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Monson CM, Pukay-Martin ND, Wagner AC, Crenshaw AO, Blount TH, Schobitz RP, Dondanville KA, Young-McCaughan S, Mintz J, Riggs DS, Brundige A, Hembree EA, Litz BT, Roache JD, Yarvis JS, Peterson AL. Cognitive-behavioural conjoint therapy versus prolonged exposure for PTSD in military service members and veterans: results and lessons from a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2024; 15:2330305. [PMID: 38590124 PMCID: PMC11005874 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2024.2330305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Military personnel and veterans are at heightened risk for exposure to traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as well as intimate relationship problems associated with PTSD. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative efficacy of CBCT and PE in improving intimate relationship functioning in active duty military personnel or veterans and their intimate partners; both conditions were hypothesized to significantly improve PTSD. Method: In this study, 32 military service members or veterans with PTSD and their intimate partners were randomized to receive either Cognitive-Behavioral Conjoint Therapy for PTSD (n = 15; CBCT; [Monson, C. M., & Fredman, S. J. (2012). Cognitive-behavioral conjoint therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: Harnessing the healing power of relationships. Guilford]), a trauma-focused couple therapy, or Prolonged Exposure (n = 17; PE; [Foa, E. B., Hembree, E. A., Dancu, C. V., Peterson, A. L., Cigrang, J. A., & Riggs, D. S. (2008). Prolonged exposure treatment for combat-related stress disorders - provider's treatment manual [unpublished]. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania]), a front-line evidence-based individual treatment for PTSD. There were significant challenges with recruitment and a significant difference in dropout from treatment for the two therapies (65% for PE; 27% for CBCT). Treatment dropout was differentially related to pre-treatment relationship functioning; those with below average relationship functioning had higher dropout in PE compared with CBCT, whereas those with above average relationship functioning did not show differential dropout. In general, CBCT led to relational improvements, but this was not consistently found in PE. Clinician- and self-reported PTSD symptoms improved with both treatments. This study is the first to test a couple or family therapy against a well-established, front-line recommended treatment for PTSD, with expected superiority of CBCT over PE on relationship outcomes. Lessons learned in trial design, including considerations of equipoise, and the effects of differential dropout on trial analyses are discussed. This trial provides further support for the efficacy of CBCT in the treatment of PTSD and enhancement of intimate relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice M. Monson
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Anne C. Wagner
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada
- Remedy, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Tabatha H. Blount
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Richard P. Schobitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Katherine A. Dondanville
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Stacey Young-McCaughan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Research and Development Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jim Mintz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Research and Development Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - David S. Riggs
- Hérbert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, and Center for Deployment Psychology, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Antoinette Brundige
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Brett T. Litz
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiological Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John D. Roache
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Research and Development Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey S. Yarvis
- Department of Behavioral Health, Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center, Fort Hood, TX, USA
| | - Alan L. Peterson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Research and Development Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - for the STRONG STAR Consortium
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada
- Cincinnati VA Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Remedy, Toronto, Canada
- Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Hérbert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, and Center for Deployment Psychology, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiological Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Research and Development Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Behavioral Health, Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center, Fort Hood, TX, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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2
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Fredman SJ, Le Y, Monson CM, Mogle JA, Macdonald A, Blount TH, Hall-Clark BN, Fina BA, Dondanville KA, Mintz J, Litz BT, Young-McCaughan S, Yarvis JS, Keane TM, Peterson AL. Pretreatment relationship characteristics predict outcomes from an uncontrolled trial of intensive, multicouple group PTSD treatment. J Fam Psychol 2024; 38:502-509. [PMID: 38330322 PMCID: PMC10963147 DOI: 10.1037/fam0001185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Cognitive behavioral conjoint therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (CBCT for PTSD; Monson & Fredman, 2012) is associated with improvements in patients' and partners' mental health and relationship satisfaction. Some pretreatment relationship characteristics have predicted CBCT for PTSD outcomes for patients, but findings were limited to a single community sample consisting primarily of female patients with male partners. A better understanding of whether pretreatment relationship characteristics predict outcomes in other patient populations and whether there are partners who may be particularly responsive to couple therapy for PTSD could optimize treatment matching. This study investigated whether pretreatment partner accommodation and relationship satisfaction predicted patient and partner treatment outcomes from an uncontrolled trial of an abbreviated, intensive, multicouple group version of CBCT for PTSD conducted with 24 active-duty military or veteran couples (96% male patients/female partners). In general, changes in patients' PTSD and comorbid symptoms and relationship satisfaction did not vary by pretreatment partner accommodation or patients' own pretreatment relationship satisfaction. In contrast, pretreatment relationship characteristics predicted partner outcomes. Partners who engaged in higher levels of accommodation pretreatment and partners who reported lower levels of pretreatment relationship satisfaction experienced greater declines in psychological distress following treatment. Also, partners who began the study relationally distressed exhibited significant increases in relationship satisfaction following treatment, whereas those who were not relationally distressed did not. Findings suggest that improvements generally do not vary by pretreatment relationship characteristics for patients, whereas partners who begin treatment with elevated relationship risk factors may be especially likely to experience improvement across outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffany J. Fredman
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University
| | - Yunying Le
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver
| | | | | | | | - Tabatha H. Blount
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | - Brittany N. Hall-Clark
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | - Brooke A. Fina
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | - Katherine A. Dondanville
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | - Jim Mintz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
- Research and Development Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, United States
| | - Brett T. Litz
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine
| | - Stacey Young-McCaughan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
- Research and Development Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, United States
| | - Jeffrey S. Yarvis
- Department of Behavioral Health, Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center, Fort Hood, Texas, United States
| | - Terence M. Keane
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine
- Behavioral Science Division, National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Alan L. Peterson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
- Research and Development Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, United States
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at San Antonio
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3
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White VanBoxel JM, Miller DL, Morgan P, Iqbal N, Edwards C, Wittenborn AK. Exploring associations among baseline emotion regulation and change in relationship satisfaction among couples in a randomized controlled trial of emotionally focused therapy compared to usual care. Fam Process 2024. [PMID: 38462780 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data from a two-arm randomized controlled trial of emotionally focused therapy (EFT) compared to usual care were used to examine whether baseline emotion regulation influences relationship satisfaction for female and male partners. This is clinically relevant as clinicians have debated whether clients' initial emotion regulation skills predict positive outcomes in EFT. METHODS Dyadic multilevel modeling was used to determine whether baseline emotion regulation predicted both initial levels and change in relationship satisfaction and whether that relationship differed by treatment group (i.e., EFT or usual care). RESULTS Baseline emotion regulation difficulties were associated with lower initial relationship satisfaction. However, baseline emotion regulation difficulties were not associated with change in relationship satisfaction over the course of treatment and this relationship did not differ by treatment group. CONCLUSIONS Results demonstrate that partners with diverse presentations of emotion regulation at baseline may benefit from couple therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M White VanBoxel
- The Center for Applied Psychological and Family Studies, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Debra L Miller
- Community Mental Health for Central Michigan, Director of Family Services, Mt Pleasant, Michigan, USA
| | - Preston Morgan
- Human Development and Family Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Nazia Iqbal
- Psychology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Caitlin Edwards
- Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Andrea K Wittenborn
- Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
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4
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Whiting JB, Wendt DM, Eisert BC, Fife ST. I and thou in dialogue: Becoming more relational in couple therapy. Fam Process 2024; 63:1-16. [PMID: 38129316 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Couple therapists have the unique and challenging opportunity of helping people find deeper connection in their intimate relationships. These clinicians apply therapeutic models and interventions designed to help couples. However, many of these models are derived from theoretical, scientific, and sociocultural traditions that conceptualize human phenomena as individualistic and reductionistic, and the language in these theories may not match clients' experiences, which include deeply relational phenomena such as love and loss. We review how Western scientific and sociocultural traditions have shaped conceptualization of problems and clinical intervention in couple therapy. In contrast, we provide an alternative, strongly relational framework for couple therapy that draws upon philosophical perspectives asserting that relational, rather than individual, experience is fundamental in human interaction. These ideas provide relational language which can influence how couple therapy is viewed and enacted. Specifically, we discuss how a strongly relational approach changes how therapists understand and intervene with conflict, abuse, love, and deception. This relational framework can help couples in their own goals to become more unified. Implications for the therapeutic relationship, interventions, and scholarship are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Douglas M Wendt
- Department of Social Work, Utah Valley University, Orem, Utah, USA
| | - Brady C Eisert
- Kansas State University Couple and Family Therapy Program, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Stephen T Fife
- Texas Tech Couple and Family Therapy Program, Lubbock, Texas, USA
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5
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Feldman T. The elusive nature of neutrality: The role of values in couple therapy. Fam Process 2024. [PMID: 38424739 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
This paper will explore the role of the therapist's values in couple therapy and the challenge these values pose to therapeutic neutrality. It will illuminate how the therapist's values shape what is considered healthy and unhealthy, functional and dysfunctional, and hence frame the problem the couple therapist seeks to treat. Values have particular relevance for couple treatment because the conversations the couple therapist facilitates may unwittingly privilege one partner's needs and wishes over the other's, creating the potential for therapeutic misalliances. This paper will explore common values and their impact on treatment, including the values of monogamy, gender equity, and talk intimacy (emotional expression as a path to intimacy). It will conclude by discussing how couple therapists can avoid partisanship with one partner and maintain a balanced approach in their couple work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Feldman
- The Psychodynamic Couple and Family Institute of New England, Needham, Massachusetts, USA
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6
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Snellingen JF, Carlin PE, Vetere A. Is It Safe Enough? An IPA Study of How Couple Therapists Make Sense of Their Decision to Either Stop or Continue with Couple Therapy When Violence Becomes the Issue. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:37. [PMID: 38247689 PMCID: PMC10813270 DOI: 10.3390/bs14010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Couple therapists will encounter couple violence in their practice at some point. In this context, one of the main questions they must address is whether to continue with conjoint sessions. This study explores how couple therapists make sense of their decision whether or not to continue with conjoint sessions when violence has become an issue. METHODS This qualitative study used four semi-structured focus groups and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to analyse the data from the twelve experienced couple therapist participants. RESULTS Our IPA analysis led to three main group experiential themes across the focus groups: (1) Is it safe enough? (2) Do we have a joint and regenerative project? (3) Three key sources for sense making. CONCLUSION Partner violence challenges the realm of couple therapy. This article explored how the couple therapists orient themselves and grapple with decision making when violence becomes an issue. The article offers unique insights regarding what the therapists orient themselves towards and how they try to form an impression of whether to continue conjoint sessions. We outline immediate clinical implications and propose measures for building individual and organisational capacity regarding "clinical sense making". Suggestions for further research are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Frode Snellingen
- Centre for Diaconia and Professional Practice, VID Specialized University, P.O. Box 184 Vinderen, 0319 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Pål Erik Carlin
- Centre for Diaconia and Professional Practice, VID Specialized University, P.O. Box 184 Vinderen, 0319 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Arlene Vetere
- Faculty of Social Studies, VID Specialized University, P.O. Box 184 Vinderen, 0319 Oslo, Norway;
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7
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Coutinho JF, Penttonen M, Tourunen A, Seikkula J, Peräkylä A, Tschacher W, Kykyri VL. Electrodermal and respiratory synchrony in couple therapy in distinct therapeutic subsystems and reflection periods. Psychother Res 2023:1-16. [PMID: 38158832 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2294886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Synchrony in the multi-person context of systemic therapy is a complex and understudied phenomenon. We analyzed respiratory and electrodermal synchronies within a couple therapy system with two therapists to determine whether dyadic subsystems between each client and therapist synchronized differently. We also studied synchrony in reflection periods, in which the therapists discussed the therapy process with clients listening. Finally, we examined the association of synchronies with alliance and outcome.Method: A sample of 22 therapy sessions in which electrodermal activity (EDA) and respiration were recorded were analyzed. Self-report measures of session alliance and outcome were obtained. Synchrony computation was based on windowed cross-correlation using surrogate synchrony and segment-wise shuffling of physiological time series.Results: The results supported the presence of EDA synchrony for the client-therapist and therapist-therapist dyads but not client-client dyads across entire sessions. No significant synchronies were found for respiration behavior. A similar picture was found in reflection periods. Clients' well-being as well as therapists' alliance ratings were significant predictors of client-client EDA synchrony.Conclusion: Our results point to the relational meaning of synchrony and its importance for understanding couple psychotherapy, particularly the reflection periods. Challenges involved in extending synchrony computation to multi-person settings were highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana F Coutinho
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Psychology School, Minho University, Campus Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Markku Penttonen
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Anu Tourunen
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jaakko Seikkula
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder
| | - Anssi Peräkylä
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Tschacher
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Virpi-Liisa Kykyri
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
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8
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Crenshaw AO, Libet J, Petty K, Teves JB, Huang A, Mitchell J. Subjective emotion trajectories in couple therapy and associations with improvement in relationship satisfaction. Fam Process 2023; 62:1542-1554. [PMID: 36575606 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Existing couple therapies are generally effective for reducing romantic relationship distress and divorce, but therapy outcomes remain poor for many. Outcomes can be improved through greater understanding of session-by-session therapeutic processes, particularly in real-world treatment settings. Modern couple therapy models commonly emphasize the importance of emotional experiences as key change processes, yet few empirical studies have tested the merits of this focus. The present study addresses this limitation by examining trajectories of subjective emotions and their association with change in a key relationship outcome, relationship satisfaction, among military veterans and their partners at a VA Medical Center. Partners rated their relationship satisfaction prior to couple therapy sessions and subjective emotions immediately after sessions. Consistent with hypotheses, both hard (e.g., anger) and soft (e.g., sadness) negative emotions decreased significantly over the course of therapy. Those couples with greater decreases in hard negative, but not soft negative, emotions showed significantly more improvement in relationship satisfaction. Positive emotions did not significantly change across couples in general, but those couples whose positive emotions did increase also showed more improvement in relationship satisfaction. These results suggest change in subjective emotions may be one process underlying improvement in couple therapy and lend empirical support to the emphasis on emotion-based change processes underlying acceptance-based and emotion-focused couple therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander O Crenshaw
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Julian Libet
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Karen Petty
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jenna B Teves
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Alice Huang
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jerez Mitchell
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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9
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Morgan PC, Wittenborn AK, Edwards C. Session-to-session bidirectional associations of alliance with depressive symptoms and relationship satisfaction. Fam Process 2023; 62:1439-1458. [PMID: 37589275 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between therapeutic alliance and treatment outcomes is one of the most widely studied topics in psychotherapy research. Research has primarily considered a unidirectional model whereby alliance predicts outcomes, which implies that building alliance early in therapy results in later symptom improvement and ignores the possibility that early symptom improvement could also subsequently lead to improved alliance. This study explored the bidirectional associations of alliance and outcomes session-to-session for 15 sessions among a sample of 24 couples randomized to emotionally focused therapy or treatment as usual for depression and relationship dissatisfaction. Multilevel models tested associations between the prior week's alliance and the following week's clinical outcomes (i.e., depressive symptoms and relationship satisfaction) and the prior week's clinical outcomes with the following week's alliance. Findings indicated that the prior week's alliance was associated with the following week's relationship satisfaction, but not depressive symptoms, when controlling for the prior week's depressive symptoms and relationship satisfaction in each respective model. In addition, the prior week's depressive symptoms and relationship satisfaction were both associated with the following week's alliance, when controlling for the prior week's alliance. Only one of these associations differed by sex: previous week's higher relationship satisfaction was associated with higher therapeutic alliance the following week for males than females. These bidirectional associations did not differ by treatment condition. This study contributes to the emerging empirical support suggesting bidirectionality among alliance and treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preston C Morgan
- Human Development and Family Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Andrea K Wittenborn
- Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Caitlin Edwards
- Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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10
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Xu M, Johnson LN, Anderson SR, Hunt Q, Bradford AB, Banford Witting A, Bean R, Miller RB. Emotion dysregulation and couple relationship satisfaction of clinical couples: An actor-partner interdependence model. Fam Process 2023; 62:1555-1573. [PMID: 36281780 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite the pivotal role that emotion regulation is thought to occupy for individual and relational wellbeing, emotion regulation in couples has been surprisingly understudied. With a clinical sample consisting of 275 couples starting therapy from 2017 to 2022, this study sought to clarify the actor and partner effects of clinical couples' emotion dysregulation on relationship satisfaction. Our results showed that, for partners' emotion dysregulation dimensions, while impulse control difficulties, lack of emotional awareness, and limited emotion regulation strategies were negatively predictive of couple relationship satisfaction, nonacceptance of negative emotions had a positive association with relationship satisfaction. Further, compared with other dimensions of emotion dysregulation, female limited emotion regulation strategies were greater predictors of decreased female relationship satisfaction. We also found significant gender differences in partners' emotion dysregulation dimensions and relationship satisfaction. These results show the significance of addressing emotion dysregulation for both partners at intra- and inter-personal levels simultaneously in couple therapy. Notably, the 275 couples in our sample did not report a clinically distressed relationship, though they attended at least one couple therapy session. Clinical implications and directions for future study are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Roy Bean
- Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
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11
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Nordin N, Halford WK, Barlow FK, Mastor KA. Relationship standards and Malay Muslim couples' marital satisfaction. J Marital Fam Ther 2023; 49:825-841. [PMID: 37545186 DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Relationship standards are beliefs about what is important in high-quality couple relationships. Clarifying standards cross-culturally informs theory about relationship quality and goals for culturally appropriate couple therapy. The current study assessed four standards (Couple Bond, Family Responsibility, Relationship Effort, and Religion) in n = 113 Malay Muslim couples, and the association of those standards with marital satisfaction. All four standards were strongly endorsed, Religion was the most strongly endorsed, and there were minimal sex differences. Separate actor-partner interdependence models showed actor effects of all four standards on own satisfaction for husbands and wives, partner effects of three of the four husbands' standards (not Relationship Effort) on wives' satisfaction, but no partner effects of female standards on male satisfaction. The findings underscore the importance of all four standards in Malay Muslim marriages and that attention to all these standards might need to be part of couple therapy with Malay couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noratthiah Nordin
- Fakulti Kepimpinan dan Pengurusan, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - William Kim Halford
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fiona K Barlow
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Khairul A Mastor
- Institute of Islamic Civilization, Kebangsaan University Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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12
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Bradford AB, Johnson LN, Anderson SR, Banford-Witting A, Hunt QA, Miller RB, Bean RA. Call me maybe? In-person vs. teletherapy outcomes among married couples. Psychother Res 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37703549 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2256465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of teletherapy compared to in-person couple therapy in outcomes such as couple satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, and the therapeutic alliance.Method: Data from 1157 married clients seeking couple therapy were examined. Individual growth curve models were used to analyze changes in the aforementioned outcomes, with teletherapy as a predictor. The study also examined client age and clinic type as moderators.Results: The results indicated that overall, teletherapy is as effective as in-person therapy in improving outcomes. However, there were notable differences in the development of the therapeutic alliance. The alliance improved at twice the rate in in-person therapy as in teletherapy. Clinic type was also found to be a moderator of changes in sexual satisfaction. Clients in group and private practices reported improvements in sexual satisfaction; whereas clients seen in training clinics reported decreases in sexual satisfaction.Conclusion: The study concludes that although teletherapy may be a viable alternative to in-person couple therapy, there are nevertheless differences in the development of the therapeutic alliance that warrant care and further investigation. The setting of the therapy also plays a role in the effectiveness of therapy, although not specific to therapy modality.
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13
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Smoliak O, Al-Ali K, LeCouteur A, Tseliou E, Rice C, LaMarre A, Davies A, Uguccioni B, Stirling L, Dechamplain B, Henshaw S. The third shift: Addressing emotion work in couple therapy. Fam Process 2023; 62:1006-1023. [PMID: 37323080 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Research on the gendered division of household work in western political economies often neglects its emotional dimensions. This conceptual paper draws on concepts of emotion work and feminist care ethics to explore gendered and intersecting divisions of emotions and emotional work in couple relationships and their implications for couple therapy. Although emotion work has been studied in workplace settings, less attention has been paid to inequalities in the privatized realm of interpersonal relationships, including romantic and filial ones. Women and feminine partners' culturally presumed expertise in emotions typically positions them as carrying primary responsibility for managing emotions in intimate relationships. Couple therapy is an important site of interaction that can both support and, potentially, disrupt the invisibility and gendering of emotion work in intimate relationships, thus shedding light on recurring patterns of women's subordination and exploitation. We conclude by advancing suggestions for addressing gendered and intersectional dimensions of emotion work in therapy practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Smoliak
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Khaldeiah Al-Ali
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda LeCouteur
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Eleftheria Tseliou
- Department of Early Childhood Education, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Carla Rice
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea LaMarre
- School of Psychology, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Adam Davies
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bianca Uguccioni
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lainey Stirling
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brody Dechamplain
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Henshaw
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Owen J, Sinha S, Polser GC, Hangge A, Davis J, Blum L, Drinane J. Meta-analysis of couple therapy in non-randomized clinical trial studies: Individual and couple level outcomes. Fam Process 2023; 62:976-992. [PMID: 37114710 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Couple therapy has outperformed control conditions in randomized clinical trials (RCTs). However, there have been some questions whether couple treatment in naturalistic settings is as effective as those with more rigorous controls. The current meta-analysis examined 48 studies of couple therapy in non-randomized clinical trials. The pre-post effect size was Hedge's g = 0.522 for relational outcomes and Hedge's g = 0.587 for individual outcomes. However, there was significant heterogeneity in the results. Several moderators explained some of the variance in these estimates. For relationship outcomes, studies who had older couples and longer length of relationship had better outcomes. Studies with a higher percentage of racial/ethnic minority (REM) couples and studies in Veteran Affairs Medical Centers (VAMC) had lower relational outcomes. For individual outcomes, studies that had more sessions, older couples, and VAMC had better outcomes. Studies with a higher percentage of REM couples also had worse individual outcomes. Trainee status was not consistently related to relational or individual outcomes. Implications for research and practice are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Owen
- University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Sree Sinha
- University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | | | | | | | - Lena Blum
- University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
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15
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Fishbane MD. Couple relational ethics: From theory to lived practice. Fam Process 2023; 62:446-468. [PMID: 36781399 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Distressed couples often become polarized and caught up in power struggles, with competing claims and perspectives. When escalated, partners may become reactive and unkind. The competitive-individualistic worldview of the Euro-American culture feeds polarization between partners. This article explores relational views of the self and relational ethics developed in philosophy, psychology, feminist theory, neurobiology, and couple and family therapy that counter this individualistic view. A major focus is on the ways in which partners impact each other's identity and well-being for better or worse, and the ethical responsibility this entails. The discussion addresses couple relational ethics within the larger sociocultural context that privileges power and competition. The paper offers applications to couple relationships and couple therapy, with interventions to promote mutual responsibility, fairness, dialogue, and care-helping partners to identify their higher values and interact with greater intentionality. A case example is offered to illustrate therapeutic techniques to enhance relational ethics in couples.
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16
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Liekmeier E, Vowels LM, Antonietti JP, Bodenmann G, Darwiche J. Coparenting change after couple therapy using self-reports and observational data. J Marital Fam Ther 2023. [PMID: 37222161 DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Parent couples are involved in a coparenting bond and in a romantic relationship. Research on couple therapy has mainly explored the impact of couple therapy on romantic relationships; however, little is known about how couple therapy affects the coparenting relationship. Self-reports of positive and negative coparenting and observed emotional behavior in coparenting-related conversation tasks were assessed pre- and posttherapy (6 months intervals) in 64 mixed-sex parental couples. Results showed that mothers and fathers reported more positive coparenting after therapy. There were no significant changes in the reported negative coparenting and in the emotional behavior. Exploratory analyses indicated gender differences in emotional expression. The findings suggest that fathers might have been more active in the coparenting conversation after therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esthe Liekmeier
- FAmily and DevelOpment Research Center (FADO), Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laura M Vowels
- FAmily and DevelOpment Research Center (FADO), Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Philippe Antonietti
- FAmily and DevelOpment Research Center (FADO), Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guy Bodenmann
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joëlle Darwiche
- FAmily and DevelOpment Research Center (FADO), Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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17
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Frediani G, Migerode L. Seeking connection can trigger shame loops in couples: An attachment-based understanding. Fam Process 2023. [PMID: 37088940 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Research shows that shame can have a severe negative impact on intimate relationships, leading to negative shame loops between partners. In this article, we aim to provide a theoretical analysis of how attachment theory can help us understand that shame loops within couple relationships may not only be triggered by negative cues, such as criticism from a partner but can also innocently be triggered by a partner seeking connection or even offering comfort. We also elaborate on how therapists may unexpectedly trigger and intensify a client's shame. We conclude by providing a case description and discussing the therapeutic implications that can be helpful when working with the paradoxes of shame in couple therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianina Frediani
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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18
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Darwiche J, Antonietti JP, Nunes CE, Favez N, Liekmeier E, de Roten Y. Couple therapy with parents: Results from a pragmatic randomized controlled trial testing the Integrative Brief Systemic Intervention (IBSI). J Marital Fam Ther 2023; 49:351-369. [PMID: 36542777 DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the Integrative Brief Systemic Intervention (IBSI), combining therapeutic work on marital and coparenting relationships with brief systemic therapy (BST-as-usual) for parent couples. Couples were randomly assigned to the IBSI (n = 51) or BST (n = 50). Both treatments were six-session interventions and lasted about 6 months. Questionnaires on individual, marital, coparenting and family-related functioning were completed before and after therapy, and at 6-month follow-up. A significant improvement in all areas of functioning was observed after treatment and maintained at follow-up for both IBSI and BST-as-usual treatments. No significant differences in outcomes were found between the treatments. Additionally, women reported more distress overall than men, and this distress was reduced more significantly after therapy. Last, BST-as-usual couples requested more additional sessions compared to IBSI couples. This study extends the literature on couple therapy with parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Darwiche
- Family and Development Research Center, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Philippe Antonietti
- Family and Development Research Center, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cindy Eira Nunes
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Favez
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Science, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Esther Liekmeier
- Family and Development Research Center, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yves de Roten
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychotherapy, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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19
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de Paula-Ravagnani GS, Sundet ER, Guanaes-Lorenzi C. Learning from within: Therapists' actions in daily clinical practice. Fam Process 2023; 62:94-107. [PMID: 36514936 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The integration of theories and techniques is part of family therapists' daily practice, raising the need to understand which resources are used in this professional's clinical actions. Our aim is to reflect on the use of theoretical and technical resources by family therapists in their daily practice. We developed an inquiry process inspired by collaborative action research and social constructionism. Couple and family therapy sessions were conducted by two family therapists, and we developed subsequent dialogs with them focused on describing theoretical and technical inspirations for their actions. Next, we named four categories of actions in this process: exploratory actions, actions for the construction of relational visions, actions for the construction of communication, and actions for family orientation. The therapists-participants referred to many theoretical and technical resources that inspired their practice. For them, the choice of using one or another resource was based on the demands of the interactive moment, which involves their relational and embodied responses to what was experienced in the sessions. We argue that epistemological coherence is not something that guides the therapist's practice a priori, but something that can be achieved by talking about and reflecting on their actions. This article can contribute to clinical practice and training in family therapy by presenting an interesting reflexive process that can be useful to enhance practice in couple and family therapy (FAPESP, Process n. 2015/21316-1).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carla Guanaes-Lorenzi
- University of São Paulo - Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences, and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Nelson EÉ, Delmedico A. When left hands touch: shadow vows and Jung's quaternity. J Anal Psychol 2023; 68:48-70. [PMID: 36579418 DOI: 10.1111/1468-5922.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Is there a connection between the exchange of vows and the fighting and suffering of couples that are unique to the institution of marriage? This essay introduces the concept of Shadow Vows, the unacknowledged assumptions, agreements, and obligations each partner brings to the relationship, which the authors believe are often responsible for longstanding marital discord and strife. The authors ground the existence of shadow vows in Jung's quaternity, alchemy, typology, archetypal theory, and depth approaches to couple therapy. The essay concludes with a list of themes indicative of shadow vow enactments in clinical work with couples.
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21
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Kazantzis N, Dattilio FM, Shinkfield G, Petrik AM. Clinician experiences of homework in couples and family therapy: A survey of perceived impact on the working alliance. Scand J Psychol 2023; 64:1-9. [PMID: 35876257 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The process of engaging clients in homework assignments has been studied extensively in research settings, but rarely have the challenges in the implementation of the science been considered in couples and family therapy. A survey was conducted of 226 clinicians regarding (1) their experience of homework adherence (quantity and quality) with couple and family clients, and (2) their experience of the impact of homework non-completion (IHN) on the working alliance. Clinicians working with families reported less overall homework quantity and quality. However, across both couples and family clients, more negative IHN was reported among clinicians experiencing less homework quantity, both in terms of IHN bond (couple ρ = 0.71, p < 0.001; family ρ = 0.78, p < 0.001) and IHN agreement (couples ρ = 0.25, p < 0.001; ρ = 0.19, p = 0.006), and among clinicians with fewer years of clinical experience (r = 0.19, n = 136, p < 0.05). The present findings suggest that, in the context of couples and family therapy, there is a risk of perceived negative IHN on the working alliance. There would be merit to future investigations examining the processes of facilitating homework engagement within the context of a strong working alliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Kazantzis
- Cognitive Behavior Therapy Research Unit, Melbourne, Australia.,Beck Institute for Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Frank M Dattilio
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gregg Shinkfield
- Victorian Institute of Forensic Mental Health, Forensicare, Fairfield, Australia
| | - Alexandra M Petrik
- Cognitive Behavior Therapy Research Unit, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, La Trobe University, La Trobe, Australia
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22
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Aviram A, Nadan Y. "I miss not being able to offer my couples a box of tissues…": Couples' and Therapists' perspectives on the therapeutic Alliance with the transition to online couple therapy. Fam Process 2023. [PMID: 36709951 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to advance theory concerning the experiences of couples and therapists involved in online couple therapy and the meanings they assign to them, with a particular focus on the therapeutic alliance. Using constructivist grounded theory methodology, in-depth semi-structured online interviews were conducted with 36 individuals, including 18 couples who had participated in online couple therapy via videoconference. Additionally, 15 couple and family therapists were interviewed in four online focus groups. Our analysis indicates three dimensions that impact the formation of the therapeutic alliance in online couple therapy: (1) emotional closeness, as a conduit for establishing physical or emotional space; (2) limited care, due to the therapist's difficulty providing comfort and security; and (3) body language, as reflected in the lack of physical presence and the close inspection of the face, at two opposite ends of a continuum. We discuss our findings through the lens of the closeness-distance dynamic, which posits that therapists' ability to regulate themselves depends on their clients' emotional needs. We conclude with implications for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alon Aviram
- The Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yochay Nadan
- The Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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23
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Smoliak O, Rice C, LaMarre A, Tseliou E, LeCouteur A, Davies A. Gendering of care and care inequalities in couple therapy. Fam Process 2022; 61:1386-1402. [PMID: 35949143 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Reciprocal partner or spousal caregiving in romantic relationships has been identified as a key determinant of the quality of couple relationships. In this article, we interrogate this premise concerning the presumed reciprocity of caregiving in romantic relationships, focusing on cisgender heterosexual relationships and offering implications for relationships of all genders and sexualities. Looking beyond the conventional focus on individual or dyadic processes, we theorize imbalances in care as gendered. Feminists have repeatedly critiqued gender ideology that devalues caring labor and allocates it to women. Gendered power dynamics can lead to imbalances in care-seeking and care provision. We discuss how the gendering of care and care inequalities can manifest in couple therapy, illustrating with examples from recorded interactions. Implications for therapy practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Smoliak
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Carla Rice
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea LaMarre
- School of Psychology, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Eleftheria Tseliou
- Department of Early Childhood Education, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Amanda LeCouteur
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Adam Davies
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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24
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Aviram A, Nadan Y. Online clinical supervision in couple and family therapy: A scoping review. Fam Process 2022; 61:1417-1436. [PMID: 36000250 PMCID: PMC10086939 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Online clinical supervision, or telesupervision, is a growing practice in couple and family therapy. This scoping review aims to identify and synthesize the existing body of knowledge regarding the utilization, experiences, and perceptions of telesupervision among the couple and family therapists and to highlight gaps in the literature. The review followed the five-step approach proposed by Arksey et al. (2005). Fifteen articles were included and their analysis yielded four themes: 1. telesupervision competence; 2. setting and boundary management; 3. advantages of telesupervision; and 4. challenges of telesupervision. Our review clearly demonstrates the dearth of available conceptual and empirical work. The rapidly growing use of online therapy and telesupervision in couple and family therapy has created a critical need to expand this body of knowledge by collecting evidence that can later be translated into practice. Moreover, we identified several gaps in the existing body of knowledge, including a lack of reports on the efficacy of telesupervision and on the experiences, processes, and ascribed meanings of the supervisors and supervisees. We also noted a lack of practice and ethical guidelines for telesupervision. We conclude our analysis by suggesting areas and directions for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alon Aviram
- The Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social WelfareThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Yochay Nadan
- The Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social WelfareThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
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25
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Lebow J, Snyder DK. Couple therapy in the 2020s: Current status and emerging developments. Fam Process 2022; 61:1359-1385. [PMID: 36175119 PMCID: PMC10087549 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper provides a critical analysis and synthesis of the current status and emerging developments in contemporary couple therapy. Its narrative centers on the evolution of couple therapy into a prominent intervention modality and coherent body of practice. The review begins with the consideration of the field's strong empirical underpinnings derived from research on couple therapy and basic relational science. Couple therapy comprises the widely accepted method for reducing relationship distress and enhancing relationship quality. Moreover, both as a stand-alone intervention and in conjunction with other treatment formats, couple-based interventions have garnered considerable empirical support for their effectiveness in addressing a broad spectrum of specific relational dysfunctions as well as individual emotional and physical health problems. We highlight the convergence of methods through common factors, shared strategies, and remarkably similar arrangements across approaches. Our review also points to key differences among approaches, the importance of recognizing respective strengths and limitations linked to these differences, and building on differences across models when selecting and tailoring interventions for a given couple. The discussion concludes with a consideration of recent trends in the field including the impact of telehealth and related digital technologies, the expansion of specific treatments for specific problems and diverse populations, the interface of couple therapy with relationship education, and enduring challenges as well as new opportunities addressing broader systemic and global dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Lebow
- Family Institute of NorthwesternNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinoisUSA
| | - Douglas K. Snyder
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
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26
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Kailanko S, Wiebe SA, Tasca GA, Laitila AA, Allan R. Somatic experience of emotion in emotionally focused couple therapy: Experienced trainer therapists' views and experiences. J Marital Fam Ther 2022; 48:677-692. [PMID: 34297417 DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In general, arousal of emotions is often felt and expressed as a somatic experience in the body. In Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy (EFT), the deepening of emotional experiencing enables therapeutic change. This research explores the experiences of eight experienced EFT trainer therapists regarding their somatic experiences in their work with couples. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis of transcribed in-depth interviews, this research data yielded three core themes that captured therapists' experiences of using their own and couples' somatic experiences in therapy: (1) the importance and relevance of somatic experiences, (2) therapists' use of their own somatic experiences, and (3) working with clients' somatic experiences. The findings suggest that therapists do focus on their own and couples' somatic experiences in their work with couples, and that EFT therapists could benefit from a map to guide therapists how to focus on felt, somatic experiences as a way of maintaining an emphasis on emotional experience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Robert Allan
- University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
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27
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Hasdenteufel M, Quintard B. Dyadic Experiences and Psychosocial Management of Couples Facing Advanced Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Front Psychol 2022; 13:827947. [PMID: 35756231 PMCID: PMC9215330 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.827947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer diagnosis and treatment represent a real upheaval both for the patient and for his or her life partner. Adjustment to cancer has been widely studied at the individual level, however, there is little in the literature about the experiences of the couple as an entity. This is especially true with regard to a population facing advanced cancer. This systematic review aimed to make an inventory of 1) the current knowledge relating to the experience of the patient-partner dyad when confronted with advanced cancer, and 2) the psychosocial interventions specifically centered on this dyad. Method This review was conducted using the Cochrane methodology. The eligibility criteria for the literature review were: one of the members of the dyad being treated for advanced cancer, dyad composed of the patient and his/her life partner. Databases from PubMed, PsycArticle, PsycInfo, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection and Scopus were investigated. A thematic content analysis on the basis of admitted articles made it possible to respond to each of our research objectives. Results Three hundred eighty-nine citations were found. Twenty were admitted to the systematic review of the literature. It highlighted the following experiences of the advanced cancer patient-life partner dyad: uncertainty about the future, disjointed time, intrusion into the couple's intimacy, attachment style and caregiving within the couple, couple's adjustment to cancer symptomatology, the couple's supportive care needs, role changes, nature of communication within the couple, anticipation of the coming death, and the meanings and beliefs around death. This review also describes the range of couple therapies used in the context of advanced cancer: emotionally focused-couple therapy, existential therapy, art therapy, support therapy and couple communication and intimacy promotion. These therapies seem to have individual beneficial effects for both the patient and his or her life partner as well as improving marital functioning. Conclusions These results clearly highlight that consideration of the couple and communication within the couple during care are fundamental to dyadic adjustment to advanced cancer. Further studies (qualitative and quantitative) are needed to better understand the couple's experience in order to adapt the management of the couple facing advanced cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Hasdenteufel
- LabPsy - Laboratoire de psychologie de l'université de Bordeaux, Unité de recherche EA 4139, Bordeaux, France
| | - Bruno Quintard
- LabPsy - Laboratoire de psychologie de l'université de Bordeaux, Unité de recherche EA 4139, Bordeaux, France
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28
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Darwiche J, Carneiro C, Vaudan C, Imesch C, Eira Nunes C, Favez N, de Roten Y. Parents in couple therapy: An intervention targeting marital and coparenting relationships. Fam Process 2022; 61:490-506. [PMID: 35394059 PMCID: PMC9324095 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the treatment framework and core therapeutic principles of the integrative brief systemic intervention (IBSI), a manualized six-session intervention intended for parents seeking couple therapy. IBSI aims to work on the couple's presenting problem, considering its specific impact in the marital and coparenting domains. The basic premise of IBSI is to consider that, when working with couples who have children, therapeutic work on their coparenting alliance may be used as a lever, as both parents may be particularly motivated to improve their relationship for their children's benefit. Increasing the coparenting alliance may then facilitate work on deeper conflicts within the marital relationship. The core therapeutic principles of IBSI are: (1) joining with the couple as romantic partners and a coparenting team from the start of the therapeutic process; (2) supporting the parents in increasing their awareness regarding their children's behavior and emotional experiences when facing their parents' conflicts; and (3) working on the spill- and cross-over effects between marital and coparenting relationships (i.e., exploring how conflict or positivity spills over from one relationship to the other or crosses over from one partner to the other). Therapeutic work following these main therapeutic principles is expected to improve the quality of both relationships. A clinical case is provided to illustrate the core therapeutic principles of IBSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Darwiche
- Family and Development Research CenterFaculty of Social and Political SciencesUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Claudio Carneiro
- Institute of PsychotherapyDepartment of PsychiatryLausanne University Hospital and University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Center for Family and Systemic Research (CERFASY)NeuchâtelSwitzerland
| | - Christel Vaudan
- Couple and Family ConsultationDepartment of PsychiatryLausanne University Hospital and University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Camille Imesch
- Family and Development Research CenterFaculty of Social and Political SciencesUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Cindy Eira Nunes
- Family and Development Research CenterFaculty of Social and Political SciencesUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Nicolas Favez
- Faculty of Psychology and Education ScienceUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Yves de Roten
- Institute of PsychotherapyDepartment of PsychiatryLausanne University Hospital and University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
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29
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Lee BK, Ofori Dei SM. Changes in Work Status, Couple Adjustment, and Recovery Capital: Secondary Analysis of Data From a Congruence Couple Therapy Randomized Controlled Trial. Subst Abuse 2022; 16:11782218221088875. [PMID: 35645564 PMCID: PMC9130820 DOI: 10.1177/11782218221088875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Employment and family/social relationships are 2 of the highest priorities among those in substance use recovery. This study examined the relationship of work status with couple adjustment and other recovery capital treatment outcomes among symptomatic alcohol, substance use, and gambling participants (N = 38) using data collected in a randomized trial comparing a systemic Congruence Couple Therapy (CCT) and individual-based Treatment-as-Usual (TAU). Method Change scores and associations between work status and couple adjustment together with 8 other recovery outcome variables at post-treatment (5 months from baseline) and follow-up (8 months from baseline) in TAU (n = 17) and CCT (n = 21) were analyzed. Results Number of those working increased with both CCT and TAU but without reaching significance in either CCT (Cochran's Q = 5.429, P = .066) or TAU (Cochran's Q = 2.800, P = .247). Relative to those not working in the combined sample, those working showed significantly improved scores in post-treatment and follow-up in addictive symptoms, couple adjustment, psychiatric symptoms, depression, and life stress. Separating the CCT and TAU groups, similar trend was found in the CCT group but was inconsistent in the TAU group. Conclusion Significantly greater improvement in addictive symptoms and recovery capital of couple adjustment, mental health, and life stress was found in the working vs not-working group. Compared to individual-based TAU, exploratory findings indicate that the systemic treatment of CCT showed a clearer and more consistent difference in improved working days, addictive symptoms and recovery capital. Replication with larger samples is needed to generalize these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie K Lee
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of
Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Samuel M Ofori Dei
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of
Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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30
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Tourunen A, Nyman-Salonen P, Muotka J, Penttonen M, Seikkula J, Kykyri VL. Associations Between Sympathetic Nervous System Synchrony, Movement Synchrony, and Speech in Couple Therapy. Front Psychol 2022; 13:818356. [PMID: 35360617 PMCID: PMC8961511 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.818356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Research on interpersonal synchrony has mostly focused on a single modality, and hence little is known about the connections between different types of social attunement. In this study, the relationship between sympathetic nervous system synchrony, movement synchrony, and the amount of speech were studied in couple therapy. Methods Data comprised 12 couple therapy cases (24 clients and 10 therapists working in pairs as co-therapists). Synchrony in electrodermal activity, head and body movement, and the amount of speech and simultaneous speech during the sessions were analyzed in 12 sessions at the start of couple therapy (all 72 dyads) and eight sessions at the end of therapy (48 dyads). Synchrony was calculated from cross-correlations using time lags and compared to segment-shuffled pseudo synchrony. The associations between the synchrony modalities and speech were analyzed using complex modeling (Mplus). Findings Couple therapy participants' synchrony mostly occurred in-phase (positive synchrony). Anti-phase (negative) synchrony was more common in movement than in sympathetic nervous system activity. Synchrony in sympathetic nervous system activity only correlated with movement synchrony between the client-therapist dyads (r = 0.66 body synchrony, r = 0.59 head synchrony). Movement synchrony and the amount of speech correlated negatively between spouses (r = -0.62 body synchrony, r = -0.47 head synchrony) and co-therapists (r = -0.39 body synchrony, r = -0.28 head synchrony), meaning that the more time the dyad members talked during the session, the less bodily synchrony they exhibited. Conclusion The different roles and relationships in couple therapy were associated with the extent to which synchrony modalities were linked with each other. In the relationship between clients and therapists, synchrony in arousal levels and movement "walked hand in hand", whereas in the other relationships (spouse or colleague) they were not linked. Generally, more talk time by the therapy participants was associated with anti-phase movement synchrony. If, as suggested, emotions prepare us for motor action, an important finding of this study is that sympathetic nervous system activity can also synchronize with that of others independently of motor action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Tourunen
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Petra Nyman-Salonen
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Department of Social Sciences and Philosophy, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Joona Muotka
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Markku Penttonen
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jaakko Seikkula
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Virpi-Liisa Kykyri
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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31
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Eldridge K, Mason J, Christensen A. Client Perceptions of the Most and Least Helpful Aspects of Couple Therapy. J Couple Relatsh Ther 2022; 21:277-303. [PMID: 36059594 PMCID: PMC9439588 DOI: 10.1080/15332691.2021.1925611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Couples have a unique perspective to share about the therapy they receive. The current study uses a mixed-methods design to examine what couples report about most and least helpful elements of two behaviorally-based treatments tested in a large clinical trial of couple therapy. Results indicate that responses are highly variable and fall into five main themes, which are then compared between treatment conditions, genders, and outcome groups. One interesting finding is that all groups reported wanting more discussion of sexual issues. Findings are discussed in the context of common factors research, recent developments toward unified principles of change in couple therapy, and model-specific differences.
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32
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McWey LM. Systemic interventions for traumatic event exposure: A 2010-2019 decade review. J Marital Fam Ther 2022; 48:204-230. [PMID: 34418120 DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Trauma exposure is a pervasive issue worldwide. People exposed to traumatic events may develop PTSD, depression, anxiety, and other mental health symptoms. Family and intimate partner relationship problems also are frequently associated with trauma exposure. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic research synthesis of the empirical evidence on systemic interventions for traumatic event exposure from 2010 to 2019. A search of peer-reviewed research resulted in 31 articles that met inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Systemic interventions were grouped by modality (e.g., parent-child, couple, group). The collective evidence was strongest for systemic youth-caregiver interventions, group, and couple treatment categories for traumatic event exposure. Youth-centered interventions that included various combinations of family member participation can be considered probably efficacious. Overall, results indicated that systemic interventions for traumatic event exposure were successful in reducing posttraumatic stress symptoms including PTSD, depression, and anxiety, and improving relational outcomes.
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33
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Nyman-Salonen P, Kykyri VL, Tschacher W, Muotka J, Tourunen A, Penttonen M, Seikkula J. Nonverbal Synchrony in Couple Therapy Linked to Clients' Well-Being and the Therapeutic Alliance. Front Psychol 2021; 12:718353. [PMID: 34858258 PMCID: PMC8631962 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.718353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonverbal synchrony between individuals has a robust relation to the positive aspects of relationships. In psychotherapy, where talking is the cure, nonverbal synchrony has been related to a positive outcome of therapy and to a stronger therapeutic alliance between therapist and client in dyadic settings. Only a few studies have focused on nonverbal synchrony in multi-actor therapy conversations. Here, we studied the synchrony of head and body movements in couple therapy, with four participants present (spouses and two therapists). We analyzed more than 2000min of couple therapy videos from 11 couple therapy cases using Motion Energy Analysis and a Surrogate Synchrony (SUSY), a procedure used earlier in dyadic psychotherapy settings. SUSY was calculated for all six dyads per session, leading to synchrony computations for 66 different dyads. Significant synchrony occurred in all 29 analyzed sessions and between the majority of dyads. Complex models were used to determine the relations between nonverbal synchrony and the clients’ well-being and all participants’ evaluations of the therapeutic alliance. The clients’ well-being was related to body synchronies in the sessions. Differences were found between the clients’ and therapists’ alliance evaluations: the clients’ alliance evaluations were related to synchrony between both dyads of opposite gender, whereas the therapists’ alliance evaluations were related to synchrony between dyads of the same gender, but opposite to themselves. With four participants present, our study introduces a new aspect of nonverbal synchrony, since as a dyad synchronizes, the other two participants are observing it. Nonverbal synchrony seems to be as important in couple therapy as in individual psychotherapy, but the presence of multiple participants makes the patterns more complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Nyman-Salonen
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of Social Sciences and Philosophy, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Virpi-Liisa Kykyri
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Faculty of Social Sciences/Psychology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Wolfgang Tschacher
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joona Muotka
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Anu Tourunen
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Markku Penttonen
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jaakko Seikkula
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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Rosen NO, Vaillancourt-Morel MP, Corsini-Munt S, Steben M, Delisle I, Baxter ML, Bergeron S. Predictors and Moderators of Provoked Vestibulodynia Treatment Outcome Following a Randomized Trial Comparing Cognitive-Behavioral Couple Therapy to Overnight Lidocaine. Behav Ther 2021; 52:1502-1515. [PMID: 34656202 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Provoked vestibulodynia is a vulvar pain condition causing sexual dysfunction, affecting 8% to 10% of women. Our recently published randomized clinical trial (N = 108 couples) found that cognitive behavioral couple therapy (CBCT) and topical lidocaine reduced women's pain and associated sexual symptoms, with CBCT showing more benefits. Little is known about pretreatment predictors of treatment outcomes in couples sex therapy. In the current study, we examined women and their partners' pretreatment demographic (age, relationship length), clinical (pain duration, anxiety) and interpersonal (partner responses to pain, sexual goals) predictors/moderators of women's pain intensity, pain unpleasantness, and sexual function at posttreatment and 6-month follow-up. Longer relationship duration, lower anxiety in women, partner higher solicitousness and partner higher approach sexual goals predicted better pain outcomes for women with PVD irrespective of treatment condition. CBCT was more effective than lidocaine for improving women's sexual function at posttreatment when, at pretreatment, women had partners with higher anxiety and women reported lower approach sexual goals, whereas lidocaine was more effective for improving women's sexual function at follow-up when partners had higher approach sexual goals. Findings can assist clinicians in determining what treatment will be most beneficial for whom.
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35
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O'Reilly Treter M, River LM, Markman HJ. Supporting Romantic Relationships During COVID-19 Using Virtual Couple Therapy. Cogn Behav Pract 2021; 28:597-607. [PMID: 34629835 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19) has profoundly impacted people's lives, resulting in economic turmoil, death and suffering, and drastic changes to everyday life. The adjustment and strain of such challenges can spill over into couples' relationship processes, including how partners spend time together, talk to one another, and manage conflict. Drawing from our experiences conducting virtual couple therapy (VCT) in a university-based training clinic and community-based clinic, as well as themes from an informal survey of 29 couple therapy clinicians, the current paper discusses the unique challenges that couples face in therapy during COVID-19. Such challenges include renegotiating quality time together, navigating less personal space and time alone, experiencing individual anxiety and stress prompted by the pandemic, and increases in conflict. We discuss our clinical recommendations for addressing these challenges for couples and utilize clinical case examples to illustrate our points. Despite these challenges, we also comment on several positive aspects of COVID-19 on couple relationships. Guided by these considerations and recommendations, our observations suggest that clinicians can effectively support couples' growth and progress using VCT during COVID-19.
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36
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Khalifian CE, Leifker FR, Knopp K, Wilks CR, Depp C, Glynn S, Bryan C, Morland LA. Utilizing the couple relationship to prevent suicide: A preliminary examination of Treatment for Relationships and Safety Together. J Clin Psychol 2021; 78:747-757. [PMID: 34559895 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility, preliminary effects, and acceptability of the first comprehensive couple-based treatment for suicide, called Treatment for Relationships and Safety Together (TR&ST). METHOD In a preliminary examination, five couples (N = 10) participated in 10 weekly sessions of TR&ST. All couples included a veteran who reported active suicidal ideation at baseline and their partner. Couples completed measures of relationship functioning, perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belonging, and suicidal ideation at baseline, mid-treatment, and posttreatment. RESULTS TR&ST was feasible to deliver. Veteran and partner relationship functioning improved and veteran perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belonging, and suicidal ideation decreased. There were no suicide related behaviors, hospitalizations, or crisis line calls during the study. TR&ST seemed acceptable to couples (100% retention and high satisfaction ratings). CONCLUSION Couple-based suicide prevention may provide an additional avenue for suicide prevention in veterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra E Khalifian
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Kayla Knopp
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Colin Depp
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Shirley Glynn
- Veterans Affairs Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Craig Bryan
- College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Leslie A Morland
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,National Center for PTSD-Pacific Islands division, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
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37
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Barraca J, Nieto E, Polanski T. An Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy (IBCT)-Based Conflict Prevention Program: A Pre-Pilot Study with Non-Clinical Couples. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18199981. [PMID: 34639282 PMCID: PMC8508421 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18199981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy (IBCT) has demonstrated its efficacy treating severe couple conflict. Nevertheless, its capacity to prevent such conflicts before they appear has not been analyzed. The following empirical study examines the effectiveness of a conflict prevention program based on IBCT's main therapeutic strategies (empathic joining, unified detachment). A sample of 12 individuals (six couples) from the Community of Madrid completed the DAS (Spanier, 1976; Martín-Lanas et al., 2017), IBCTQ (Barraca et al., 2017), and ASPA-A (Carrasco, 1996) pre-treatment, posttreatment, and at a three-year follow up. Three of these couples were randomly assigned to the experimental group, in which they received five, 120-minute sessions of an IBCT-based conflict prevention program. The three remaining couples were assigned to a control group and received no treatment. Results indicated that the experimental couples grew in their acceptance of differences and significantly improved their level of empathic joining and unified detachment; they also manifested greater satisfaction in their total DAS score. At the three-year follow up, neither group showed significant changes with regard to their posttreatment scores. Although the data are based on a small number of couples and should be replicated, the results suggest that a program based on IBCT strategies can help prevent couple conflict up to three years after its application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Barraca
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Camilo José Cela, Calle Castillo de Alarcón 49, Urbanización Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Elvira Nieto
- Private Practice, Calle Goya 83–3º Derecha, 28001 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Thomas Polanski
- Private Practice, Mariano Paredes N70-122 and Moisés Luna Andrade, Quito 170303, Ecuador;
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Azorin JM, Lefrere A, Belzeaux R. The Impact of Bipolar Disorder on Couple Functioning: Implications for Care and Treatment. A Systematic Review. Medicina (Kaunas) 2021; 57:medicina57080771. [PMID: 34440977 PMCID: PMC8400362 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57080771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
If there is an abundant literature on the impact of bipolar illness on the family and/or caregivers of patients, few studies have addressed its impact on marital relationship and couple functioning. Uncovering information relating specifically to this topic may be particularly relevant due to the unusually high divorce rate among individuals with bipolar disorder. We therefore conducted a systematic literature search to evaluate the existing data on bipolar disorder and marital issues, with a special focus on the help and support that can be provided by mental health professionals in this regard. We identified quantitative studies with pre-defined outcomes as well as qualitative investigations trying to understand the experiences of partners. A total of 27 articles were included in the review. The literature was found to capture the impact of bipolar disorder on partners as well as on the marital relationship itself or the children. Bipolar illness has a negative impact on the lives of partners including self-sacrifice, caregiver burden, emotional impact, and health problems. This negative impact can be aggravated by a lack of care and a lack of information from health personnel. The negative impact on the relationship includes volatility in the relationship, stigmatization, dissatisfaction with sexual life, and lower rates of childbearing. Negative impacts are likely to favor disease relapses for the patient. Children may also be negatively impacted. However, the illness may sometimes have positive impacts such as personal evolution, strengthening relationship, or new hope and perspectives. Based on these findings, the interventions of mental health professionals should be aimed at minimizing the negative impacts while favoring the positive ones.
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Liekmeier E, Darwiche J, Pinna L, Repond AS, Antonietti JP. Affective Behavior in Parent Couples Undergoing Couple Therapy: Contrasting Case Studies. Front Psychol 2021; 12:634276. [PMID: 33815220 PMCID: PMC8015940 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.634276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Being in a romantic relationship is characterized by a high degree of intimacy and affective involvement. Affective behavior indicates the emotional content in couple interactions and therefore promotes an understanding of the evolution of romantic relationships. When couples are also parents, their affective behavior reflects their romantic and coparental bonds. In this paper, we present an observation of parent couples' affective behavior during a coparenting conflict discussion task to document whether and how much it improved during couple therapy. Two contrasting cases of affective behavior change are included. Observational coding of affective behavior within pre- and post-intervention coparenting conflict discussion tasks was carried out to compute means and CIs for each partner in both cases. In addition, the partners' coparental and romantic satisfaction were evaluated through validated self-report questionnaires in pre- and post-intervention assessments; this helped document whether the partners' coparental and romantic satisfaction were dissimilar between the two cases. Finally, a clinical analysis of both cases was realized with the contribution of the therapists to investigate possible differences within therapy sessions. Statistical analyses revealed negative means of affective behavior for couple A in the pre-intervention assessment and positive means in the post-intervention assessment. Partners from couple B had negative means of affective behavior in the pre- and post-intervention assessments. Results concerning coparental and romantic satisfaction differed: Couple A's coparental satisfaction slightly increased and the romantic satisfaction somewhat decreased, whereas couple B's coparental satisfaction remained stable and the romantic satisfaction slightly increased between the pre- and post-intervention assessments. The clinical analysis revealed that the interactional quality of couple A slightly improved within therapy sessions and that both partners succeeded in working together as coparents, notwithstanding their romantic distress. Couple B conveyed coparental distress and exhibited poor interactional quality throughout therapy sessions (e.g., repeated criticism and contempt). This study contributes to enriching the more traditional empirical research methods in the field of couple psychotherapy, as it takes into account microlevel affective changes within parent couples' interactions in addition to self-reported data. Furthermore, the analysis of therapy sessions supports the importance of working with affective behavior in couple therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Liekmeier
- Family and Development Research Center (FADO), Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joëlle Darwiche
- Family and Development Research Center (FADO), Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lara Pinna
- PROFA Foundation, Couples and Sexology Counseling Service, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Sylvie Repond
- PROFA Foundation, Couples and Sexology Counseling Service, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Philippe Antonietti
- Family and Development Research Center (FADO), Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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40
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Hardy NR, Maier CA, Gregson TJ. Couple teletherapy in the era of COVID-19: Experiences and recommendations. J Marital Fam Ther 2021; 47:225-243. [PMID: 33742712 PMCID: PMC8250910 DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The unprecedented times of the novel Coronavirus quarantine and subsequent stay-at-home orders have changed the way many couple therapists provide clinical services. Understanding couple therapists' experiences with teletherapy is important for optimizing future telehealth delivery with couples. Thus, the purpose of this mixed methods survey study was to explore couple therapists' experiences of transitioning from in-person/traditional therapy to online/telehealth delivery. A total of 58 couple therapists completed an online survey for this study. Reported are both quantitative and qualitative findings. Overall, this study found that couple therapists experienced a positive shift from traditional/in-person therapy to online/telehealth therapy, with a majority of couple therapists (74%) reporting they would continue providing teletherapy after the novel Coronavirus pandemic and social distancing regulations had ended. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes from couple therapists' experiences related to advantages, challenges, and recommendations for practice. Implications for clinical training and future research are discussed.
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41
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Shuper Engelhard E, Vulcan M. The Potential Benefits of Dance Movement Therapy in Improving Couple Relations of Individuals Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder-A Review. Front Psychol 2021; 12:619936. [PMID: 33679534 PMCID: PMC7930210 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.619936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A review of current literature indicates that adults diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) feel the need for intimate and sexual relationships and maintain such relationships despite and alongside their difficulties in emotional communication, social interactions, reciprocity, and verbal and non-verbal expression. This understanding calls for the development of intervention programs designed to support the specific needs and address the problems of couples where one partner is diagnosed with ASD. In view of the relevance and significant part played by body and movement in emotional development and psychotherapy, the present article offers a review of studies examining the contribution of dance movement therapy to both the quality of life and functioning of adults with ASD and therapeutic processes in couple therapy. This review aims to establish an infrastructure for the construction of intervention programs and for future studies designed to enhance the quality of life and independence of adults with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einat Shuper Engelhard
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Graduate School of Creative Art Therapies, Kibbutzim College of Education, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Creative Art Therapies, Emili Sagol Creative Arts Therapies Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Maya Vulcan
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Graduate School of Creative Art Therapies, Kibbutzim College of Education, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Creative Art Therapies, Emili Sagol Creative Arts Therapies Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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42
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Tilden T, Ulvenes P, Zahl-Olsen R, Hoffart A, Johnson SU, Wampold BE, Håland ÅT. Predicting change through individual symptoms and relationship distress: A study of within- and between-person processes in couple therapy. Clin Psychol Psychother 2021; 28:1275-1284. [PMID: 33605519 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In couple therapy clients often suffer from a blend of individual psychiatric symptoms as well as severe relational distress. However, research is inconclusive on whether relational change predicts symptom change or vice versa. Because answers to this question could have important clinical implications on what to focus on in couple therapy at which time in treatment, more research is recommended. METHOD In this study, data collected before every therapy session were used to test whether changes in relational functioning predicted symptom functioning or vice versa. The study used a multilevel modelling approach, and the variables of interest were disaggregated into within- and between-person effects. RESULTS The results indicated that if an individual improved more than expected on relational functioning, this predicted more improvement than expected on individual symptoms. No significant reciprocal relationship was found between these variables. CONCLUSIONS The clinical implication is discussed, suggesting that an emphasis on relational improvement seems to be an important mechanism during couple therapy that may facilitate the change on individual symptoms in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terje Tilden
- Research Institute at Modum Bad Psychiatric Center, Vikersund, Norway
| | - Pål Ulvenes
- Research Institute at Modum Bad Psychiatric Center, Vikersund, Norway.,Psychological Institute, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rune Zahl-Olsen
- Department for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Asle Hoffart
- Research Institute at Modum Bad Psychiatric Center, Vikersund, Norway.,Psychological Institute, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sverre Urnes Johnson
- Research Institute at Modum Bad Psychiatric Center, Vikersund, Norway.,Psychological Institute, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bruce E Wampold
- Research Institute at Modum Bad Psychiatric Center, Vikersund, Norway.,Department of Counseling Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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43
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Janusz B, Bergmann JR, Matusiak F, Peräkylä A. Practices of Claiming Control and Independence in Couple Therapy With Narcissism. Front Psychol 2021; 11:596842. [PMID: 33569022 PMCID: PMC7868443 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.596842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Four couple therapy first consultations involving clients with diagnosed narcissistic problems were examined. A sociologically enriched and broadened concept of narcissistic disorder was worked out based on Goffman’s micro-sociology of the self. Conversation analytic methods were used to study in detail episodes in which clients resist to answer a therapist’s question, block or dominate the development of the conversation’s topic, or conspicuously display their interactional independence. These activities are interpreted as a pattern of controlling practices that were prompted by threats that the first couple therapy consultation imposes upon the clients’ self-image. The results were discussed in the light of contemporary psychiatric discussions of narcissism; the authors suggest that beyond its conceptualization as a personality disorder, narcissism should be understood as a pattern of interactional practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadetta Janusz
- Department of Family Therapy and Psychosomatics, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jörg R Bergmann
- Faculty of Sociology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Feliks Matusiak
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical Colleague Kraków, Poland
| | - Anssi Peräkylä
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Abstract
Because relationship discord and dissolution are common and costly, interventions are needed to treat distressed couples and to prevent distress among vulnerable couples. We review meta-analytic evidence showing that 60-80% of distressed couples benefit from behavioral and emotion-focused approaches to couple therapy, but we also note that treatment effects are weaker in actual clinical practice than in controlled studies, dissipate following treatment for about half of all couples, and may be explained by factors that are common across models. Meta-analyses of prevention programs reveal reliable but smaller effects, reflecting a need to know more about whether and how communication mediates effects, about how risk and diversity moderate effects, and about how technology-enabled interventions can reduce attrition in vulnerable populations. Interventions for couples are improving and expanding, but critical questions remain about how and for whom they work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas N Bradbury
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1563, USA;
| | - Guy Bodenmann
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, CH-8050 Zurich, Switzerland;
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45
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Abstract
[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported online in Journal of Family Psychology on Nov 14 2019 (see record 2019-69050-001). In the article, the effect sizes listed in the "Mech. slope the effect sizes listed in the "Mech. slope →CSI slope" and "Indirect effect of treatment" columns of Table 2 were calculated incorrectly and mistakenly reported as Cohen's d values. These errors do not change any of the conclusions of the study. However, the correct values, column heads, and associated footnote CSI slope" and "Indirect effect of treatment" columns of Table 2 were calculated incorrectly and mistakenly reported as Cohen's d values. These errors do not change any of the conclusions of the study. However, the correct values, column heads, and associated footnote are presented in the erratum.] Internet delivery of couple interventions is becoming increasingly popular; however, little is known about mechanisms of change during these interventions. One online, self-help relationship intervention-the OurRelationship program-has been shown to improve relationship satisfaction (Doss et al., 2016) during the intervention and to maintain gains through 12-months follow-up (Doss, Roddy, Nowlan, Rothman, & Christensen, 2019). This study seeks to understand mechanisms during and following this program using the same sample of 300 couples (600 individuals) randomly assigned to the program or a waitlist control group. Results from the bivariate growth curves revealed that greater increases in relationship satisfaction during the intervention were explained by improvements in negative communication, emotional intimacy, as well as target problem confidence and severity. However, changes in acceptance of targeted relationship problems, positive communication, and self-protective orientation were not related to changes in satisfaction during the intervention. Additionally, in a multivariate model, relationship target problem severity alone remained significant in the presence of other mechanisms. Improvements in positive and negative communication during the intervention and level of negative communication at the end of the intervention predicted maintenance of gains in satisfaction over 12-month follow-up. Results replicate previous findings that communication (Doss, Thum, Sevier, Atkins, & Christensen, 2005) and emotional intimacy (Doss et al., 2005; Hawrilenko, Gray, & Córdova, 2016) are key components in initial decreases in relationship distress. Furthermore, results suggest that improvements in communication may help couples more effectively navigate problems following the intervention-above and beyond its associations with prepost improvements in satisfaction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Tankha H, Caño A, Corley A, Dillaway H, Lumley MA, Clark S. A Novel Couple-Based Intervention for Chronic Pain and Relationship Distress: A Pilot Study. Couple Family Psychol 2020; 9:13-32. [PMID: 34017649 PMCID: PMC8132556 DOI: 10.1037/cfp0000131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain contributes to psychological and relationship distress in individuals with pain as well as their partners. Prior pain interventions have addressed this important social context by engaging partners in treatment; however, partners have not been considered co-participants who can benefit directly from therapy, but rather incorporated as pain management coaches or guides. This manuscript assesses the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary outcomes of a novel intervention which targets both partners and focuses on improving well-being in couples in which one or both partners experiences chronic pain and relationship distress. Fifteen couples participated in Mindful Living and Relating, a 6-session in-person intervention, and completed baseline and post-treatment outcome measures. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to evaluate participants' engagement in and experiences of the intervention, as well as preliminary outcomes. Results suggest that couples were engaged in, and reported satisfaction with, the treatment. Participants who completed the therapy (N = 28; 14 couples) reported reductions in depressive symptoms and improvements in relationship satisfaction and partner responsiveness, and individuals with pain reported reductions in pain interference. In post-treatment interviews, couples reported their preference for couple therapy over individual therapy for pain and relationship distress. Although the conduct of the therapy was feasible for couples who enrolled in the trial, initial recruitment difficulties suggested feasibility challenges. Recommendations are made for researchers who are interested in designing psychological interventions to improve quality of life in the context of chronic illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hallie Tankha
- Wayne State University, Department of Psychology 5057 Woodward Avenue, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA
| | - Annmarie Caño
- Wayne State University, Department of Psychology and Office of the Provost, 656 W. Kirby, 4228 FAB, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA
| | - Angelia Corley
- Wayne State University, Department of Psychology 5057 Woodward Avenue, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA
| | - Heather Dillaway
- Wayne State University, Department of Sociology, 2237 Faculty Administration Building, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA
| | - Mark A. Lumley
- Wayne State University, Department of Psychology 5057 Woodward Avenue, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA
| | - Shannon Clark
- Wayne State University, Department of Psychology 5057 Woodward Avenue, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA
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Ellouze S, Aloulou J, Halouani N, Turki M, Ben Thabet A, Gargouri A, Amami O. [Premature birth: a risk factor for maternal depression?]. Soins Pediatr Pueric 2020; 41:32-36. [PMID: 32200969 DOI: 10.1016/j.spp.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Premature birth constitutes a major ordeal not only for the child but also the mother. It reveals the psychological capacities of mothers with depressive affects as signs. Hedi Chaker university hospital in Sfax in Tunisia carried out a study on mothers of premature babies. These mothers were significantly more depressed. Certain factors appear to favour the occurrence of postnatal maternal depression and must therefore benefit from specific support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Ellouze
- Service de psychiatrie B, Hôpital Razi, La Mannouba, Tunisie.
| | - Jihen Aloulou
- Service de psychiatrie B, Centre hospitalo-universitaire Hédi-Chaker, 3029 Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Najla Halouani
- Service de psychiatrie B, Centre hospitalo-universitaire Hédi-Chaker, 3029 Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Mariem Turki
- Service de psychiatrie B, Centre hospitalo-universitaire Hédi-Chaker, 3029 Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Afef Ben Thabet
- Service de néonatologie, Centre hospitalo-universitaire Hédi-Chaker, 3029 Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Abdellatif Gargouri
- Service de néonatologie, Centre hospitalo-universitaire Hédi-Chaker, 3029 Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Othman Amami
- Service de psychiatrie B, Centre hospitalo-universitaire Hédi-Chaker, 3029 Sfax, Tunisie
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48
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Cayol B. [The psychological challenges of MAR]. Soins Pediatr Pueric 2019; 40:26-29. [PMID: 31757272 DOI: 10.1016/j.spp.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The difficulties in becoming parents and the medical process undertaken to achieve it can cause major suffering in the people confronted with these situations. Psychological support may then be necessary to comfort the couple and support it through the different stages of the MAR process. It also enables the pair as a whole, and as individuals, to understand what is at stake, in relation to their own history, in the inability to fulfil this desire for a child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Cayol
- 150 boulevard du Montparnasse, 75014 Paris, France; 41 avenue de Trudaine, 75009 Paris, France.
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49
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Abstract
Projective identification (PI) is a complex process that can bridge the divide between individual psychodynamics and interpersonal systemic process. Consequently, it provides a powerful lens through which to examine couple conflict and unhappiness. This paper aims to clarify and demystify the concept and to illustrate its special utility for clinicians practicing individual psychoanalysis or psychotherapy, and for therapists who treat couples conjointly. It deconstructs PI into components of transference (projection), induction, and identification of both inducers and recipients; distinguishes subtypes; and then discusses some important topics surrounding the concept, including what is meant by "identification," the importance of "containment," and how induction is often accomplished by inaction. Clinical examples illustrate how patients use PI to manage grief, shame, past traumas, and current deficits. The utility of PI for understanding partner selection and marital polarities is illustrated, and guidelines for working with PI in psychodynamic couple therapy are provided.
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50
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Tilden T, Theisen M, Wampold BE, Johnson SU, Hoffart A. Individual distress and dyadic adjustment over the course of couple therapy and three-year follow-up: A replication study. Psychother Res 2019; 30:375-386. [PMID: 31354074 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2019.1645369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This replication study examined the change over time and the relationship between depressive symptoms and dyadic adjustment during residential couple therapy and at one- and three-year follow-up. Mixed models were used in the analyses, and a disaggregation procedure was applied to examine the results on a between-person as well as on a within-person level. Overall, the results of the previous study were replicated. Significant improvement (p < .001) occurred on measures assessing relationship satisfaction and depressive symptoms from admission to discharge (effect sizes .47 to.72) and from admission to three-year follow-up (effect sizes .59 to .66). The within-person finding implies that when a person experiences more depressive symptoms than usual for him/her, subsequent dyadic adjustment is poorer than usual. Thus, our previous clinical implication suggestion is reinforced in this study: When treating couples suffering from co-existing relational and symptomatic distress, couple therapy should include the aim of lowering individual depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terje Tilden
- Research Institute at Modum Bad Psychiatric Center, Vikersund, Norway
| | - Marie Theisen
- Family Unit at Modum Bad Psychiatric Center, Vikersund, Norway
| | - Bruce E Wampold
- Research Institute at Modum Bad Psychiatric Center, Vikersund, Norway.,University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Asle Hoffart
- Research Institute at Modum Bad Psychiatric Center, Vikersund, Norway.,Psychological Institute, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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