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Qiao J, Ushakov IV, Safronov IS, Oshorov AD, Wang Z, Andrukhova OV, Rychkova OV. Physical Mechanism of Nanocrystalline Composite Deformation Responsible for Fracture Plastic Nature at Cryogenic Temperatures. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2024; 14:723. [PMID: 38668217 PMCID: PMC11053807 DOI: 10.3390/nano14080723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we consider the physical basis of deformation and fracture in layered composite nanocrystalline/amorphous material-low-melting crystalline alloy in a wide temperature range. Deformation and fracture at the crack tip on the boundary of such materials as nanocrystalline alloy of the trademark 5BDSR, amorphous alloy of the trademark 82K3XSR and low-melting crystalline alloy were experimentally investigated. The crack was initiated by uniaxial stretching in a temperature range of 77-293 K. A theoretical description of the processes of deformation and fracture at the crack tip is proposed, with the assumption that these processes lead to local heating and ensure the plastic character of crack growth at liquid nitrogen temperatures. The obtained results improve the theoretical understanding of the physics of fracture at the boundary of nanocrystalline and crystalline alloys in a wide temperature range. The possibility of preserving the plastic nature of fracture in a thin boundary layer of crystalline-nanocrystalline material at cryogenic temperatures has been experimentally shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Qiao
- School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Ivan Vladimirovich Ushakov
- Physics Department, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Moscow 119049, Russia; (I.S.S.)
| | - Ivan Sergeevich Safronov
- Physics Department, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Moscow 119049, Russia; (I.S.S.)
| | - Ayur Dasheevich Oshorov
- Physics Department, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Moscow 119049, Russia; (I.S.S.)
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- China-Russia Dynamics Research Center, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Olga Vitalievna Andrukhova
- Physics Department, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Moscow 119049, Russia; (I.S.S.)
| | - Olga Vladimirovna Rychkova
- Physics Department, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Moscow 119049, Russia; (I.S.S.)
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El Hamzaoui H, Razdobreev I, Cieslikiewicz-Bouet M, Cassez A, Andrieux V, Bouazaoui M. Yb 2+-Doped Silicate Glasses as Optical Sensor Materials for Cryogenic Thermometry. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 24:248. [PMID: 38203109 PMCID: PMC10781229 DOI: 10.3390/s24010248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Optical sensors constitute attractive alternatives to resistive probes for the sensing and monitoring of temperature (T). In this work, we investigated, in the range from 2 to 300 K, the thermal behavior of Yb2+ ion photoluminescence (PL) in glass hosts for cryogenic thermometry. To that end, two kinds of Yb2+-doped preforms, with aluminosilicate and aluminophosphosilicate core glasses, were made using the modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD) technique. The obtained preforms were then elongated, at about 2000 °C, to canes with an Yb2+-doped core of about 500 µm. Under UV excitation and independently of the core composition, all samples of preforms and their corresponding canes presented a wide visible emission band attributed to Yb2+ ions. Furthermore, PL kinetics measurements, recorded at two emission wavelengths (502 and 582 nm) under 355 nm pulsed excitation, showed an increase, at very low T, followed by a decrease in lifetime until room temperature (RT). A modified two-level model was proposed to interpret such a decay time dependence versus T. Based on the fit of lifetime data with this model, the absolute (Sa) and relative (Sr) sensitivities were determined for each sample. For both the preform and its corresponding cane, the aluminophosphosilicate glass composition featured the highest performances in the cryogenic domain, with values exceeding 28.3 µsK-1 and 94.4% K-1 at 30 K for Sa and Sr, respectively. The aluminophosphosilicate preform also exhibited the wider T operating range of 10-300 K. Our results show that Yb2+-doped silicate glasses are promising sensing materials for optical thermometry applications in the cryogenic domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hicham El Hamzaoui
- Univ. Lille, CERLA, CNRS, UMR 8523-PhLAM-Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molécules, F-59000 Lille, France (M.C.-B.); (A.C.); (V.A.); (M.B.)
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Rego G. Temperature Dependence of the Thermo-Optic Coefficient of SiO 2 Glass. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:6023. [PMID: 37447874 DOI: 10.3390/s23136023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a thorough analysis on the temperature dependence of the thermo-optic coefficient, dn/dT, of four bulk annealed pure-silica glass samples (type I-natural quartz: Infrasil 301; type II-quartz crystal powder: Heraeus Homosil; type III-synthetic vitreous silica: Corning 7980 and Suprasil 3001) from room temperature down to 0 K. The three/four term temperature dependent Sellmeier equations and respective coefficients were considered, which results from fitting to the raw data obtained by Leviton et al. The thermo-optic coefficient was extrapolated down to zero Kelvin. We have obtained dn/dT values ranging from 8.16 × 10-6 up to 8.53 × 10-6 for the four samples at 293 K and for a wavelength of 1.55 μm. For the Corning 7980 SiO2 glass, the thermo-optic coefficient decreases monotonically, from 8.74 × 10-6 down to 8.16 × 10-6, from the visible range up to the third telecommunication window, being almost constant above 1.3 μm. The Ghosh's model was revisited, and it was concluded that the thermal expansion coefficient only accounts for about 2% of the thermo-optic coefficient, and we have obtained an expression for the temperature behavior of the silica excitonic bandgap. Wemple's model was also analyzed where we have also considered the material dispersion in order to determine the coefficients and respective temperature dependences. The limitations of this model were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaspar Rego
- ADiT-LAB, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial Nun'Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Center for Applied Photonics, INESC TEC, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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Ma Y, Bi J, Wang H, Fan L, Zhao B, Shen L, Liu M. Mechanism of Random Telegraph Noise in 22-nm FDSOI-Based MOSFET at Cryogenic Temperatures. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:4344. [PMID: 36500968 PMCID: PMC9741056 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In the emerging process-based transistors, random telegraph noise (RTN) has become a critical reliability problem. However, the conventional method to analyze RTN properties may not be suitable for the advanced silicon-on-insulator (SOI)-based transistors, such as the fully depleted SOI (FDSOI)-based transistors. In this paper, the mechanism of RTN in a 22-nm FDSOI-based metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) is discussed, and an improved approach to analyzing the relationship between the RTN time constants, the trap energy, and the trap depth of the device at cryogenic temperatures is proposed. The cryogenic measurements of RTN in a 22-nm FDSOI-based MOSFET were carried out and analyzed using the improved approach. In this approach, the quantum mechanical effects and diffuse scattering of electrons at the oxide-silicon interface are considered, and the slope of the trap potential determined by the gate voltage relation is assumed to decrease proportionally with temperature as a result of the electron distribution inside the top silicon, per the technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulations. The fitted results of the improved approach have good consistency with the measured curves at cryogenic temperatures from 10 K to 100 K. The fitted trap depth was 0.13 nm, and the decrease in the fitted correction coefficient of the electron distribution proportionally with temperature is consistent with the aforementioned assumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ma
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinshun Bi
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hanbin Wang
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Linjie Fan
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Biyao Zhao
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lizhi Shen
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mengxin Liu
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Beijing Zhongke New Micro Technology Development Co., Ltd., Beijing 100029, China
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Orsini A, Barettin D, Ercoli F, Rossi MC, Pettinato S, Salvatori S, Mezzi A, Polini R, Bellucci A, Mastellone M, Girolami M, Valentini V, Orlando S, Trucchi DM. Charge Transport Mechanisms of Black Diamond at Cryogenic Temperatures. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:nano12132253. [PMID: 35808088 PMCID: PMC9268584 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Black diamond is an emerging material for solar applications. The femtosecond laser surface treatment of pristine transparent diamond allows the solar absorptance to be increased to values greater than 90% from semi-transparency conditions. In addition, the defects introduced by fs-laser treatment strongly increase the diamond surface electrical conductivity and a very-low activation energy is observed at room temperature. In this work, the investigation of electronic transport mechanisms of a fs-laser nanotextured diamond surface is reported. The charge transport was studied down to cryogenic temperatures, in the 30−300 K range. The samples show an activation energy of a few tens of meV in the highest temperature interval and for T < 50 K, the activation energy diminishes to a few meV. Moreover, thanks to fast cycles of measurement, we noticed that the black-diamond samples also seem to show a behavior close to ferromagnetic materials, suggesting electron spin influence over the transport properties. The mentioned properties open a new perspective in designing novel diamond-based biosensors and a deep knowledge of the charge-carrier transport in black diamond becomes fundamental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Orsini
- Università degli Studi Niccolò Cusano, 00166 Roma, Italy; (D.B.); (S.P.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Daniele Barettin
- Università degli Studi Niccolò Cusano, 00166 Roma, Italy; (D.B.); (S.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Federica Ercoli
- Università degli Studi Roma Tre, 00154 Roma, Italy; (F.E.); (M.C.R.)
| | | | - Sara Pettinato
- Università degli Studi Niccolò Cusano, 00166 Roma, Italy; (D.B.); (S.P.); (S.S.)
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, ISM-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy; (R.P.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (V.V.); (S.O.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Stefano Salvatori
- Università degli Studi Niccolò Cusano, 00166 Roma, Italy; (D.B.); (S.P.); (S.S.)
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, ISM-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy; (R.P.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (V.V.); (S.O.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Alessio Mezzi
- Istituto per lo Studio di Materiali Nanostrutturati, ISMN-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Polini
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, ISM-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy; (R.P.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (V.V.); (S.O.); (D.M.T.)
- Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bellucci
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, ISM-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy; (R.P.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (V.V.); (S.O.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Matteo Mastellone
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, ISM-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy; (R.P.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (V.V.); (S.O.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Marco Girolami
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, ISM-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy; (R.P.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (V.V.); (S.O.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Veronica Valentini
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, ISM-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy; (R.P.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (V.V.); (S.O.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Stefano Orlando
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, ISM-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy; (R.P.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (V.V.); (S.O.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Daniele Maria Trucchi
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, ISM-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy; (R.P.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (V.V.); (S.O.); (D.M.T.)
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Nalepka K, Skoczeń B, Ciepielowska M, Schmidt R, Tabin J, Schmidt E, Zwolińska-Faryj W, Chulist R. Phase Transformation in 316L Austenitic Steel Induced by Fracture at Cryogenic Temperatures: Experiment and Modelling. Materials (Basel) 2020; 14:ma14010127. [PMID: 33396788 PMCID: PMC7795462 DOI: 10.3390/ma14010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Investigations by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and X-ray diffraction with the use of synchrotron radiation, as well as parallel extended finite element (XFEM) simulations, reveal the evolution of the 316L stainless steel microstructure in the vicinity of a macro-crack developing at the temperature of liquid helium (4.2 K). The fracture propagation induces a dynamic, highly localized phase transformation of face-centred cubic austenite into α’ martensite with a body-centred cubic structure. Synchrotron studies show that the texture of the primary phase controls the transition process. The austenite grains, tending to the stable Brass orientation, generate three mechanisms of the phase transformation. EBSD studies reveal that the secondary phase particles match the ordered austenitic matrix. Hence, interphase boundaries with the Pitsch disorientation are most often formed and α’ martensite undergoes intensive twinning. The XFEM simulations, based on the experimentally determined kinetics of the phase transformation and on the relevant constitutive relationships, reveal that the macro-crack propagates mainly in the martensitic phase. Synchrotron and EBSD studies confirm the almost 100% content of the secondary phase at the fracture surface. Moreover, they indicate that the boundaries formed then are largely random. As a result, the primary beneficial role of martensite as reinforcing particles is eliminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Nalepka
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Błażej Skoczeń
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 31-155 Krakow, Poland; (B.S.); (M.C.); (R.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Marlena Ciepielowska
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 31-155 Krakow, Poland; (B.S.); (M.C.); (R.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Rafał Schmidt
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 31-155 Krakow, Poland; (B.S.); (M.C.); (R.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Jakub Tabin
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Elwira Schmidt
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 31-155 Krakow, Poland; (B.S.); (M.C.); (R.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Weronika Zwolińska-Faryj
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Robert Chulist
- Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
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Wang Y, Rosenbaum TF, Feng Y. X-ray magnetic diffraction under high pressure. IUCrJ 2019; 6:507-520. [PMID: 31316795 PMCID: PMC6608628 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252519007061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Advances in both non-resonant and resonant X-ray magnetic diffraction since the 1980s have provided researchers with a powerful tool for exploring the spin, orbital and ion degrees of freedom in magnetic solids, as well as parsing their interplay. Here, we discuss key issues for performing X-ray magnetic diffraction on single-crystal samples under high pressure (above 40 GPa) and at cryogenic temperatures (4 K). We present case studies of both non-resonant and resonant X-ray magnetic diffraction under pressure for a spin-flip transition in an incommensurate spin-density-wave material and a continuous quantum phase transition of a commensurate all-in-all-out antiferromagnet. Both cases use diamond-anvil-cell technologies at third-generation synchrotron radiation sources. In addition to the exploration of the athermal emergence and evolution of antiferromagnetism discussed here, these techniques can be applied to the study of the pressure evolution of weak charge order such as charge-density waves, antiferro-type orbital order, the charge anisotropic tensor susceptibility and charge superlattices associated with either primary spin order or softened phonons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishu Wang
- The Institute for Quantum Matter and Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - T. F. Rosenbaum
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Yejun Feng
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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Schoenherr P, Shapovalov K, Schaab J, Yan Z, Bourret ED, Hentschel M, Stengel M, Fiebig M, Cano A, Meier D. Observation of Uncompensated Bound Charges at Improper Ferroelectric Domain Walls. Nano Lett 2019; 19:1659-1664. [PMID: 30747542 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Low-temperature electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) is used to probe unconventional domain walls in the improper ferroelectric semiconductor Er0.99Ca0.01MnO3 down to cryogenic temperatures. The low-temperature EFM maps reveal pronounced electric far fields generated by partially uncompensated domain-wall bound charges. Positively and negatively charged walls display qualitatively different fields as a function of temperature, which we explain based on different screening mechanisms and the corresponding relaxation time of the mobile carriers. Our results demonstrate domain walls in improper ferroelectrics as a unique example of natural interfaces that are stable against the emergence of electrically uncompensated bound charges. The outstanding robustness of improper ferroelectric domain walls in conjunction with their electronic versatility brings us an important step closer to the development of durable and ultrasmall electronic components for next-generation nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggy Schoenherr
- Department of Materials , ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4 , 8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Konstantin Shapovalov
- CNRS , Université de Bordeaux, ICMCB, UPR 9048 , 33600 Pessac , France
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) , Campus UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain
| | - Jakob Schaab
- Department of Materials , ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4 , 8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Zewu Yan
- Department of Physics , ETH Zurich , Otto-Stern-Weg 1 , 8093 Zurich , Switzerland
- Materials Science Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Edith D Bourret
- Materials Science Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Mario Hentschel
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE , University of Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 57 , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Massimiliano Stengel
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) , Campus UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats , 08010 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Manfred Fiebig
- Department of Materials , ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4 , 8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Andrés Cano
- Institut Néel, CNRS & Univ. Grenoble Alpes , 38042 Grenoble , France
| | - Dennis Meier
- Department of Materials , ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4 , 8093 Zurich , Switzerland
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU , 7043 Trondheim , Norway
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9
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Szpotowicz-Czech B, Wiecek M, Szymura J, Maciejczyk M, Szygula Z. Changes in chosen immune system indicators and the level of HSP-70 after single whole-body cryostimulation in healthy men. Cent Eur J Immunol 2018; 43:186-193. [PMID: 30135632 PMCID: PMC6102624 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2018.77389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of our research was to examine the influence of single whole-body cryostimulation (WBC) on chosen immune system indicators including the heat shock protein HSP-70. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was carried out among ten young and healthy men (mean age 22.4 ±1.65, with a body mass index of 22.91 ±2.39 kg/m2). The participants were subjected to single whole-body cryostimulation (at -130°C temperatures) in a special cryogenic chamber for 3 minutes. Blood samples were collected three times: before cryostimulation, 30 minutes and 24 hours after WBC. Immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM), interleukins (IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β) and the heat shock protein (HSP-70) were determined in the blood serum. RESULTS As a result of a single exposure to cryogenic temperatures, a significant increase in the level of IL-6 was observed 30 minutes after the WBC (p < 0.05) and a decrease in the level of HSP-70 24 hours after the treatment (p < 0.05). There were no significant changes in the level of interleukins (IL-10, IL-1β) or immunoglobulins 30 minutes after a single WBC treatment or 24 hours later. CONCLUSIONS Detailed analysis of the issue shows that a single application of whole-body cryostimulation causes a small, modulating effect on the IL-6 level. Single whole-body cryostimulation treatment has also a slight silencing effect on the HSP-70 level in healthy, young men. Reduction in the concentration of HSP-70 24 hours after WBC may indicate lack of the damaging impact on the spatial structure of the protein due to cryogenic temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Magdalena Wiecek
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Szymura
- Department of Clinical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Motor Rehabilitation, University of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcin Maciejczyk
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Szygula
- Department of Sports Medicine and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
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Guan H, Lin J, Qiao B, Yang X, Li L, Miao S, Liu J, Wang A, Wang X, Zhang T. Catalytically Active Rh Sub-Nanoclusters on TiO2 for CO Oxidation at Cryogenic Temperatures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:2820-4. [PMID: 26797803 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The discovery that gold catalysts could be active for CO oxidation at cryogenic temperatures has ignited much excitement in nanocatalysis. Whether the alternative Pt group metal (PGM) catalysts can exhibit such high performance is an interesting research issue. So far, no PGM catalyst shows activity for CO oxidation at cryogenic temperatures. In this work, we report a sub-nano Rh/TiO2 catalyst that can completely convert CO at 223 K. This catalyst exhibits at least three orders of magnitude higher turnover frequency (TOF) than the best Rh-based catalysts and comparable to the well-known Au/TiO2 for CO oxidation. The specific size range of 0.4-0.8 nm Rh clusters is critical to the facile activation of O2 over the Rh-TiO2 interface in a form of Rh-O-O-Ti (superoxide). This superoxide is ready to react with the CO adsorbed on TiO2 sites at cryogenic temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Botao Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Shu Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jingyue Liu
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Aiqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
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