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Tomita K, Kuwahara Y, Igarashi K, Roudkenar MH, Roushandeh AM, Kurimasa A, Sato T. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Diseases, Longevity, and Treatment Resistance: Tuning Mitochondria Function as a Therapeutic Strategy. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1348. [PMID: 34573330 DOI: 10.3390/genes12091348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are very important intracellular organelles because they have various functions. They produce ATP, are involved in cell signaling and cell death, and are a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitochondria have their own DNA (mtDNA) and mutation of mtDNA or change the mtDNA copy numbers leads to disease, cancer chemo/radioresistance and aging including longevity. In this review, we discuss the mtDNA mutation, mitochondrial disease, longevity, and importance of mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer first. In the later part, we particularly focus on the role in cancer resistance and the mitochondrial condition such as mtDNA copy number, mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS levels, and ATP production. We suggest a therapeutic strategy employing mitochondrial transplantation (mtTP) for treatment-resistant cancer.
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Tomita K, Nagasawa T, Kuwahara Y, Torii S, Igarashi K, Roudkenar MH, Roushandeh AM, Kurimasa A, Sato T. MiR-7-5p Is Involved in Ferroptosis Signaling and Radioresistance Thru the Generation of ROS in Radioresistant HeLa and SAS Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158300. [PMID: 34361070 PMCID: PMC8348045 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In cancer therapy, radioresistance or chemoresistance cells are major problems. We established clinically relevant radioresistant (CRR) cells that can survive over 30 days after 2 Gy/day X-ray exposures. These cells also show resistance to anticancer agents and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). We have previously demonstrated that all the CRR cells examined had up-regulated miR-7-5p and after miR-7-5p knockdown, they lost radioresistance. However, the mechanism of losing radioresistance remains to be elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the role of miR-7-5p in radioresistance by knockdown of miR-7-5p using CRR cells. As a result, knockdown of miR-7-5p increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, and intracellular Fe2+ amount. Furthermore, miR-7-5p knockdown results in the down-regulation of the iron storage gene expression such as ferritin, up-regulation of the ferroptosis marker ALOX12 gene expression, and increases of Liperfluo amount. H2O2 treatment after ALOX12 overexpression led to the enhancement of intracellular H2O2 amount and lipid peroxidation. By contrast, miR-7-5p knockdown seemed not to be involved in COX-2 and glycolysis signaling but affected the morphology of CRR cells. These results indicate that miR-7-5p control radioresistance via ROS generation that leads to ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Tomita
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima-City 890-8544, Kagoshima, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.K.); (K.I.); (M.H.R.); (A.M.R.); (T.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-99-275-6162
| | - Taisuke Nagasawa
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima-City 890-8544, Kagoshima, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.K.); (K.I.); (M.H.R.); (A.M.R.); (T.S.)
| | - Yoshikazu Kuwahara
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima-City 890-8544, Kagoshima, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.K.); (K.I.); (M.H.R.); (A.M.R.); (T.S.)
- Division of Radiation Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai-City 983-8536, Miyagi, Japan;
| | - Seiji Torii
- Center for Food Science and Wellness, Gunma University, Maebashi-City 371-8510, Gunma, Japan;
| | - Kento Igarashi
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima-City 890-8544, Kagoshima, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.K.); (K.I.); (M.H.R.); (A.M.R.); (T.S.)
| | - Mehryar Habibi Roudkenar
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima-City 890-8544, Kagoshima, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.K.); (K.I.); (M.H.R.); (A.M.R.); (T.S.)
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Velayat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht 41937-13194, Iran
| | - Amaneh Mohammadi Roushandeh
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima-City 890-8544, Kagoshima, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.K.); (K.I.); (M.H.R.); (A.M.R.); (T.S.)
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Velayat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht 41937-13194, Iran
| | - Akihiro Kurimasa
- Division of Radiation Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai-City 983-8536, Miyagi, Japan;
| | - Tomoaki Sato
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima-City 890-8544, Kagoshima, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.K.); (K.I.); (M.H.R.); (A.M.R.); (T.S.)
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