Berges P, Schrader B, Vaske B, Bohling A, Lüders S, Elsässer A, Schrader J. [Influence of the Corona pandemic on cardiovascular risk factors - Data from 1775 participants of the ELITE study before and during the Corona pandemic].
Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2024;
149:e11-e18. [PMID:
37995721 PMCID:
PMC10805539 DOI:
10.1055/a-2201-6772]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND
The COVID-19 pandemic and its interventions have led to a deficit in medical care and changes in people's lifestyles, which has consequently changed cardio- and cerebrovascular primary and secondary prevention. The existing data are mainly based on surveys. In addition to the problem of the accuracy of self-assessments, the pandemic per se and the massive public reporting may have biased the data.Only a few publications have compared data collected before the pandemic with results during the pandemic. The ELITE study has regularly monitored risk factors (RF) and psychosocial parameters (stress, depression, well-being, diet, brain performance, exercise) in over 5000 participants for years. From this study, data were analyzed from 1775 individuals collected before the onset and again during the pandemic (06/05/2020-25/01/2022). Thus, baseline values were unaffected by the pandemic.
RESULTS
As expected, both improvements and worsening of the collected parameters were found. Blood pressure and depressive symptoms worsened significantly more often, with women more frequently affected. Weight and stress levels also increased more often than they improved. Only physical activity showed a slight increase. 24.1 % showed only deteriorations and no improvements in these parameters. In contrast, 19.6 % showed improvements exclusively. In the group with only worsening, there was a significant increase in individuals with the risk factors (RF) hypertension, obesity, elevated LDL cholesterol, nicotine, and diabetes mellitus. This resulted in an increase in individuals with 2 or more RF. In contrast, the number of individuals with 2 and more RF decreased in the group with only improvements. Strikingly, individuals with risk factors improved more frequently.
CONCLUSION
A not insignificant part of the population experienced significant worsening of RF during the pandemic. This particularly affected blood pressure and depressive symptoms, and more often women.
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