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Mondia MWL, Kritselis MA, Donahue JE, Elinzano H, Sarangi S, Bryant D, Capelletti M, Korn WM, Yu E, Yan S, Toms SA, Wong ET. Dimorphic glioblastoma with glial and epithelioid phenotypes: Clonal evolution and immune selection. Front Neurol 2023; 13:1017087. [PMID: 36703629 PMCID: PMC9871816 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1017087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Epithelioid glioblastoma is an unusual histologic variant of malignant glioma. The present study investigates both the genomic and transcriptomic determinants that may promote the development of this tumor. Methods Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and whole-transcriptome sequencing (WTS) were performed on an epithelioid glioblastoma, along with a specific bioinformatic pipeline to generate electronic karyotyping and investigate the tumor immune microenvironment. Microdissected sections containing typical glioblastoma features and epithelioid morphology were analyzed separately using the same methodologies. Results An epithelioid glioblastoma, with immunopositivity for GFAP, Olig-2, and ATRX but negative for IDH-1 and p53, was identified. The tumor cell content from microdissection was estimated to be 85-90% for both histologic tumor components. WES revealed that both glioma and epithelioid sections contained identical point mutations in PTEN, RB1, TERT promoter, and TP53. Electronic karyotype analysis also revealed similar chromosomal copy number alterations, but the epithelioid component showed additional abnormalities that were not found in the glioblastoma component. The tumor immune microenvironments were strikingly different and WTS revealed high levels of transcripts from myeloid cells as well as M1 and M2 macrophages in the glioma section, while transcripts from CD4+ lymphocytes and NK cells predominated in the epithelioid section. Conclusion Epithelioid glioblastoma may be genomically more unstable and oncogenically more advanced, harboring an increased number of mutations and karyotype abnormalities, compared to typical glioblastomas. The tumor immune microenvironment is also different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Willy L. Mondia
- Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Michael A. Kritselis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - John E. Donahue
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Heinrich Elinzano
- Department of Neurology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Sasmit Sarangi
- Department of Neurology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | | | | | | | - Esther Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Sherry Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Steven A. Toms
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Eric T. Wong
- Department of Neurology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States,Department of Neurosurgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States,*Correspondence: Eric T. Wong ✉
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