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Xu DX, Zhao YM, Chen HX, Lu ZY, Tian YF, Xin S, Li G, Guo YG. Reduced Volume Expansion of Micron-Sized SiO x via Closed-Nanopore Structure Constructed by Mg-Induced Elemental Segregation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202401973. [PMID: 38520059 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
The inherently huge volume expansion during Li uptake has hindered the use of Si-based anodes in high-energy lithium-ion batteries. While some pore-forming and nano-architecting strategies show promises to effectively buffer the volume change, other parameters essential for practical electrode fabrication, such as compaction density, are often compromised. Here we propose a new in situ Mg doping strategy to form closed-nanopore structure into a micron-sized SiOx particle at a high bulk density. The doped Mg atoms promote the segregation of O, so that high-density magnesium silicates form to generate closed nanopores. By altering the mass content of Mg dopant, the average radii (ranged from 5.4 to 9.7 nm) and porosities (ranged from 1.4 % to 15.9 %) of the closed pores are precisely adjustable, which accounts for volume expansion of SiOx from 77.8 % to 22.2 % at the minimum. Benefited from the small volume variation, the Mg-doped micron-SiOx anode demonstrates improved Li storage performance towards realization of a 700-(dis)charge-cycle, 11-Ah-pouch-type cell at a capacity retention of >80 %. This work offers insights into reasonable design of the internal structure of micron-sized SiOx and other materials that undergo conversion or alloying reactions with drastic volume change, to enable high-energy batteries with stable electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di-Xin Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Ming Zhao
- Beijing iAmetal New Energy Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Han-Xian Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo-Ya Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Fan Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Sen Xin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ge Li
- Beijing iAmetal New Energy Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Guo Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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