patients in this study. By creating a unique nomogram, we were able to accurately predict patient prognosis. At the same time, we showed new perspectives on the development of CESC and its treatment by analyzing the associations of the prognostic model with immunity, enrichment pathways, chemotherapy sensitivity, and so on. This research provides a new direction for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and University Hospital, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- School of Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyuan Huang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Siqi Gou
- School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Huanyu Luo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shicheng Zeng
- Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinhong Zhang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Qibiao Wu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and University Hospital, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Hao Chi
- School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Guanhu Yang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and University Hospital, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- Department of Specialty Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
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Ding X, Wan A, Qi X, Jiang K, Liu Z, Chen B. ZNF695, A Potential Prognostic Biomarker, Correlates with Immune Infiltrates in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Endocervical Adenocarcinoma: Bioinformatic Analysis and Experimental Verification. Curr Gene Ther 2024; 24:CGT-EPUB-138901. [PMID: 38441026 DOI: 10.2174/0115665232285216240228071244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/01/1970] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of Zinc Finger Protein 695 (ZNF695) is unclear in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC). OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive analysis and experimental validation of ZNF695 in CESC. METHODS The study investigated the expression of ZNF695 in both pan-cancer and CESC, utilizing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to assess its diagnostic value. The present study investigated the association between ZNF695 expression levels and clinical characteristics, as well as prognosis, in patients with CESC. The study explored potential regulatory networks involving ZNF695, including its association with immune infiltration, immune score, stemness index based on mRNA expression (mRNAsi), and drug sensitivity in CESC. We explored the expression of ZNF695 in CESC single cells. ZNF695 expression was validated using GSE29570. RESULTS ZNF695 was found to be aberrantly expressed in pan-cancer and CESC. There was a significant correlation observed between an elevated level of ZNF695 expression in patients with CESC and histological grade (p = 0.017). Furthermore, a strong association was found between high ZNF695 expression in CESC patients and poorer overall survival (OS) (HR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.17-3.00; p = 0.009), Progression-free Survival (PFS) (HR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.16-2.98; p = 0.010), and Disease-specific Survival (DSS) (HR: 1.98; 95% CI: 1.15-3.42; p = 0.014). The expression of ZNF695 in CESC patients (p = 0.006) was identified as an independent prognostic determinant. ZNF695 was associated with steroid hormone biosynthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, and so on. ZNF695 expression correlated with immune infiltration, immune score, and mRNAsi in CESC. ZNF695 expression significantly and negatively correlated with AICA ribonucleotide, BIX02189, QL-XI-92, STF-62247, and SNX-2112 in CESC. ZNF695 gene was upregulated in CESC tissues and cell lines. ZNF695 was significantly upregulated in the CESC cell lines. CONCLUSION ZNF695 may be a potential prognostic biomarker and immunotherapeutic target for CESC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Ding
- Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou221000, Jiangsu, China
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ailing Wan
- Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou221000, Jiangsu, China
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou221000, Jiangsu, China
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke'er Jiang
- Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Buze Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou221000, Jiangsu, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China
- Huaihai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou221000, Jiangsu, China
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Gan Q, Mao L, Shi R, Chang L, Wang G, Cheng J, Chen R. Prognostic Value and Immune Infiltration of HPV-Related Genes in the Immune Microenvironment of Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Endocervical Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15. [PMID: 36900213 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence has highlighted the immune environment as a critical feature in the development of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC). However, the relationship between the clinical characteristics of the immune environment and CESC remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to further characterize the relationship between the tumor and immune microenvironment and the clinical features of CESC using a variety of bioinformatic methods. Expression profiles (303 CESCs and three control samples) and relevant clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. We divided CESC cases into different subtypes and performed a differential gene expression analysis. In addition, gene ontology (GO) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to identify potential molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, data from 115 CESC patients from East Hospital were used to help identify the relationship between the protein expressions of key genes and disease-free survival using tissue microarray technology. Cases of CESC (n = 303) were divided into five subtypes (C1-C5) based on their expression profiles. A total of 69 cross-validated differentially expressed immune-related genes were identified. Subtype C4 demonstrated a downregulation of the immune profile, lower tumor immune/stroma scores, and worse prognosis. In contrast, the C1 subtype showed an upregulation of the immune profile, higher tumor immune/stroma scores, and better prognosis. A GO analysis suggested that changes in CESC were primarily enriched nuclear division, chromatin binding, and condensed chromosomes. In addition, GSEA demonstrated that cellular senescence, the p53 signaling pathway, and viral carcinogenesis are critical features of CESC. Moreover, high FOXO3 and low IGF-1 protein expression were closely correlated with decreased clinical prognosis. In summary, our findings provide novel insight into the relationship between the immune microenvironment and CESC. As such, our results may provide guidance for developing potential immunotherapeutic targets and biomarkers for CESC.
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Zhang Y, Wang H, Lu J, Lv Q, Yun B, Ge Z, Yan L. Down-regulation of S1PR2 is correlated with poor prognosis and immune infiltrates in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2023; 37:3946320231178131. [PMID: 37232164 PMCID: PMC10226337 DOI: 10.1177/03946320231178131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and cervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) are the second leading cause of deaths from malignant tumors in women, while their therapeutic and diagnostic aims are still finited. A growing body of evidence indicated that sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) plays essential roles in the occurrence and development about several human cancers. Nevertheless, the key mechanism and role mechanism of S1PR2 in CESC are still unclear.Methods: We first used Tissue Expression (GTEx) and Genotypic Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data to perform pan-cancer analysis on the expression and prognosis of S1PR2, and found that S1PR2 may have a potential impact on CESC. To generate a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network using the STRING database. The clusterProfiler package is used for feature-rich analysis. The Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource was used to determine the connection between S1PR2 mRNA expression and immune infiltrates. Results: S1PR2 expression in CESC tissues was down-regulated compared with adjacent normal tissues. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that compared with patients with high expression of S1PR2, CESC patients with low S1PR2 expression had a worse prognosis. Reduced S1PR2 expression is associated with patients with high clinical stage, more histological types of squamous cell carcinoma, and poor primary treatment outcomes. The receiver operating characteristic curve of S1PR2 was 0.870. Correlation analysis showed that the mRNA expression of S1PR2 was related to immune infiltrates and tumor purity.Conclusion: Down-regulated S1PR2 expression is related to poor survival and immune infiltration in CESC. S1PR2 is a potential biomarker for poor prognosis and as a potential target for CESC immune therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Pudong New District Gongli Hospital of
Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Haichuan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Pudong New District Gongli Hospital of
Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Pudong New District Gongli Hospital of
Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Pudong New District Gongli Hospital of
Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Yun
- Department of General Surgery, Pudong New District Gongli Hospital of
Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiru Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Pudong New District Gongli Hospital of
Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Pudong New District Gongli Hospital of
Shanghai, Shanghai, China
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Wang X, Tang W, Lu Y, You J, Han Y, Zheng Y. Prognostic Significance of Alternative Splicing Genes in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Endocervical Adenocarcinoma. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:7933-7949. [PMID: 34785939 PMCID: PMC8590485 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s335475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alternative splicing (AS) acts on many tumors and its relationship with cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) needs to be researched. Methods RNA sequencing data and clinical information of CESC cohorts were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and SpliceSeq was used to analyze the splicing profile of mRNA in CESC. UpSetR displayed the intersections among AS events and univariate analysis chose survival-associated AS and splicing factor (SF) genes. Functional analysis was operated on Enrichr, STRING database and MCODE analysis were used to evaluate protein-protein interaction (PPI) information. LASSO and multivariate analysis constructed prognostic model and risk analysis of tumor infiltrating immune cells was also conducted. Results A total of 402 AS-generated genes were found to be associated with CESC prognosis. Functional analysis showed that Golgi to lysosome transport was enriched. PPI network suggested that UBA52 was most functional. Dendritic cells activated, dendritic cells resting, macrophages M0, mast cells resting, T cells CD4 memory activated and T cells CD8 were most correlative with the risk score. Conclusion SFs and AS events can directly or indirectly affect the prognosis of CESC patients and this study identified SNRPA and CELF2 as two CESC-engaged SFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Weichun Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilin Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China
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Zhang X, Wang Y. Identification of hub genes and key pathways associated with the progression of gynecological cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6516-6524. [PMID: 31788113 PMCID: PMC6865827 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynecological cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in women. However, the mechanisms underlying gynecological cancer progression have remained largely unclear. In the present study, 799 dysregulated genes were identified in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OV), 488 dysregulated genes in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC), and 621 dysregulated genes in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC). Bioinformatics analysis revealed that mRNA splicing and cell proliferation-associated biological processes served important roles in OV progression. Metabolism-associated biological processes played important roles in CESC progression, and protein phosphorylation and small GTPase-mediated signal transduction served important roles in UCEC progression. The present study also constructed OV, CESC and UCEC progression-associated protein-protein interaction networks to reveal the associations among these genes. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier curve analysis showed that progression-related genes were associated with the duration of overall survival. Finally, NARS2 and TPT1 in OV, SMYD2, EGLN1, TNFRSF10D, FUT11, SYTL3, MMP8 and EREG in CESC, and SLC5A1, TXN, KDM4B, TXNDC11, HSDL2, COX16, MGAT4A, DAGLA, ELOVL7, THRB and PCOLCE2 in UCEC were identified as hub genes in cancer progression. Therefore, this study may assist in the identification of novel mechanisms underlying cancer progression and new biomarkers for gynecological cancer prognosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai 200051, P.R. China
| | - Yudong Wang
- Department of Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
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