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Bampidis V, Azimonti G, Bastos MDL, Christensen H, Durjava M, Dusemund B, Kouba M, López‐Alonso M, López Puente S, Marcon F, Mayo B, Pechová A, Petkova M, Ramos F, Villa RE, Woutersen R, Aquilina G, Galobart J, Holczknecht O, Manini P, Vettori MV, Pizzo F. Assessment of the feed additive consisting of Patent Blue V for all non-food-producing animal species for the renewal of its authorisation (Versele-Laga NV). EFSA J 2024; 22:e8722. [PMID: 38585216 PMCID: PMC10995816 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of Patent Blue V as a sensory feed additive for non-food-producing animals. The additive is already authorised for use with non-food-producing animals. The applicant has not provided evidence that the additive currently on the market complies with the existing conditions of authorisation. The FEEDAP Panel cannot conclude whether the additive remains safe for the target species due to the non-compliance with the specifications and the lack of adequate data on the potential aneugenicity of the additive. In the absence of data, the FEEDAP Panel cannot conclude on the potential of the additive to be a dermal and eye irritant nor a dermal and respiratory sensitiser. Since the potential genotoxicity of the additive was not ruled out, the exposure to the additive of the unprotected users should be minimised. The Panel retains that the previously made conclusion on the efficacy remains valid.
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Khademi F, Rassouli M, Rafiei F, Moayedi S, Torres M, Marzban N, Haji E, Golitaleb M. The effect of mandala colouring on anxiety in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2021; 30 Suppl 1:1437-1444. [PMID: 34143568 PMCID: PMC8447083 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 significantly affects patients' mental health, triggering a wide range of psychological disorders, including anxiety. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mandala colouring on the anxiety of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 70 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were randomly divided between the intervention and control groups. Standard care was provided for both groups. The intervention group spent 30 min/day for six consecutive days performing mandala colouring. Patient anxiety was measured prior and subsequent to the intervention in both groups using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Data were analysed using SPSS software version 25. The mean anxiety score was not significantly different between the two groups before the intervention (P = 0.08). Subsequent to the intervention, the mean anxiety score in the intervention and control groups was 44.05 ± 4.67 and 67.85 ± 6.25, respectively, indicating a statistically significant (P = 0.0001) decrease in the anxiety measured among the intervention group as compared with that of the control group. The results of this study show that 30 min of mandala colouring daily is an effective strategy for reducing anxiety in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Mandala colouring can complement routine treatment and provides a non-pharmaceutical option for decreasing patient anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Khademi
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Maryam Rassouli
- Pediatric Nursing Department, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rafiei
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Scientific Research Center, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Moayedi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mercedes Torres
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Negin Marzban
- Ayatollah Khansari Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Ensieh Haji
- Amir-al-Momenin Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mohamad Golitaleb
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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Li Q, Chen P, Dai S, Sun Y, Yuan B, Kai W, Pei Y, He S, Liang B, Zhang Y, Leng P. PacCYP707A2 negatively regulates cherry fruit ripening while PacCYP707A1 mediates drought tolerance. J Exp Bot 2015; 66:3765-74. [PMID: 25956880 PMCID: PMC4473978 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Sweet cherry is a non-climacteric fruit and its ripening is regulated by abscisic acid (ABA) during fruit development. In this study, four cDNAs (PacCYP707A1-4) encoding 8'-hydroxylase, a key enzyme in the oxidative catabolism of ABA, were identified in sweet cherry fruits using tobacco rattle virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) and particle bombardment approaches. Quantitative real-time PCR confirmed significant down-regulation of target gene transcripts in VIGS-treated cherry fruits. In PacCYP707A2-RNAi-treated fruits, ripening and fruit colouring were promoted relative to control fruits, and both ABA accumulation and PacNCED1 transcript levels were up-regulated by 140%. Silencing of PacCYP707A2 by VIGS significantly altered the transcripts of both ABA-responsive and ripening-related genes, including the ABA metabolism-associated genes NCED and CYP707A, the anthocyanin synthesis genes PacCHS, PacCHI, PacF3H, PacDFR, PacANS, and PacUFGT, the ethylene biosynthesis gene PacACO1, and the transcription factor PacMYBA. The promoter of PacMYBA responded more strongly to PacCYP707A2-RNAi-treated fruits than to PacCYP707A1-RNAi-treated fruits. By contrast, silencing of PacCYP707A1 stimulated a slight increase in fruit colouring and enhanced resistance to dehydration stress compared with control fruits. These results suggest that PacCYP707A2 is a key regulator of ABA catabolism that functions as a negative regulator of fruit ripening, while PacCYP707A1 regulates ABA content in response to dehydration during fruit development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Pei Chen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Shengjie Dai
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yufei Sun
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Bing Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University BouleVard, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Wenbin Kai
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yuelin Pei
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Suihuan He
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Bin Liang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yushu Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University BouleVard, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ping Leng
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
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