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Nakayama T, Tanikawa M, Okushi Y, Itoh T, Shimmura T, Maruyama M, Yamaguchi T, Matsumiya A, Shinomiya A, Guh YJ, Chen J, Naruse K, Kudoh H, Kondo Y, Naoki H, Aoki K, Nagano AJ, Yoshimura T. A transcriptional program underlying the circannual rhythms of gonadal development in medaka. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2313514120. [PMID: 38109538 PMCID: PMC10756274 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313514120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
To cope with seasonal environmental changes, organisms have evolved approximately 1-y endogenous circannual clocks. These circannual clocks regulate various physiological properties and behaviors such as reproduction, hibernation, migration, and molting, thus providing organisms with adaptive advantages. Although several hypotheses have been proposed, the genes that regulate circannual rhythms and the underlying mechanisms controlling long-term circannual clocks remain unknown in any organism. Here, we show a transcriptional program underlying the circannual clock in medaka fish (Oryzias latipes). We monitored the seasonal reproductive rhythms of medaka kept under natural outdoor conditions for 2 y. Linear regression analysis suggested that seasonal changes in reproductive activity were predominantly determined by an endogenous program. Medaka hypothalamic and pituitary transcriptomes were obtained monthly over 2 y and daily on all equinoxes and solstices. Analysis identified 3,341 seasonally oscillating genes and 1,381 daily oscillating genes. We then examined the existence of circannual rhythms in medaka via maintaining them under constant photoperiodic conditions. Medaka exhibited approximately 6-mo free-running circannual rhythms under constant conditions, and monthly transcriptomes under constant conditions identified 518 circannual genes. Gene ontology analysis of circannual genes highlighted the enrichment of genes related to cell proliferation and differentiation. Altogether, our findings support the "histogenesis hypothesis" that postulates the involvement of tissue remodeling in circannual time-keeping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Nakayama
- Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
- Division of Seasonal Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 444-8585Okazaki, Japan
| | - Miki Tanikawa
- Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative, Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
| | - Yuki Okushi
- Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative, Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
| | - Thoma Itoh
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki444-8787, Japan
- Division of Quantitative Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 444-8585Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki444-8787, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shimmura
- Division of Seasonal Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 444-8585Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki444-8787, Japan
| | - Michiyo Maruyama
- Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
- Division of Seasonal Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 444-8585Okazaki, Japan
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative, Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative, Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
| | - Akiko Matsumiya
- Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative, Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
| | - Ai Shinomiya
- Division of Seasonal Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 444-8585Okazaki, Japan
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki444-8787, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki444-8787, Japan
- Laboratory of Bioresources, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 444-8585Okazaki, Japan
| | - Ying-Jey Guh
- Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
- Division of Seasonal Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 444-8585Okazaki, Japan
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative, Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
| | - Junfeng Chen
- Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative, Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Naruse
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki444-8787, Japan
- Laboratory of Bioresources, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 444-8585Okazaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kudoh
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga520-2113, Japan
| | - Yohei Kondo
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki444-8787, Japan
- Division of Quantitative Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 444-8585Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki444-8787, Japan
| | - Honda Naoki
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki444-8787, Japan
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima739-8511, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Aoki
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki444-8787, Japan
- Division of Quantitative Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 444-8585Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki444-8787, Japan
| | - Atsushi J. Nagano
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, Otsu520-2194, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka997-0052, Japan
| | - Takashi Yoshimura
- Laboratory of Animal Integrative Physiology, Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
- Division of Seasonal Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 444-8585Okazaki, Japan
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative, Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
- Division of Animal Medical Science, Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
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Kamata T, Yamada S, Sekijima T. Differential AMPK-mediated metabolic regulation observed in hibernation-style polymorphisms in Siberian chipmunks. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1220058. [PMID: 37664438 PMCID: PMC10468594 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1220058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hibernation is a unique physiological phenomenon allowing extreme hypothermia in endothermic mammals. Hypometabolism and hypothermia tolerance in hibernating animals have been investigated with particular interest; recently, studies of cultured cells and manipulation of the nervous system have made it possible to reproduce physiological states related to hypothermia induction. However, much remains unknown about the periodic regulation of hibernation. In particular, the physiological mechanisms facilitating the switch from an active state to a hibernation period, including behavioral changes and the acquisition of hypothermia tolerance remain to be elucidated. AMPK is a protein known to play a central role not only in feeding behavior but also in metabolic regulation in response to starvation. Our previous research has revealed that chipmunks activate AMPK in the brain during hibernation. However, whether AMPK is activated during winter in non-hibernating animals is unknown. Previous comparative studies between hibernating and non-hibernating animals have often been conducted between different species, consequently it has been impossible to account for the effects of phylogenetic differences. Our long-term monitoring of siberian chipmunks, has revealed intraspecific variation between those individuals that hibernate annually and those that never become hypothermic. Apparent differences were found between hibernating and non-hibernating types with seasonal changes in lifespan and blood HP levels. By comparing seasonal changes in AMPK activity between these polymorphisms, we clarified the relationship between hibernation and AMPK regulation. In hibernating types, phosphorylation of p-AMPK and p-ACC was enhanced throughout the brain during hibernation, indicating that AMPK-mediated metabolic regulation is activated. In non-hibernating types, AMPK and ACC were not seasonally activated. In addition, AMPK activation in the hypothalamus had already begun during high Tb before hibernation. Changes in AMPK activity in the brain during hibernation may be driven by circannual rhythms, suggesting a hibernation-regulatory mechanism involving AMPK activation independent of Tb. The differences in brain AMPK regulation between hibernators and non-hibernators revealed in this study were based on a single species thus did not involve phylogenetic differences, thereby supporting the importance of brain temperature-independent AMPK activation in regulating seasonal metabolism in hibernating animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taito Kamata
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shintaro Yamada
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
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Yang Y, Chu MX, Liu QY. The mechanism of circadian clock and its influence on animal circannual rhythm. Yi Chuan 2023; 45:409-424. [PMID: 37194588 DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.23-008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The circadian clock exists in almost all life forms, and is an internal activity generated by organisms adapting to the daily periodic changes of the external environment. The circadian clock is regulated by the transcription-translation-negative feedback loop in the body, which can regulate the activities of tissues and organs. Its normal maintenance is important for the health, growth, and reproduction of organisms. In contrast, due to the season changes of the environment, organisms have also formed annual cycle physiological changes in their bodies, such as seasonal estrus, etc. The annual rhythm of living things is mainly affected by environmental factors such as photoperiod, and is related to gene expression, hormone content, morphological changes of cell and tissues in vivo. Melatonin is an important signal to recognize the changes of photoperiod, and the circadian clock plays an important role in the pituitary to interpret the signal of melatonin and regulate the changes of downstream signals, which plays an important guiding role in the recognition of annual changes in the environment and the generation of the body's annual rhythm. In this review, we summarize the progress of research on the mechanism of action of circadian clocks in influencing annual rhythms, by introducing the mechanisms of circadian and annual rhythms generation in insects and mammals, and in the context of annual rhythms in birds, with the aim of providing a broader range of ideas for future research on the mechanism of annual rhythms influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- 1. Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ming-Xing Chu
- 1. Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qiu-Yue Liu
- 2. Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, the Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Numata H, Shintani Y. Diapause in Univoltine and Semivoltine Life Cycles. Annu Rev Entomol 2023; 68:257-276. [PMID: 36198404 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-120220-101047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Although it is generally more adaptive for insects to produce additional generations than to have longer life cycles, some insects produce one or fewer generations per year (univoltine or semivoltine life cycles, respectively). Some insects with the potential to produce multiple generations per year produce a univoltine life cycle in response to environmental conditions. Obligatory univoltine insects have a single long diapause or multiple diapauses in different seasons. Semivoltine insects have multiple diapauses in different years, a prolonged diapause for more than a year, or diapause controlled by a circannual rhythm. Diapause in these insects greatly varies among species both in the physiological mechanism and in the evolutionary background, and there is no general rule defining it. In this review, we survey the physiological control of univoltine and semivoltine insects' diapause and discuss the adaptive significance of the long life cycles. Although constraints such as slow development are sometimes responsible for these life cycles, the benefits of these life cycles can be explained by bet-hedging in many cases. We also discuss the effect of climate warming on these life cycles as a future area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideharu Numata
- Institute for the Future of Human Society, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan;
| | - Yoshinori Shintani
- Laboratory of Entomology, Department of Environmental and Horticultural Sciences, Minami Kyushu University, Miyakonojo, Japan;
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Lahnsteiner F. Seasonal differences in thermal stress susceptibility of diploid and triploid brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Teleostei, Pisces). J Fish Biol 2022; 101:276-288. [PMID: 35633147 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Many physiological processes of teleost fish show periodicity due to intrinsic rhythms. It may be hypothesized that also susceptibility to thermal stress differs seasonally. To shed more light on this problem the following experiment was conducted. Diploid and triploid Salvelinus fontinalis were kept at an acclimation temperature of 9°C and at a natural photoperiod typical for the Northern Hemisphere during their entire live. During eight different periods of the year, different subgroups were exposed to a 32 day lasting thermal stress of 20°C. Rate of fish maintaining equilibrium, daily growth rate, condition factor, viscerosomatic index and hepato-somatic index were measured. Complementary mRNA expression of genes characterizing growth (GHR1, GHR2), proteolysis (Protreg, Protα5), stress (Hsp47, Hsp90) and respiratory energy metabolism (ATPJ52) was determined. Seasonal differences in thermal stress susceptibility of 2n and 3n S. fontinalis were detected. It was highest from September to December and moderate from January to March. During the remaining period of the year, susceptibility to thermal stress was minimal. Increased thermal stress susceptibility was related to decreased rates of fish maintaining equilibrium, decreased growth rates, reduction of viscera and liver mass and changes in mRNA expression of genes characterizing proteolysis, growth, respiratory energy metabolism and stress. The differences in seasonal stress susceptibility were minor between 2n and 3n S. fontinalis. The data are valuable for ecology and fish culture to identify periods when animals are most susceptible to thermal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Lahnsteiner
- Federal Agency for Water Management, Institute for Water Ecology, Fisheries and Lake Research, Mondsee, Austria
- Fishfarm Kreuzstein, Unterach, Austria
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Kuzmenko NV, Tsyrlin VA, Pliss MG, Galagudza MM. Seasonal variations in levels of human thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroid hormones: a meta-analysis. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:301-317. [PMID: 33535823 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1865394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal dynamics in biological functions of mammals is regulated by melatonin-mediated circannual fluctuations in the secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones. Most anatomical and molecular structures responsive to photoperiod and melatonin secretion changes and the associated receptors are preserved in modern humans. This work aimed to determine the seasonal dynamics of TSH and thyroid hormone levels (total triiodothyronine (T3), free triiodothyronine (FT3), thyroxine (T4), free thyroxine (FT4) and to investigate the dependence of these variations on gender, age and amplitude of meteorological fluctuations. A meta-analysis of 13 panel and 7 cross-sectional studies was performed using Review Manager 5.3 (Cochrane Library). We found that circulating TSH levels were higher in winter than in other seasons, and FT4 levels were higher in autumn than in winter. T4 level had no pronounced seasonal dynamics. The level of circulating T3 was significantly higher in winter than in summer and FT3 levels were lower in summer than in autumn and spring. In addition, analysis of TSH seasonal dynamics (winter vs summer) accounting for gender differences showed pronounced increases in TSH levels during winter in women, but not in men; and also significant increases in FT4 levels during summer in men, but not in women. Seasonal dynamics of FT3 and T4 did not depend on gender. Seasonal dynamics of TSH did not change with respect to age. We also found that the extent of the seasonal dynamics of TSH is influenced by the extent of the annual dynamics of the partial density of oxygen in the air, as well as the magnitude of the annual dynamic of meteorological factors that determine it (atmospheric pressure and relative humidity).
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Kuzmenko
- Department for Experimental Physiology and Pharmacology, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Laboratory of Byophysics of Blood Circulation, First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V A Tsyrlin
- Department for Experimental Physiology and Pharmacology, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M G Pliss
- Department for Experimental Physiology and Pharmacology, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Laboratory of Byophysics of Blood Circulation, First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M M Galagudza
- Department for Experimental Physiology and Pharmacology, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Cambras T, Pardina E, Carmona J, Ricart-Jane D, Minarro A, Ferrer R, Lecube A, Balibrea JM, Caubet E, González O, Vilallonga R, Cuello E, Fort JM, Baena-Fustegueras JA, Díez-Noguera A, Peinado-Onsurbe J. Seasonal variation of body weight loss after bariatric surgery. Chronobiol Int 2019; 36:672-680. [PMID: 30843440 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2019.1580716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal variations have been described in humans in several variables such as sleep, mood, appetite, food preferences, or body weight. We hypothesized that these variations could also influence the decrease in body weight rate in patients submitted to body weight loss interventions. Thus, here we tested the variations of weight loss according to the time of the year the surgery took place in a group patients (n = 1322) submitted to bariatric surgery in the Hospital Universitari de la Vall d'Hebron in Barcelona (geographical coordinates: 41°25'41″N 2°8'32″E). For the analysis, the percentage of total body weight loss (%TWL), excess body weight loss (%EWL) and percentage of body mass index loss (%BMIL) were calculated at 3 (n = 1255), 6 (n = 1172), 9 (n = 1002), and 12 months (n = 1076) after surgery. For %EWL and %BMIL a statistically significant seasonal variation was detected when the variables were calculated at 3 months, but not at the other times, with more weight loss in summer-fall. However, seasonal variations were not detected for %TWL (p = 0.09). The mean amplitude of the seasonal rhythm for %EWL was of 1.8%, while for the rhythm of %BMIL was 0.7%. Moreover, a second peak was detected in January-February modulating the seasonal rhythm of the two variables. Results confirm seasonal variations in humans and indicate that short term responses to weight loss can be modulated by the time of year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinitat Cambras
- a Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences , Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Eva Pardina
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology , Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Julia Carmona
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology , Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - David Ricart-Jane
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology , Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Antonio Minarro
- c Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology , Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Roser Ferrer
- d Department of Biochemistry , Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Albert Lecube
- e Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition , Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital, CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM) , Lleida , Spain
| | - Jose María Balibrea
- f Endocrinology Surgery Unit , Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Enric Caubet
- f Endocrinology Surgery Unit , Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Oscar González
- f Endocrinology Surgery Unit , Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Ramón Vilallonga
- f Endocrinology Surgery Unit , Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Elena Cuello
- g Endocrinology Surgery Unit , Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital (UdL) , Lleida , Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Fort
- f Endocrinology Surgery Unit , Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron , Barcelona , Spain
| | | | - Antoni Díez-Noguera
- a Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences , Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Julia Peinado-Onsurbe
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology , Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
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Cambras T, Pardina E, Carmona J, Ricart-Jané D, Miñarro A, Ferrer R, Lecube A, Balibrea JM, Caubet E, González O, Vilallonga R, Fort JM, Cuello E, Baena-Fustegueras JA, Díez-Noguera A, Peinado-Onsurbe J. Seasonal variations of changes in lipid and glucidic variables after bariatric surgery. Chronobiol Int 2018; 36:250-257. [PMID: 30351989 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1533560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Seasonality is a phenomenon that is characterized by changes over the year in sleep, mood, behaviour, appetite and body weight. In humans, seasonal variations have been found in certain variables, such as lipid variables and body mass index. We hypothesize that this rhythm could influence the expected variation of the levels of biochemical variables in cases of body weight loss. Thus, the goal of this study was to observe whether the time of year in which bariatric surgery (BS) took place modulated the changes in several variables related to glucidic and lipid metabolism. Blood samples were obtained from 24 women and 10 men before BS and 1 and 3 months after BS. We calculated the percentage of variation that occurred for each individual and for each variable as a function of the time of the year. Data were adjusted to a 12-month period sinusoidal curve, with significance being set at p < 0.05. The results showed that almost all of the studied variables changed due to the BS according to a seasonal rhythm. Most of the variables showed a decrease that was most prominent in winter. In the cases of body mass index (BMI), adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH), and cortisol, the highest variation occurred in winter. Insulin and cholesterol in high-density lipoproteins (cHLD) variations were higher in springtime. Glucose variation showed a decrease after surgery with acrophase in summer-fall and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in spring-summer. Ghrelin levels showed increases with a rhythm of variation with an acrophase in summer-fall. The seasonal rhythm found in this study fits nearly with the inverse of the endogenous circannual rhythm of the variables studied. The time of the year when the highest variation takes place is related to the circannual rhythm of the variable. The results agree with the manifestation of seasonal rhythm in human biochemical variables, which are reflected in the responses to weight loss after BS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinitat Cambras
- a Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of pharmacy and Food Sciences , Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Eva Pardina
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Biology Faculty , Barcelona University , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Júlia Carmona
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Biology Faculty , Barcelona University , Barcelona , Spain
| | - David Ricart-Jané
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Biology Faculty , Barcelona University , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Antonio Miñarro
- c Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Biology Faculty , Barcelona University , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Roser Ferrer
- d Department of Biochemistry , Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Albert Lecube
- e Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition , Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital, CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM, Spain) , Lleida , Spain
| | - José María Balibrea
- f Endocrinology Surgery Unit , Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Enric Caubet
- f Endocrinology Surgery Unit , Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Oscar González
- f Endocrinology Surgery Unit , Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Ramón Vilallonga
- f Endocrinology Surgery Unit , Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Fort
- f Endocrinology Surgery Unit , Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Elena Cuello
- g Endocrinology Surgery Unit , Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital (UdL) , Lleida , Spain
| | | | - Antoni Díez-Noguera
- a Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of pharmacy and Food Sciences , Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Julia Peinado-Onsurbe
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Biology Faculty , Barcelona University , Barcelona , Spain
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Hau M, Dominoni D, Casagrande S, Buck CL, Wagner G, Hazlerigg D, Greives T, Hut RA. Timing as a sexually selected trait: the right mate at the right moment. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 372:rstb.2016.0249. [PMID: 28993493 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual selection favours the expression of traits in one sex that attract members of the opposite sex for mating. The nature of sexually selected traits such as vocalization, colour and ornamentation, their fitness benefits as well as their costs have received ample attention in field and laboratory studies. However, sexually selected traits may not always be expressed: coloration and ornaments often follow a seasonal pattern and behaviours may be displayed only at specific times of the day. Despite the widely recognized differences in the daily and seasonal timing of traits and their consequences for reproductive success, the actions of sexual selection on the temporal organization of traits has received only scant attention. Drawing on selected examples from bird and mammal studies, here we summarize the current evidence for the daily and seasonal timing of traits. We highlight that molecular advances in chronobiology have opened exciting new opportunities for identifying the genetic targets that sexual selection may act on to shape the timing of trait expression. Furthermore, known genetic links between daily and seasonal timing mechanisms lead to the hypothesis that selection on one timescale may simultaneously also affect the other. We emphasize that studies on the timing of sexual displays of both males and females from wild populations will be invaluable for understanding the nature of sexual selection and its potential to act on differences within and between the sexes in timing. Molecular approaches will be important for pinpointing genetic components of biological rhythms that are targeted by sexual selection, and to clarify whether these represent core or peripheral components of endogenous clocks. Finally, we call for a renewed integration of the fields of evolution, behavioural ecology and chronobiology to tackle the exciting question of how sexual selection contributes to the evolution of biological clocks.This article is part of the themed issue 'Wild clocks: integrating chronobiology and ecology to understand timekeeping in free-living animals'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Hau
- Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany .,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Davide Dominoni
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - C Loren Buck
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Bioengineering Innovation, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Gabriela Wagner
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT: the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - David Hazlerigg
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT: the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Timothy Greives
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA
| | - Roelof A Hut
- Chronobiology unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
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Vitale JA, Lombardi G, Cavaleri L, Graziani R, Schoenhuber H, Torre AL, Banfi G. Rates of insufficiency and deficiency of vitamin D levels in elite professional male and female skiers: A chronobiologic approach. Chronobiol Int 2017; 35:441-449. [PMID: 29231753 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2017.1410828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D is essential for the maintenance and promotion of musculoskeletal health, for the functioning of the immune, cardiovascular and reproductive systems, and its main action is to keep calcium and phosphate plasmatic physiological concentrations at intestinal, renal and bony level. Vitamin D affects several parameters related to physical performance too and a particularly high percentage of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in professional athletes has been observed. Several variables are able to impair the synthesis of 25(OH)D in athletes, specifically both genetic and environmental factors, but the most probable explanation for the deficient/insufficient vitamin D levels is the insufficient ultraviolet B light (UVB) exposure during winter. To confirm this, the existence of a circannual rhythm of vitamin D in professional soccer players, highlighting a peak in summer and lowest values in winter regardless the period of the season, has been documented. Nonetheless, from what we are aware of, no other study adopted a chronobiologic approach to better understand and describe the circannual variations of serum 25(OH)D in other sport disciplines. Therefore, we studied serum vitamin D in a cohort of top-level professional skiers, during a period of three consecutive competitive seasons (2015, 2016 and 2017), in order to evaluate, with a rhythmometric approach, the vitamin D behavior along the year. The study population was composed by 152 professional Italian alpine skiers of FISI (Winter Sport Italian Federation), 63 females and 89 males (mean age: 24.1 ± 3.2 years) and a total of 298 blood drawings were carried out to determine plasma 25(OH)D. Vitamin D data were compared between genders and then processed with the population mean cosinor tests to evaluate the presence of a circannual rhythm, both for female and male athletes. In total, 77 skiers (50.7%) showed, at least once during the three competitive seasons, an insufficient level of 25(OH)D and other 45 subjects (29.6%) showed a deficient status; no differences were observed between genders (mean for females: 26.9 ± 8.1 ng/mL; mean for males: 27.4 ± 7.6 ng/mL). In addition, the rhythmometric analysis highlighted the existence of a significant circannual rhythm for both female and male professional skiers; the acrophases (Φ) occurred in July and both MESOR (M) and amplitude (A) were comparable between the two groups. Our data indicate that, despite the physical effort spent, vitamin D follows a classical season-associated rhythm with a peak in summer and a nadir in winter. Moreover, the percentage of insufficiency and deficiency is in line with that of the general population. In conclusion, our findings reinforce the hypothesis that there is no direct effect of physical activity on vitamin D metabolism and that the factors involved in the determination of vitamin D levels in the general population are valid also for athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Antonino Vitale
- a Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics , IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi , Milano , Italia
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- b Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology , IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi , Milano , Italia
| | - Luca Cavaleri
- c Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italia
| | - Rosa Graziani
- d Centro Diagnostico Alto-Lombardo (CEDAL) , Gallarate , Italia
| | - Herbert Schoenhuber
- e Sports Traumatology and Arthroscopic Surgery Unit , IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi , Milano , Italia
| | - Antonio La Torre
- c Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italia
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- b Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology , IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi , Milano , Italia.,f Vita-Salute San Raffaele University , Milano , Italia
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Footitt S, Ölçer‐Footitt H, Hambidge AJ, Finch‐Savage WE. A laboratory simulation of Arabidopsis seed dormancy cycling provides new insight into its regulation by clock genes and the dormancy-related genes DOG1, MFT, CIPK23 and PHYA. Plant Cell Environ 2017; 40:1474-1486. [PMID: 28240777 PMCID: PMC5518234 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Environmental signals drive seed dormancy cycling in the soil to synchronize germination with the optimal time of year, a process essential for species' fitness and survival. Previous correlation of transcription profiles in exhumed seeds with annual environmental signals revealed the coordination of dormancy-regulating mechanisms with the soil environment. Here, we developed a rapid and robust laboratory dormancy cycling simulation. The utility of this simulation was tested in two ways: firstly, using mutants in known dormancy-related genes [DELAY OF GERMINATION 1 (DOG1), MOTHER OF FLOWERING TIME (MFT), CBL-INTERACTING PROTEIN KINASE 23 (CIPK23) and PHYTOCHROME A (PHYA)] and secondly, using further mutants, we test the hypothesis that components of the circadian clock are involved in coordination of the annual seed dormancy cycle. The rate of dormancy induction and relief differed in all lines tested. In the mutants, dog1-2 and mft2, dormancy induction was reduced but not absent. DOG1 is not absolutely required for dormancy. In cipk23 and phyA dormancy, induction was accelerated. Involvement of the clock in dormancy cycling was clear when mutants in the morning and evening loops of the clock were compared. Dormancy induction was faster when the morning loop was compromised and delayed when the evening loop was compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Footitt
- School of Life Sciences, Wellesbourne CampusUniversity of WarwickWarwickWarwickshireCV35 9EFUK
| | - Hülya Ölçer‐Footitt
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Evliya Celebi CampusDumlupınar UniversityTR‐43100KütahyaTurkey
| | - Angela J. Hambidge
- School of Life Sciences, Wellesbourne CampusUniversity of WarwickWarwickWarwickshireCV35 9EFUK
| | - William E. Finch‐Savage
- School of Life Sciences, Wellesbourne CampusUniversity of WarwickWarwickWarwickshireCV35 9EFUK
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12
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Abstract
We investigated whether human semen parameters present circannual rhythm or not, and whether environmental factors exert on semen quality. This retrospective study used data of patients mainly from Reproductive Medicine Center and Urology and Andrology Clinic of a general hospital in China. Sperm concentration and motility were measured by computer aided sperm analysis (CASA). Sperm morphology was scored based on the strict criteria (WHO, 2010). The Kruskal-Wallis rank test was used to investigate the relationship between semen parameters and season/month. Partial correlation coefficients were used to analyze the relationship between semen parameters and environmental factors. In this study, we found that sperm concentration and total amount per ejaculate were significantly lower in summer and higher in winter. But, sperm progressive motility and motility were significantly higher in spring and summer (from March to June), lower in autumn and winter (September and October). Unexpectedly, normal sperm morphology and mixed agglutination reaction (MAR) positive rate didn't vary along with season or month. Furthermore, temperature was negatively related to sperm concentration and total amount per ejaculate. Precipitation was positively associated with progressive motility and normal sperm morphology, but negatively related to sperm head defect percentage. The length of sunlight was positively related to progressive motility. The Air Quality Index (AQI) was positively associated with semen volume and sperm total amount per ejaculate. These suggest seasonal and monthly variation underlying some semen parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Mao
- a Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Lei Feng
- b Information Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Wan-Xi Yang
- c The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
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Karagicheva J, Rakhimberdiev E, Dekinga A, Brugge M, Koolhaas A, Ten Horn J, Piersma T. Seasonal Time Keeping in a Long-Distance Migrating Shorebird. J Biol Rhythms 2016; 31:509-21. [PMID: 27466352 DOI: 10.1177/0748730416655929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Because of the complications in achieving the necessary long-term observations and experiments, the nature and adaptive value of seasonal time-keeping mechanisms in long-lived organisms remain understudied. Here we present the results of a 20-year-long study of the repeated seasonal changes in body mass, plumage state, and primary molt of 45 captive red knots Calidris canutus islandica, a High Arctic breeding shorebird that spends the nonbreeding season in temperate coastal areas. Birds kept outdoors and experiencing the natural photoperiod of the nonbreeding area maintained sequences of life-cycle stages, roughly following the timing in nature. For 6 to 8 years, 14 of these birds were exposed to unvarying ambient temperature (12 °C) and photoperiodic conditions (12:12 LD). Under these conditions, for at least 5 years they expressed free-running circannual cycles of body mass, plumage state, and wing molt. The circannual cycles of the free-running traits gradually became longer than 12 months, but at different rates. The prebreeding events (onset and offset of prealternate molt and the onset of spring body mass increase) occurred at the same time of the year as in the wild population for 1 or several cycles. As a result, after 4 years in 12:12 LD, the circannual cycles of prealternate plumage state had drifted less than the cycles of prebasic plumage state and wing molt. As the onset of body mass gain drifted less than the offset, the period of high body mass became longer under unvarying conditions. We see these differences between the prebreeding and postbreeding life-cycle stages as evidence for adaptive seasonal time keeping in red knots: the life-cycle stages linked to the initiation of reproduction rely mostly on endogenous oscillators, whereas the later stages rather respond to environmental conditions. Postbreeding stages are also prone to carryover effects from the earlier stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Karagicheva
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems and Utrecht University, Den Burg, Texel, the Netherlands
| | - Eldar Rakhimberdiev
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems and Utrecht University, Den Burg, Texel, the Netherlands Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anne Dekinga
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems and Utrecht University, Den Burg, Texel, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten Brugge
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems and Utrecht University, Den Burg, Texel, the Netherlands
| | - Anita Koolhaas
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems and Utrecht University, Den Burg, Texel, the Netherlands
| | - Job Ten Horn
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems and Utrecht University, Den Burg, Texel, the Netherlands
| | - Theunis Piersma
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems and Utrecht University, Den Burg, Texel, the Netherlands Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Yamanaka T, Cornélissen G, Kazuma M, Kazuma N, Murakami S, Otsuka K, Siegelová J, Dušek J, Sosíková M, Halberg F. FURTHER MAPPING OF THE NATALITY CHRONOME IN TODA CITY (JAPAN) MATERNITY HOSPITAL. Scr Med (Brno) 2005; 78:99-106. [PMID: 18978949 PMCID: PMC2575821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to investigate any circannual and/or circaseptan variations in birth incidence and birth weight in Toda City (Japan), data on 4,411 consecutive births were obtained from the city's Maternity Hospital between 1 Jan 1999 and 31 Dec 2001. Data were analysed by cosinor separately for babies with birth weights in given ranges, and separately for boys and girls born at different gestational ages. A circannual rhythm was detected with statistical significance (P=0.047) for birth incidence of all vaginal deliveries, with an acrophase in the fall. A similar result for caesarean sections was of borderline statistical significance. A circaseptan component with a relatively consistent acrophase around midweek was of borderline statistical significance for birth incidence in some of the groups investigated. About-yearly and about-weekly variations were also found to characterize birth weight in some of the groups investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yamanaka
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Daini Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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