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Xu Q, Dong X, Huang W, Li Z, Huang T, Song Z, Yang Y, Chen J. Evaluating the Effect of Deficit Irrigation on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Drip Irrigation Cotton under Film in Xinjiang Based on Meta-Analysis. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:640. [PMID: 38475485 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Water scarcity constrains the sustainable development of Chinese agriculture, and deficit irrigation as a new irrigation technology can effectively alleviate the problems of water scarcity and water use inefficiency in agriculture. In this study, the drip irrigation cotton field under film in Xinjiang was taken as the research object. Meta-analysis and machine learning were used to quantitatively analyze the effects of different farm management practices, climate, and soil conditions on cotton yield and water use efficiency under deficit irrigation, to investigate the importance of the effects of different factors on cotton yield and water use efficiency, and to formulate appropriate optimization strategies. The results showed that deficit irrigation significantly increased cotton water use efficiency (7.39%) but decreased cotton yield (-15.00%) compared with full irrigation. All three deficit irrigation levels (80~100% FI, 60~80% FI, and 40~60% FI; FI: full irrigation) showed a significant decrease in cotton yield and a significant increase in water use efficiency. Under deficit irrigation, cotton yield reduction was the smallest and cotton water use efficiency increased the most when planted with one film, two tubes, a six-row cropping pattern, an irrigation frequency ≥10 times, a nitrogen application of 300~400 kg·ha-1, and a crop density ≥240,000 per hectare, and planted with the Xinluzhong series of cotton varieties; deficit irrigation in areas with average annual temperature >10 °C, annual evapotranspiration >2000 mm, annual precipitation <60 mm, and with loam, sandy soil had the least inhibition of cotton yield and the greatest increase in cotton water use efficiency. The results of the random forest showed that the irrigation amount and nitrogen application had the greatest influence on cotton yield and water use efficiency. Rational irrigation based on optimal management practices under conditions of irrigation not less than 90% FI is expected to achieve a win-win situation for both cotton yield and water use efficiency. The above results can provide the best strategy for deficit irrigation and efficient water use in drip irrigation cotton under film in arid areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xu
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
| | - Xiaomei Dong
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
| | - Weixiong Huang
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Quality and Health, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
| | - Tongtong Huang
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
| | - Zaijin Song
- Research Office, Beijing City University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
| | - Jinsai Chen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Iqbal A, Jing N, Qiang D, Kayoumu M, Wang X, Gui H, Zhang H, Xiling Z, Meizhen S. Genotypic variation in carbon and nitrogen metabolism in the cotton subtending leaves and seed cotton yield under various nitrogen levels. J Sci Food Agric 2023; 103:2602-2617. [PMID: 36571565 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitrogen (N) is the key nutrient required for high cotton production; however, its excessive use can increase the cost of production and environmental problems. Reducing the application of N while sustaining the yield is an important issue to be solved. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the genotypic variations in subtending leaf physiology and its contribution to seed cotton yield of contrasting N-efficient cotton genotypes under various N levels in pot and field conditions. RESULTS The results showed that the application of N increased the enzymatic activities related to carbon (C) and N metabolisms. Under the same N level, the C/N metabolisms of the N-efficient genotypes were significantly higher than N-inefficient genotypes, indicating a strong N assimilation and photoassimilation ability in N-efficient genotypes, especially under low N level. Moreover, the antioxidant enzymatic activities were significantly higher, whereas malondialdehyde content was lower in N-efficient cotton genotypes than in N-inefficient ones. Therefore, N-efficient cotton genotypes showed strong resistance, higher C/N metabolisms, and provided sufficient dry matter for boll development. As a result, the yield, N use efficiency, and value cost ratio of the N-efficient cotton genotypes were higher than in the N-inefficient genotypes. CONCLUSION It was confirmed that the higher C/N metabolisms in the cotton subtending leaves of N-efficient cotton genotypes could support higher seed cotton yield under relatively low N application. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Iqbal
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Niu Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Anyang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Dong Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mirezhatijiang Kayoumu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiangru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, China
| | - Huiping Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hengheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhang Xiling
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, China
| | - Song Meizhen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, China
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He P, Li J, Yu S, Ma T, Ding J, Zhang F, Chen K, Guo S, Peng S. Soil Moisture Regulation under Mulched Drip Irrigation Influences the Soil Salt Distribution and Growth of Cotton in Southern Xinjiang, China. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:791. [PMID: 36840139 PMCID: PMC9964176 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Water deficiency, together with soil salinization, has been seriously restricting sustainable agriculture around the globe for a long time. Optimal soil moisture regulation contributes to the amelioration of soil water and salinity for crops, which is favorable for plant production. A field experiment with five soil water lower limit levels (T1: 85% FC, T2: 75% FC, T3: 65% FC, T4: 55% FC, and T5: 45% FC, where FC is the field capacity) was conducted in southern Xinjiang in 2018 to investigate the responses of soil water-salt dynamics and cotton performance to soil moisture regulation strategies. The results indicated that in the horizontal direction, the farther away the drip irrigation belt, the lower the soil moisture content and the greater the soil salinity. In the vertical direction, the soil moisture and soil salinity increased first and then decreased with an increase in soil depth after irrigation, and the distribution was similar to an ellipse. Moreover, the humid perimeter of soil water and the leaching range of soil salt increased with a decrease in the soil moisture lower limit. Though more soil salt was leached out for the T5 treatment at the flowering stage due to the higher single irrigation amount, soil salinity increased again at the boll setting stage owing to the long irrigation interval. After the cotton was harvested, soil salt accumulated in the 0-100 cm layer and the accumulation amount followed T3 > T5 > T1 > T2 > T4. Moreover, with a decline of soil moisture lower limit, both plant height and nitrogen uptake decreased significantly while the shoot-root ratio increased. Compared with the yield (7233.2 kg·hm-2) and water use efficiency (WUE, 1.27 kg·m-3) of the T1 treatment, the yield for the T2 treatment only decreased by 1.21%, while the WUE increased by 10.24%. Synthetically, considering the cotton yield, water-nitrogen use efficiency, and soil salt accumulation, the soil moisture lower limit of 75% FC is recommended for cotton cultivation in southern Xinjiang, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingru He
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jingang Li
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Shuang’en Yu
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Tao Ma
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jihui Ding
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Fucang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Kaiwen Chen
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Shuaishuai Guo
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Suhan Peng
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
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Zeng J, Yan X, Bai W, Zhang M, Chen Y, Li X, Hou L, Zhao J, Ding X, Liu R, Wang F, Ren H, Zhang J, Ding B, Liu H, Xiao Y, Pei Y. Carpel-specific down-regulation of GhCKXs in cotton significantly enhances seed and fiber yield. J Exp Bot 2022; 73:6758-6772. [PMID: 35792654 PMCID: PMC9629787 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cytokinin is considered to be an important driver of seed yield. To increase the yield of cotton while avoiding the negative consequences caused by constitutive overproduction of cytokinin, we down-regulated specifically the carpel genes for cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX), a key negative regulator of cytokinin levels, in transgenic cotton. The carpel-specific down-regulation of CKXs significantly enhanced cytokinin levels in the carpels. The elevated cytokinin promoted the expression of carpel- and ovule-development-associated genes, GhSTK2, GhAG1, and GhSHP, boosting ovule formation and thus producing more seeds in the ovary. Field experiments showed that the carpel-specific increase of cytokinin significantly increased both seed yield and fiber yield of cotton, without resulting in detrimental phenotypes. Our study details the regulatory mechanism of cytokinin signaling for seed development, and provides an effective and feasible strategy for yield improvement of seed crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyan Zeng
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xingying Yan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Wenqin Bai
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xianbi Li
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Lei Hou
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Ding
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Ruochen Liu
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Fanlong Wang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Hui Ren
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Bo Ding
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Haoru Liu
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yuehua Xiao
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
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Feng W, Li X, Dong H, Qin Y, Sun M, Shao J, Zheng C, Li P. Fruits-Based Critical Nitrogen Dilution Curve for Diagnosing Nitrogen Status in Cotton. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:801968. [PMID: 35154221 PMCID: PMC8831891 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.801968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Estimating the precise nutritional status of crop nitrogen (N) after flowering period is not only important to predict deficiency but the excess that could be revised by fertilization in future crops. Critical N dilution curves describing the critical N concentration ([N]c) in plant tissues during crop growth have been used to estimate the N status of whole plants in cotton. Little is known, however, about the critical N dilution curve for specific plant organs such as cotton fruits. The objective of this study was to verify the feasibility of fruits-based critical N dilution curve as a useful diagnostic tool for diagnosing the N status of cotton crops. A 3-year field experiment was conducted with seven N application rates (0-360 kg N ha-1) using the high-yielding cultivars Jimian 228 and Lumian 28, which differ in maturity. The relationship between fruits dry mass (DM) and N concentration ([N]) was analyzed, and a model of [N]c for cotton fruits was constructed and validated. The results showed that fruits [N]c decreased with increasing fruits DM. The critical N dilution curve based on cotton fruits was described by the equation [N]c = 2.49 × DM-0.12 (R 2 = 0.649, P < 0.0001) across cultivar-years. The N nutrition index (NNI) of the fruits (NNIf) with the N dilution curve was significantly related to the NNI of shoot DM, relative yield (RY), and boll density at most sampling dates. For an NNIf of approximately 1, the RY was nearly 95%, while it decreased with a decreasing NNIf below 1. The petiole nitrate-N (NO3-N) concentration was also linearly related to the NNIf, suggesting that the NO3-N concentration in the petiole was a good predictor of the NNIf. Therefore, fruits-based critical N dilution curve and the derived NNIf values will serve as a useful diagnostic tool for diagnosing N status in cotton crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Helin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yukun Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Cotton Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang, China
| | - Miao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Jingjing Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Cangsong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
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6
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Geng J, Yang X, Huo X, Chen J, Lei S, Li H, Lang Y, Liu Q. Determination of the Best Controlled-Release Potassium Chloride and Fulvic Acid Rates for an Optimum Cotton Yield and Soil Available Potassium. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:562335. [PMID: 33312183 PMCID: PMC7704429 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.562335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Potassium and fulvic acid (FA) fertilizer applications are two important measures for improving cotton growth. However, there are few studies on the application interactive effects of controlled-release potassium chloride (CRK) in combination with FA on cotton production. To explore the effects of CRK combined with FA on cotton, field experiments were conducted in 2018 and 2019 using a split-plot design. The main plots were assigned to two types of potassium fertilizer - controlled-release potassium chloride (CRK) and potassium sulfate (KS) - while low, moderate, and high FA application rates (90, 180, and 270 kg ha-1) were assigned to the subplots. The cotton yield, fiber quality, net profit, soil available potassium concentration, potassium use efficiency, and leaf photosynthesis were markedly affected by potassium fertilizer and FA. The cotton boll number and boll weight in the 2 years and the yield in 2019 were all affected by the interaction between potassium fertilizer and FA. Compared to the other potassium treatments, the CRK × FA180 treatment increased the seed yield and net profit by 4.29-14.92% and 13.72-62.30%, respectively, over the 2 years. The potassium agronomy efficiency and potassium recovery efficiency (KRE) of the CRK × FA180 treatment were also improved by 6.25-30.77% and 3.82-12.78% compared to those of the other potassium treatments. Overall, the FA180 treatment resulted in better cotton growth than that in the FA90 and FA270 treatments. The release period of CRK in the field during the growth period of cotton was longer than that detected by 25°C static water extraction, which increased the soil available potassium content and met the potassium demands over the whole cotton growth period. Therefore, the application of CRK in combination with 180 kg ha-1 FA is the best choice for cotton fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibiao Geng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Nutrition Resources Integrated Utilization, College of Agriculture and Forestry Science/Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Xiuyi Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Nutrition Resources Integrated Utilization, College of Agriculture and Forestry Science/Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Xianqi Huo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Nutrition Resources Integrated Utilization, College of Agriculture and Forestry Science/Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Jianqiu Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Nutrition Resources Integrated Utilization, College of Agriculture and Forestry Science/Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, China
- Kingenta Ecological Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Linshu, China
| | - Shutong Lei
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Nutrition Resources Integrated Utilization, College of Agriculture and Forestry Science/Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Hui Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Nutrition Resources Integrated Utilization, College of Agriculture and Forestry Science/Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Ying Lang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Nutrition Resources Integrated Utilization, College of Agriculture and Forestry Science/Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Qianjin Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Nutrition Resources Integrated Utilization, College of Agriculture and Forestry Science/Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, China
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7
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Esquivel IL, Coulson RN, Brewer MJ. A Native Bee, Melissodes tepaneca (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Benefits Cotton Production. Insects 2020; 11:E487. [PMID: 32752142 DOI: 10.3390/insects11080487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The cotton agroecosystem is one of the most intensely managed, economically and culturally important cropping systems worldwide. Native pollinators are essential in providing pollination services to a diverse array of crops, including those which have the ability to self-pollinate. Cotton, which is autogamous, can potentially benefit from insect-mediated pollination services provided by native bees within the agroecosystem. Examined through two replicated experiments over two years, we hypothesized that native bees facilitated cross-pollination, which resulted in increased lint of harvested bolls produced by flowers exposed to bees and overall lint weight yield of the plant. Cotton bolls from flowers that were caged and exposed to bees, flowers that were hand-crossed, and bolls from flowers on uncaged plants exposed to pollinators had higher pre-gin weights and post-gin weights than bolls from flowers of caged plants excluded from pollinators. When cotton plants were caged with the local native bee Melissodes tepaneca, seed cotton weight was 0.8 g higher on average in 2018 and 1.18 g higher on average in 2019 than when cotton plants were excluded from bees. Cotton production gains from flowers exposed to M. tepaneca were similar when measuring lint and seed separately. Cotton flowers exposed over two weeks around the middle of the blooming period resulted in an overall yield gain of 12% to 15% on a whole plant basis and up to 24% from bolls produced from flowers exposed directly to M. tepaneca. This information complements cotton-mediated conservation benefits provided to native pollinators by substantiating native bee-mediated pollination services provided to the cotton agroecosystem.
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Guo K, Li Z, Tian H, Du X, Liu Z, Huang H, Wang P, Ye Z, Zhang X, Tu L. Cytosolic Ascorbate Peroxidases Plays a Critical Role in Photosynthesis by Modulating Reactive Oxygen Species Level in Stomatal Guard Cell. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:446. [PMID: 32457767 PMCID: PMC7221183 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic rate is one of the key factors limiting yield of cotton. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by abiotic stress imposes numerous detrimental effects and causes tremendous loss of yield. It is worth to study whether ROS scavenging enzymes could affect yield through regulating photosynthetic rate in cotton. In this study, we created transgenic cotton with changes of endogenous ROS by overexpressing or suppressing the expression of cytosolic ascorbate peroxidases (APXs), which are hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging enzymes in plants. The suppression of cytosolic APXs by RNAi brings about a great influence on plant growth and development. Plant height and leaf size declined, and yield-related traits including single boll weight, seed weight, seed size, and lint weight dropped significantly, in IAO lines (cytosolic APX-suppressed lines). The stunted plant growth was due to the decrease of plant photosynthetic rate. The evidences showed that increased ROS level in guard cells inhibited stomatal opening and suppressed the absorption of CO2 and H2O in IAO line. The decrease of water content and the increase of water loss rate in leaf exacerbated the decline of photosynthetic rate in cytosolic APX-suppressed lines. Based on these results, it implies that cytosolic APXs as a whole play an important role in maintaining REDOX balance to regulate photosynthetic rate and yield in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhonghua Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanxue Tian
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueqiong Du
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengxiu Ye
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Cui YS, Wang F, Sun JS, Han QS, Wang JL, Li N. [Effects of irrigation regimes on the variation of soil water and salt and yield of mechanically harvested cotton in Southern Xinjiang, China]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2018; 29:3634-3642. [PMID: 30460810 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201811.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The expansion of soil salinization area is a threat to cotton production in Southern Xinjiang. How to control soil salt accumulation by developing precise irrigation strategy is currently a hot topic for the film mulching drip-irrigated cotton field. With aims for soil quality improvement and high yield, we investigated the effects of irrigation regimes on soil water and salt distribution, yield and fiber quality in major cotton production area of Southern Xinjiang. Results showed that the increase of irrigation amount contributed to a higher cotton photosynthetic product accumulation, but had no significant effect on the ratio of reproductive organs to total biomass. The degree of soil desa-lination had a positive correlation with the irrigation quotas. When the seasonal total irrigation amount exceeded 2577.83 m3·hm-2, soil salinization would not deteriorate. Irrigation amount had significant effect on WUEI, but had no effect on fiber quality. With the increasing of irrigation amount, cotton yield increased first and then decreased. In conclusion, applying 4200 m3·hm-2 seasonal irrigation amount in total and 7 d and 5 d irrigation interval for the budding and flowering stage respectively could be a suitable irrigation regime for mechanically-harvested cotton in the arid area of Southern Xinjiang.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Sheng Cui
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Water Requirement and Regulation, Xinxiang 453002, Henan, China.,Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Water Requirement and Regulation, Xinxiang 453002, Henan, China
| | - Jing Sheng Sun
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Water Requirement and Regulation, Xinxiang 453002, Henan, China
| | - Qi Sheng Han
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Water Requirement and Regulation, Xinxiang 453002, Henan, China
| | - Jing Lei Wang
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Water Requirement and Regulation, Xinxiang 453002, Henan, China
| | - Nan Li
- Tarim University, Alaer 843300, Xinjiang, China
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10
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Zhang H, Khan A, Tan DKY, Luo H. Rational Water and Nitrogen Management Improves Root Growth, Increases Yield and Maintains Water Use Efficiency of Cotton under Mulch Drip Irrigation. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:912. [PMID: 28611817 PMCID: PMC5447759 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a need to optimize water-nitrogen (N) applications to increase seed cotton yield and water use efficiency (WUE) under a mulch drip irrigation system. This study evaluated the effects of four water regimes [moderate drip irrigation from the third-leaf to the boll-opening stage (W1), deficit drip irrigation from the third-leaf to the flowering stage and sufficient drip irrigation thereafter (W2), pre-sowing and moderate drip irrigation from the third-leaf to the boll-opening stage (W3), pre-sowing and deficit drip irrigation from the third-leaf to the flowering stage and sufficient drip irrigation thereafter (W4)] and N fertilizer at a rate of 520 kg ha-1 in two dressing ratios [7:3 (N1), 2:8 (N2)] on cotton root morpho-physiological attributes, yield, WUE and the relationship between root distribution and dry matter production. Previous investigations have shown a strong correlation between root activity and water consumption in the 40-120 cm soil layer. The W3 and especially W4 treatments significantly increased root length density (RLD), root volume density (RVD), root mass density (RMD), and root activity in the 40-120 cm soil layer. Cotton RLD, RVD, RMD was decreased by 13.1, 13.3, and 20.8%, respectively, in N2 compared with N1 at 70 days after planting (DAP) in the 0-40 cm soil layer. However, root activity in the 40-120 cm soil layer at 140 DAP was 31.6% higher in N2 than that in N1. Total RMD, RLD and root activity in the 40-120 cm soil were significantly and positively correlated with shoot dry weight. RLD and root activity in the 40-120 cm soil layer was highest in the W4N2 treatments. Therefore increased water consumption in the deep soil layers resulted in increased shoot dry weight, seed cotton yield and WUE. Our data can be used to develop a water-N management strategy for optimal cotton yield and high WUE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhi Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi UniversityShihezi, China
- Research Institute of Nuclear and Biological Technologies, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesUrumqi, China
| | - Aziz Khan
- The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi UniversityShihezi, China
| | - Daniel K. Y. Tan
- Faculty of Science, Plant Breeding Institute, Sydney Institute of Agriculture, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, SydneyNSW, Australia
| | - Honghai Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi UniversityShihezi, China
- *Correspondence: Honghai Luo,
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11
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Yu LH, Wu SJ, Peng YS, Liu RN, Chen X, Zhao P, Xu P, Zhu JB, Jiao GL, Pei Y, Xiang CB. Arabidopsis EDT1/HDG11 improves drought and salt tolerance in cotton and poplar and increases cotton yield in the field. Plant Biotechnol J 2016; 14:72-84. [PMID: 25879154 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Drought and salinity are two major environmental factors limiting crop production worldwide. Improvement of drought and salt tolerance of crops with transgenic approach is an effective strategy to meet the demand of the ever-growing world population. Arabidopsis ENHANCED DROUGHT TOLERANCE1/HOMEODOMAIN GLABROUS11 (AtEDT1/HDG11), a homeodomain-START transcription factor, has been demonstrated to significantly improve drought tolerance in Arabidopsis, tobacco, tall fescue and rice. Here we report that AtHDG11 also confers drought and salt tolerance in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and woody plant poplar (Populus tomentosa Carr.). Our results showed that both the transgenic cotton and poplar exhibited significantly enhanced tolerance to drought and salt stress with well-developed root system. In the leaves of the transgenic cotton plants, proline content, soluble sugar content and activities of reactive oxygen species-scavenging enzymes were significantly increased after drought and salt stress compared with wild type. Leaf stomatal density was significantly reduced, whereas stomatal and leaf epidermal cell size were significantly increased in both the transgenic cotton and poplar plants. More importantly, the transgenic cotton showed significantly improved drought tolerance and better agronomic performance with higher cotton yield in the field both under normal and drought conditions. These results demonstrate that AtHDG11 is not only a promising candidate for crops improvement but also for woody plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Hui Yu
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Shen-Jie Wu
- Cotton Research Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuncheng, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yi-Shu Peng
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui-Na Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Province, China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ping Xu
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jian-Bo Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Province, China
| | - Gai-Li Jiao
- Cotton Research Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuncheng, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yan Pei
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng-Bin Xiang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
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