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Cheng X, Wen Q, Li Y, Wang S, Fan G, Ma Z, Guo Y, Li X, Zhang H. Exploration of D-limonene as a sex pheromone for males of Bactrocera minax (Diptera: Tephritidae). Pest Manag Sci 2024; 80:1868-1876. [PMID: 38041609 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bactrocera minax is a devastating pest of citrus fruits. However, there have been no effective control measures before. Few reports on the sex pheromones of B. minax are available. RESULTS In this study, nine of the volatile compounds in adult females were identified using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) in combination with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Among them, d-limonene, caprolactam, 2-Nitro-1H-imidazole, and creatinine could evoke antennal responses in males. Field bioassays showed that only d-limonene could lure male flies, with a relative lure rate of 78.18% in all tested samples, which was significantly higher than that of paraffin oil control, while all volatile compounds did not have any lure effective to female flies. Moreover, d-limonene was diluted with paraffin oil into differential concentrations, the lure effect on males was better at 100, 500, and 800 μL d-limonene mL-1 than pure d-limonene (1000 μL mL-1 ). The relative male lure rate of d-limonene at 100 μL mL-1 was 85.88%, which was significantly higher than that of food-baits (14.12%) on day 3. However, d-limonene was unattractive to female and male Bactrocera dorsalis and Zeugodacus tau. Further kinetic analysis showed that female adults released d-limonene around 15-day post eclosion. Electroantennography 1 results showed that 500 μL mL-1 d-limonene evoked the strongest responses to antennae of 10- to 25-day-old male flies. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that d-limonene could be a sex pheromone from female flies of B. minax, and it could be used as a male-specific sex attractant for B. minax. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Cheng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Wen
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunna Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Fan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaocheng Ma
- College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuancheng Guo
- Danjiangkou Citrus Experimental Station, Danjiangkou, China
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Soleimani H, Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa R, Ghanadian M, Karami A, Cacciola SO. Defense Mechanisms Induced by Celery Seed Essential Oil against Powdery Mildew Incited by Podosphaera fusca in Cucumber. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 10:17. [PMID: 38248927 PMCID: PMC10817264 DOI: 10.3390/jof10010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of essential oil extracted from celery (Apium graveolens) seeds (CSEO) for the control of powdery mildew of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) incited by Podosphaera fusca and to investigate the metabolic and genetic defense mechanisms triggered by the treatment with this essential oil in cucumber seedlings. The main compounds in the CSEO as determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis were d-limonene, 3-butyl phthalide, β-selinene, and mandelic acid. The treatment with CSEO led to an increase in the content of both chlorophyll and phenolic/flavonoid compounds in cucumber leaves. In greenhouse tests, the application of CSEO reduced by 60% the disease severity on leaves of cucumber plants and stimulated the activity of defense-related enzymes such as β-1,3-glucanase, chitinase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase. Moreover, treatment with CSEO induced overexpression of β-1,3-glucanase, chitinase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase genes. A highly significant correlation was found between the β-1,3-glucanase, chitinase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzymatic activities and the relative expression of the corresponding encoding genes in both inoculated and non-inoculated cucumber seedlings treated with the essential oil. Overall, this study showed that CSEO is a promising eco-friendly candidate fungicide that can be exploited to control cucumber powdery mildew.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Soleimani
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7144113131, Iran;
| | | | - Mustafa Ghanadian
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran;
| | - Akbar Karami
- Department of Horticultural Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7144113131, Iran;
| | - Santa Olga Cacciola
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Shalaby AS, Eid HH, El-Shiekh RA, Youssef FS, Al-Karmalawy AA, Farag NA, Sleem AA, Morsy FA, Ibrahim KM, Tadros SH. A Comparative GC/MS Analysis of Citrus Essential Oils: Unveiling the Potential Benefits of Herb-Drug Interactions in Preventing Paracetamol-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300778. [PMID: 37599265 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Our study aimed to test the potential of Citrus oils in protecting against paracetamol (PAR)-induced hepatotoxicity. The essential oils of Pineapple sweet orange (OO), Murcott mandarin (MO), Red grapefruit (GO), and Oval kumquat (KO) were investigated using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Twenty-seven compounds were identified, with monoterpene hydrocarbons being abundant class. d-Limonene had the highest percentage (92.98 %, 92.82 %, 89.75 %, and 94.46 % in OO, MO, GO, and KO, respectively). Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal components analysis (PCA) revealed that octanal, linalool, germacrene D, and d-limonene were the principal discriminatory metabolites that segregated the samples into three distinct clusters. In vitro antioxidant capacities were ranged from 1.2-12.27, 1.79-5.91, and 235.05-585.28 μM Trolox eq/mg oil for 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic (ABTS), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), respectively. In vivo, citrus oils exhibited a significant reduction in alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and nitric oxide (NO). Additionally, there was an increase in glutathione reductase (GSH), and the liver architecture was nearly normal. Molecular docking revealed that d-limonene exhibited a good inhibitory interaction with cytochrome P450 (CYP450) isoforms 1A2, 3A4, and 2E1, with binding energies of -6.17, -4.51, and -5.61 kcal/mol, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya S Shalaby
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Hanaa H Eid
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Riham A El-Shiekh
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Fadia S Youssef
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza, 12566, Egypt
| | - Nahla A Farag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany A Sleem
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Fatma Adly Morsy
- Pathology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Khaled M Ibrahim
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Soad H Tadros
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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Duangjit S, Takayama K, Bumrungthai S, Mahadlek J, Ngawhirunpat T, Opanasopit P. Development of invaethosomes and invaflexosomes for dermal delivery of clotrimazole: optimization, characterization and antifungal activity. Pharm Dev Technol 2023; 28:611-624. [PMID: 37357890 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2023.2229104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop novel invaethosomes (I-ETS) and invaflexosomes (I-FXS) to enhance the dermal delivery of clotrimazole (CZ). Twenty model CZ-loaded I-ETS and I-FXS formulations were created according to a face-centered central composite experimental design. CZ-loaded vesicle formulations containing a constant concentration of 0.025% w/v CZ and various amounts of ethanol, d-limonene, and polysorbate 20 as penetration enhancers were prepared using the thin film hydration method. The physicochemical characteristics, skin permeability, and antifungal activity were characterized. The skin permeability of the experimental CZ-loaded I-ETS/I-FXS was significantly higher than that of conventional ethosomes, flexosomes, and the commercial product (1% w/w CZ cream). The mechanism of action was confirmed to be skin penetration of low ethanol base vesicles through the disruption of the skin microstructure. The optimal I-ETS in vitro antifungal activity against C. albicans differed significantly from that of ETS and the commercial cream (control). The response surface methodology predicted by Design Expert® was helpful in understanding the complicated relationship between the causal factors and the response variables of the 0.025% w/v CZ-loaded I-ETS/I-FXS formulation. Based on the available information, double vesicles seem to be promising versatile carriers for dermal drug delivery of CZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sureewan Duangjit
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
| | - Kozo Takayama
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Sureewan Bumrungthai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
| | - Jongjan Mahadlek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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Corrêa ANR, Weimer P, Rossi RC, Hoffmann JF, Koester LS, Suyenaga ES, Ferreira CD. Lime and orange essential oils and d-limonene as a potential COVID-19 inhibitor: Computational, in chemico, and cytotoxicity analysis. FOOD BIOSCI 2023; 51:102348. [PMID: 36597499 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has substantially impacted the world health systems, causing public health concerns, and the search for new compounds with antiviral activity is of extreme interest. Natural molecules with bioactive potential are a trend, with essential oils (Eos) being the focus of recent studies. Thus, this study evaluates in chemico the d-limonene inhibitory activities in the viral genome of SARS-CoV-2 and analyzes the cytotoxic potential and safety profile of d-limonene and lime and orange EOs with a high content of d-limonene. The EOs were extracted and characterized, and the in chemico computational analysis for the determination as a potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 was performed with d-limonene, the major compound in EOs. The cytotoxicity analysis of EOs and d-limonene was carried out with MRC-5 and HaCaT, and the preliminary safety profile was also evaluated by the HET-CAM assay. d-limonene was suggested as a promising compound for anti-SARS-CoV-2 research, since the molecule does not provide mutagenic and cytotoxic fragments, and does not have irritating potential when diluted, in addition to having favorable pharmacokinetic characteristics, through in chemico analysis. Collectively, the results reveal the antiviral potential of lime and orange EOs, as well as their major compound. In this sense, further studies should be conducted to understand the antiviral mechanisms.
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da Silva MD, da Boit Martinello K, Knani S, Lütke SF, Machado LMM, Manera C, Perondi D, Godinho M, Collazzo GC, Silva LFO, Dotto GL. Pyrolysis of citrus wastes for the simultaneous production of adsorbents for Cu(II), H 2, and d-limonene. Waste Manag 2022; 152:17-29. [PMID: 35964399 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A route based on pyrolysis and physical activation with H2O and CO2 was proposed to reuse citrus waste traditionally discarded. The citrus wastes were orange peel (OP), mandarine peel (MP), rangpur lime peel (RLP), and sweet lime peel (SLP). The main aim was to use the solid products of this new route as adsorbents for Cu(II) ions. Copper ions are among the most important water pollutants due to their non-degradability, toxicity, and bioaccumulation, facilitating their inclusion and long persistence in the food chain. Besides the solid products, the liquid and gaseous fractions were evaluated for possible applications. Results showed that the citrus waste composition favored the thermochemical treatment. In addition, the following yields were obtained from the pyrolysis process: approximately 30 % wt. of biochar, 40 % wt. of non-condensable gases, and 30 % wt. of bio-oil. The biochars did not present a high specific surface area. Nevertheless, activated carbons with CO2 and H2O presented specific surface areas of 212.4 m2/g and 399.4 m2/g, respectively, and reached Cu(II) adsorption capacities of 28.2 mg g-1 and 27.8 mg g-1. The adsorption kinetic study revealed that the equilibrium was attained at 60 min and the pseudo-second-order model presented a better fit to the experimental data. The main generated gases were CO2, which could be employed as an activating agent for activated carbon production. d-limonene, used for food and medicinal purposes, was the main constituent of the bio-oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariele D da Silva
- Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Salah Knani
- Northern Border University, College of Science, Arar, PO Box 1631, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabrina F Lütke
- Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Lauren M M Machado
- Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Christian Manera
- Engineering of Processes and Technologies Post-Graduate Program, University of Caxias do Sul- UCS, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daniele Perondi
- Engineering of Processes and Technologies Post-Graduate Program, University of Caxias do Sul- UCS, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Godinho
- Engineering of Processes and Technologies Post-Graduate Program, University of Caxias do Sul- UCS, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriela C Collazzo
- Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luis F O Silva
- Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia.
| | - Guilherme L Dotto
- Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Wen T, Nie Q, Han L, Gong Z, Li D, Ma Q, Wang Z, He W, Wen L, Peng H. Molecularly imprinted polymers-based piezoelectric coupling sensor for the rapid and nondestructive detection of infested citrus. Food Chem 2022; 387:132905. [PMID: 35447512 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wen
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Qiyi Nie
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Longbo Han
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Zhongliang Gong
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- College of Science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Weitao He
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Liang Wen
- College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Hailong Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, China.
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Hu Y, Zhang Z, Hua B, Tao L, Chen W, Gao Y, Suo J, Yu W, Wu J, Song L. The interaction of temperature and relative humidity affects the main aromatic components in postharvest Torreya grandis nuts. Food Chem 2022; 368:130836. [PMID: 34411862 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The postharvest ripening stage is necessary for Torreya grandis (T. grandis) nuts to complete aromatic synthesis, which requires appropriate temperature and relative humidity (RH). Currently, scarce information is available regarding the changes in aroma profiles in T. grandis nuts and the relationship with their response to different environmental conditions. Therefore, the interaction of temperature (20 °C or 30 °C) and relative humidity (70% RH or 90% RH) was investigated on aromatic substances after harvest. The results showed that 56 aromatic components were detected by a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and mainly divided into five categories, among which terpenes were the most abundant (56.2-86.7%). Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that both temperature and humidity can affect the aroma composition, and terpenes were mainly influenced by humidity. Specifically, d-limonene occupied the largest proportion of terpenes (63.0-90.8%) and was significantly upregulated by high humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zuying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bin Hua
- Forestry Station of Agricultural Technology Extension Center in Hangzhou Fuyang District, Hangzhou 311400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liu Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenchao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yadi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jinwei Suo
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weiwu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiasheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Lili Song
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China; Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Hirai M, Ota Y, Ito M. Diversity in principal constituents of plants with a lemony scent and the predominance of citral. J Nat Med 2021. [PMID: 34338951 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01553-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we extracted essential oils from four species of plants with lemony scents (Melissa officinalis L., Aloysia citriodora Palau (= Lippia citriodora (Palau) Kunth), Thymus × citriodorus, Perilla citriodora (Makino) Nakai). We then examined the components of extracts using gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A comparison of components indicated that the largest proportions of essential oils were caryophyllene (25%) in M. officinalis, geraniol (50%) in T. citriodorus, and citral (61 and 82%) in A. citriodora and P. citriodora. Moreover, we used a sensory evaluation method using dilute aqueous solutions of extract components, citral, linalool, d-limonene, and geraniol, to select the mixture with a flavor that mostly resembled lemon. The participants in the study felt that an aqueous citral solution flavored more like lemon than aqueous d-limonene. Furthermore, an open field study of sedative effects of citral and d-limonene, when inhaled, on mice demonstrated that citral exhibited a sedative effect at a lower concentration than that of d-limonene.
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Drewer J, Leduning MM, Purser G, Cash JM, Sentian J, Skiba UM. Monoterpenes from tropical forest and oil palm plantation floor in Malaysian Borneo/Sabah: emission and composition. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:31792-31802. [PMID: 33611733 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13052-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Regional estimates of VOC fluxes focus largely on emissions from the canopy and omit potential contributions from the forest floor including soil, litter and understorey vegetation. Here, we measured monoterpene emissions every 2 months over 2 years from logged tropical forest and oil palm plantation floor in Malaysian Borneo using static flux chambers. The main emitted monoterpenes were α-pinene, β-pinene and d-limonene. The amount of litter present was the strongest indicator for higher monoterpene fluxes. Mean α-pinene fluxes were around 2.5-3.5 μg C m-2 h-1 from the forest floor with occasional fluxes exceeding 100 μg C m-2 h-1. Fluxes from the oil palm plantation, where hardly any litter was present, were lower (on average 0.5-2.9 μg C m-2 h-1) and only higher when litter was present. All other measured monoterpenes were emitted at lower rates. No seasonal trends could be identified for all monoterpenes and mean fluxes from both forest and plantation floor were ~ 100 times smaller than canopy emission rates reported in the literature. Occasional spikes of higher emissions from the forest floor, however, warrant further investigation in terms of underlying processes and their contribution to regional scale atmospheric fluxes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Drewer
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK.
| | - Melissa M Leduning
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 84400, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Gemma Purser
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK
| | - James M Cash
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK
| | - Justin Sentian
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 84400, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Ute M Skiba
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK
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Alehosseini E, Jafari SM, Shahiri Tabarestani H. Production of d-limonene-loaded Pickering emulsions stabilized by chitosan nanoparticles. Food Chem 2021; 354:129591. [PMID: 33756315 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, Pickering emulsions have been considered as an efficient method to maintain and protect the functional properties of essential oils against the harsh conditions. In this research, the encapsulation of d-limonene, as an aromatic component with several distinct properties, was conducted through optimizing the production of Pickering emulsions stabilized by chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) and using the response surface methodology; independent variables were different concentrations of CSNPs (0.43, 0.25, and 0.07% w/v) and ratio of d-limonene to Pickering emulsions (5, 15, and 25%). The stability of the emulsions increased at higher contents of the CSNPs. By increasing the concentration of CSNPs and ratio of d-limonene to Pickering emulsion, viscosity of Pickering emulsions was considerably increased. Considering the chemical interactions, thermal behaviors, and crystallinity of samples, CSNPs can be used as an appropriate stabilizer for d-limonene-loaded emulsions and a food grade delivery carrier for the bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Alehosseini
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Hoda Shahiri Tabarestani
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
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Vukmirovic D, Vo NTK, Seymour C, Rollo D, Mothersill C. Influence of common dietary supplements (curcumin, andrographolide, and d-limonene) on the radiobiological responses of p53-competent colonic cancer epithelial cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 97:341-347. [PMID: 33320772 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1864499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The main goal of the research was to determine whether commercially available common dietary phytochemical supplements (curcumin, andrographolide, and d-limonene) have radiomodulatory effects on p53-competent human colonic epithelial cells. METHODS Clonogenic survival assays were used to characterize effects of the phytochemicals on cultured colonic epithelial cells (HCT116 p53+/+) in direct irradiation or upon receipt of irradiated-cell conditioned media (for bystander effects). In direct irradiation, feeding regimen experiments included compound administration pre- and post-irradiation, which was used as a basis to define effects as radioprotective and radiomitigative, respectively. In the bystander effect experiments, either donor or recipient cell cultures were fed with the phytochemicals and bystander-induced clonogenic cell death was quantitatively evaluated. Dose challenge was in the range of 0.5 - 5 Gy using the gamma source (Cs-137). RESULTS Curcumin, andrographolide, and d-limonene appeared to not exhibit radioprotective and radiomitigative properties in HCT116 p53+/+ cells. D-limonene was found to induce radiosensitization in post-irradiation administration. All three compounds appeared not to modulate the radiation-induced bystander signal production and response in HCT116 p53+/+ cells. CONCLUSIONS Curcumin, andrographolide, and d-limonene are known to have many chemoprotective benefits. This work shows that they, however, did not protect colonic epithelial HCT116 p53+/+ cells from radiation killing. As HCT116 p53+/+ cells are tumourigenic in nature, this finding implies that these three dietary compounds would not reduce the killing efficacy of radiation in gastrointestinal tumorigenesis. The post-irradiation radiosensitizing effect of d-limonene was an intriguing observation worth further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusan Vukmirovic
- Radiation Sciences Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Nguyen T K Vo
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,School of Interdisciplinary Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Colin Seymour
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Dave Rollo
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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Figueira JA, Porto-Figueira P, Pereira JAM, Câmara JS. Tangerines Cultivated on Madeira Island-A High Throughput Natural Source of Bioactive Compounds. Foods 2020; 9:E1470. [PMID: 33076393 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tangerines (Citrus reticulata) are popular fruits worldwide, being rich in many bioactive metabolites. The setubalense variety cultivated on Madeira Island has an intense aroma easily distinguishable from other tangerines, being traditionally used to enrich several foods and beverages. Nonetheless, setubalense volatile composition has never been characterized, and we aimed to unveil the bioactive potential of peels and juices of setubalense tangerines and compare them with the murcott variety grown in Portugal mainland. Using headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS), we identified a total of 128 volatile organic metabolites (VOMs) in the juice and peels, with d-limonene, γ-terpinene, β-myrcene, α- and β-pinene, o-cymene, and terpinolene, the most dominant in both cultivars. In contrast, setubalense juices are richer in terpenes, many of them associated with health protection. Discriminant analysis revealed a pool of VOMs, including β-caryophyllene and E-ocimene, with bioactive properties able to differentiate among tangerines according to variety and sample type (peel vs. juice). This is the first report on the volatile composition of setubalense tangerines grown on Madeira Island revealing that its pungent aroma is constituted by secondary metabolites with specific aroma notes and health properties. This is strong evidence of the higher nutraceutical value of such fruit for the human diet.
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Chen C, Sheng Y, Hu Y, Sun J, Li W, Feng H, Tang L. Determination of d-limonene in mice plasma and tissues by a new GC-MS/MS method: Comparison of the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution by oral and inhalation administration in mice. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4530. [PMID: 30845345 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to develop a method based on gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) to determine and quantify the d-limonene in mouse plasma and tissue samples. This new method was validated for the quantification of d-limonene with the linearity ranges 1.0-1000.0 ng/mL (r2 > 0.9952) for plasma samples and 5.0-5000.0 ng/g (r2 > 0.9940) for tissue samples. The intra- and inter-day assay of precisions in plasma and tissues were <13.4% and the accuracies were within 91.1-105.8%. In the oral/inhalation administration pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution studies, the main pharmacokinetic parameters were the peak concentration = (97.150 ± 34.450)/(4336.415 ± 1142.418) ng/mL, the area under the curve = (162.828± 27.447)/(2085.721 ± 547.787) h ng/mL and the half-life = (3.196 ± 0.825)/(0.989 ± 0.095) h. The tissue distribution of d-limonene in mice after oral/inhalation administration demonstrated a decreasing tendency in different tissues (liver > kidney > heart > lung > spleen).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunhua Sheng
- Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongmin Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liming Tang
- Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, China
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Lan W, Liang X, Lan W, Ahmed S, Liu Y, Qin W. Electrospun Polyvinyl Alcohol/ d-Limonene Fibers Prepared by Ultrasonic Processing for Antibacterial Active Packaging Material. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24040767. [PMID: 30791596 PMCID: PMC6412656 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel fibers containing different ratios of PVA and d-limonene were fabricated using electrospinning for antibacterial active packaging applications. The PVA/d-limonene fibers were thoroughly characterized using a scanning electron microscope, fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, thermal gravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, tensile tests, and oxygen permeability tests. The results of these analyses showed that the highest tensile strength and elongation at break values of 3.87 ± 0.25 MPa and 55.62 ± 2.93%, respectively, were achieved for a PVA/d-limonene ratio of 7:3 (v/v) and an ultrasonication time of 15 min during processing. This material also showed the lowest oxygen permeation and the best degradability and bacteriostatic properties of all samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Lan
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China.
- INRA, UMR408 Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale, F-84000 Avignon, France.
| | - Xue Liang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China.
| | - Wenting Lan
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China.
| | - Saeed Ahmed
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China.
| | - Yaowen Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Wen Qin
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China.
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Charoensumran P, Ajiro H. Cationic Moieties in Polystyrene Gels Swollen with d-Limonene Improved Transdermal Delivery System. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1200. [PMID: 30961125 DOI: 10.3390/polym10111200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
d-limonene, a terpene and natural compound, has been found to be an excellent penetration enhancer for transdermal drug delivery (TDD). It hence has been incorporated within various transdermal formulations. Herein, we report the application of polystyrene gel swollen with d-limonene and its derivatives for TDD. Poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) (PS gel), poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene-co-4-vinylpyridine) (PS-4VP) gel and poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene-co-(vinylbenzyl) trimethylammonium chloride) (PS-VBAC gel) were employed as chemical gels to improve the stability of the TDD substrates. The drug permeation properties from the PS gels swollen in limonene were examined, regarding the effect of its network density as well as their rheological properties. The lowest density of the network showed the highest steady flux of the permeation at 43.7 ± 0.3 μg/cm². FT-IR spectra were confirmed for PS-4VP and PS-VBAC, bearing cationic moieties and they could control the release of ibuprofen by the electrostatic interaction at the interface of organogel and skin. The steady state flux of skin permeation got low values from 55.2 ± 0.8 to 11.6 ± 2.0 μg/cm², when the cationic moieties were increased. Moreover, the chemical network of PS gel swollen in limonene showed high mechanical stability illustrated by elastic modulus (G') of about 98 kPa for 10% cross-linked PS gel. The developed PS gels swollen in limonene show highly promising results, suggesting their possible application in TDD.
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Rodríguez A, Kava V, Latorre‐García L, da Silva GJ, Pereira RG, Glienke C, Ferreira‐Maba LS, Vicent A, Shimada T, Peña L. Engineering d-limonene synthase down-regulation in orange fruit induces resistance against the fungus Phyllosticta citricarpa through enhanced accumulation of monoterpene alcohols and activation of defence. Mol Plant Pathol 2018; 19:2077-2093. [PMID: 29573543 PMCID: PMC6638045 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Terpene volatiles play an important role in the interactions between specialized pathogens and fruits. Citrus black spot (CBS), caused by the fungus Phyllosticta citricarpa, is associated with crop losses in different citrus-growing areas worldwide. The pathogen may infect the fruit for 20-24 weeks after petal fall, but the typical hard spot symptoms appear when the fruit have almost reached maturity, caused by fungal colonization and the induction of cell lysis around essential oil cavities. d-Limonene represents approximately 95% of the total oil gland content in mature orange fruit. Herein, we investigated whether orange fruit with reduced d-limonene content in peel oil glands via an antisense (AS) approach may affect fruit interaction with P. citricarpa relative to empty vector (EV) controls. AS fruit showed enhanced resistance to the fungus relative to EV fruit. Because of the reduced d-limonene content, an over-accumulation of linalool and other monoterpene alcohols was found in AS relative to EV fruit. A global gene expression analysis at 2 h and 8 days after inoculation with P. citricarpa revealed the activation of defence responses in AS fruit via the up-regulation of different pathogenesis-related (PR) protein genes, probably as a result of enhanced constitutive accumulation of linalool and other alcohols. When assayed in vitro and in vivo, monoterpene alcohols at the concentrations present in AS fruit showed strong antifungal activity. We show here that terpene engineering in fruit peels could be a promising method for the development of new strategies to obtain resistance to fruit diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rodríguez
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura (Fundecitrus)AraraquaraSão Paulo 14807–040Brazil
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IBMCP‐CSIC)Valencia 46022Spain
| | - Vanessa Kava
- Depto. de Genética, Universidade Federal do ParanáCuritibaParaná 81.531‐980Brazil
| | - Lorena Latorre‐García
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IBMCP‐CSIC)Valencia 46022Spain
| | - Geraldo J. da Silva
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura (Fundecitrus)AraraquaraSão Paulo 14807–040Brazil
| | - Rosana G. Pereira
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura (Fundecitrus)AraraquaraSão Paulo 14807–040Brazil
| | - Chirlei Glienke
- Depto. de Genética, Universidade Federal do ParanáCuritibaParaná 81.531‐980Brazil
| | | | - Antonio Vicent
- Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA)Moncada, Valencia 46113Spain
| | - Takehiko Shimada
- National Institute of Fruit Tree Science (NIFTS), National Agriculture and Bio‐oriented Research Organization (NARO)Shizuoka, Shizuoka 424‐0292Japan
| | - Leandro Peña
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura (Fundecitrus)AraraquaraSão Paulo 14807–040Brazil
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IBMCP‐CSIC)Valencia 46022Spain
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Yu X, Lin H, Wang Y, Lv W, Zhang S, Qian Y, Deng X, Feng N, Yu H, Qian B. d-limonene exhibits antitumor activity by inducing autophagy and apoptosis in lung cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:1833-1847. [PMID: 29670359 PMCID: PMC5894671 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s155716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose d-limonene is a plant extract with widespread application, and it has been recently reported to have antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects on cancer cells. However, the mechanisms by which d-limonene achieves these effects, especially in lung cancer, are not entirely clear. Therefore, the goal of this study was to examine the effects of d-limonene on lung cancer and explore its mechanisms of action. Methods We examined the therapeutic effects of d-limonene on lung cancer cells and in a xenograft animal model by characterizing its effects on the pathways of apoptosis and autophagy. Cell proliferation was measured using the Cell Counting Kit-8, and apoptosis was determined by flow cytometric analysis. Levels of LC3 puncta, an autophagy marker, were analyzed by laser scanning confocal microscopy. Autophagy and apoptosis-related gene expression were assessed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Results d-limonene inhibited the growth of lung cancer cells and suppressed the growth of transplanted tumors in nude mice. Expression of apoptosis and autophagy-related genes were increased in tumors after treatment with d-limonene. Furthermore, the use of chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor, and knockdown of the atg5 gene, suppressed the apoptosis induced by d-limonene. Conclusion d-limonene may have a therapeutic effect on lung cancer as it can induce apoptosis of lung cancer cells by promoting autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital & Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyan Lin
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital & Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital & Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenwen Lv
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital & Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital & Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Qian
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital & Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobei Deng
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital & Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nannan Feng
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital & Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Herbert Yu
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Biyun Qian
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital & Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Al-Aamri MS, Al-Abousi NM, Al-Jabri SS, Alam T, Khan SA. Chemical composition and in-vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Citrus aurantifolia L. leaves grown in Eastern Oman. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2018; 13:108-112. [PMID: 31435312 PMCID: PMC6694922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study investigated the chemical composition and the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil isolated from the aerial parts of Citrus aurantifolia L. Methods Fresh Citrus aurantifolia L. leaves were collected from farms in Sur city, located in the Al-Sharqia (Eastern) region of the Sultanate of Oman, during June-July of 2015. The essential oil was isolated using hydrodistillation. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify and quantify the chemical constituents of the oil. An in-vitro 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method was used to determine the antioxidant activity of the isolated oil from the lime leaves while a disc diffusion method was used to evaluate the antibacterial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Results Thirty-three chemical compounds were identified, with d-limonene (63.35%) forming the major constituent. Other prominent constituents include 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol (7.07%), geraniol (6.23%), E-citral (4.35%), Z-citral (3.29%), and β-ocimene (2.25%). The essential oil of Citrus aurantifolia L. leaves showed excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and moderate activity against pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. The oil exhibited promising in-vitro antioxidant activity (IC50 value = 21.57 μg/mL) but showed moderate antibacterial activities. Conclusions The essential oil from Omani lime leaves is characterized by a high d-limonene content, making it useful for food, pharmaceutical, and perfumery industries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tanveer Alam
- Oman's Medicinal Plants & Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Oman
| | - Shah A Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Oman Medical College, Muscat, Oman
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Navarrete A, Ávila-Rosas N, Majín-León M, Balderas-López JL, Alfaro-Romero A, Tavares-Carvalho JC. Mechanism of action of relaxant effect of Agastache mexicana ssp.mexicana essential oil in guinea-pig trachea smooth muscle. Pharm Biol 2017; 55:96-100. [PMID: 27927103 PMCID: PMC7011954 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1230140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Agastache mexicana ssp. mexicana (Kunth) Lint & Epling (Lamiaceae), popularly known as 'toronjil morado', is used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of several diseases such as hypertension, anxiety and respiratory disorders. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the relaxant action mechanism of A. mexicana ssp. mexicana essential oil (AMEO) in guinea-pig isolated trachea model. MATERIALS AND METHOD AMEO was analyzed by GC/MS. The relaxant effect of AMEO (5-50 μg/mL) was tested in guinea-pig trachea pre-contracted with carbachol (3 × 10 - 6 M) or histamine (3 × 10 - 5 M) in the presence or absence of glibenclamide (10 - 5 M), propranolol (3 × 10 - 6 M) or 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine (10 - 5 M). The antagonist effect of AMEO (10-300 μg/mL) against contractions elicited by carbachol (10 - 15-10 - 3 M), histamine (10 - 15-10 - 3 M) or calcium (10-300 μg/mL) was evaluated. RESULTS Essential oil composition was estragole, d-limonene and linalyl anthranilate. AMEO relaxed the carbachol (EC50 = 18.25 ± 1.03 μg/mL) and histamine (EC50 = 13.3 ± 1.02 μg/mL)-induced contractions. The relaxant effect of AMEO was not modified by the presence of propranolol, glibenclamide or 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine, suggesting that effect of AMEO is not related to β2-adrenergic receptors, ATP-sensitive potassium channels or adenylate cyclase activation. AMEO was more potent to antagonize histamine (pA2' = -1.507 ± 0.122) than carbachol (pA2' = -2.180 ± 0.357). Also, AMEO antagonized the calcium chloride-induced contractions. CONCLUSION The results suggest that relaxant effect of AMEO might be due to blockade of calcium influx in guinea-pig trachea smooth muscle. It is possible that estragole and d-limonene could contribute majority in the relaxant effect of AMEO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Navarrete
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Natalia Ávila-Rosas
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Mateo Majín-León
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - José Luis Balderas-López
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alejandro Alfaro-Romero
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - José Carlos Tavares-Carvalho
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Curso de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil
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Koutinas M, Patsalou M, Stavrinou S, Vyrides I. High temperature alcoholic fermentation of orange peel by the newly isolated thermotolerant Pichia kudriavzevii KVMP10. Lett Appl Microbiol 2016; 62:75-83. [PMID: 26510181 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This work explores the potential for the development of orange peel based ethanol bioprocesses through isolation of the thermotolerant Pichia kudriavzevii KVMP10. A model solution of hydrolysed Valencia orange peel was employed to determine the ethanologenic potential of the yeast, which was maximized at 42°C producing 54 g l(-1) of ethanol. The effect of orange peel oil on bioethanol formation was investigated at 30 and 42°C confirming that the minimum inhibitory peel oil content was 0·01% (v/v). Pichia kudriavzevii KVMP10 demonstrated significant technological advantages for the production of sustainable bioenergy, such as utilization of both hexoses (glucose, sucrose, fructose and galactose) and pentoses (xylose) at high temperatures, exemplifying its great potential for application in orange peel based biorefineries for ethanol production. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Citrus peel waste is one of the most underutilized and geographically diverse residues in the planet. In attempt to develop a citrus peel based biorefinery we report here the isolation of a yeast which exhibited favourable technological characteristics for the production of ethanol through utilization of the specific food waste. Pichia kudriavzevii KVMP10 was highly thermotolerant and utilized both hexoses and pentoses for ethanol production, which was achieved at elevated rates, highlighting its great potential for application in ethanol production processes from citrus peel.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Koutinas
- Department of Environmental Science & Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - M Patsalou
- Department of Environmental Science & Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - S Stavrinou
- Department of Environmental Science & Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - I Vyrides
- Department of Environmental Science & Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
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22
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Zahi MR, El Hattab M, Liang H, Yuan Q. Enhancing the antimicrobial activity of d-limonene nanoemulsion with the inclusion of ε-polylysine. Food Chem 2016; 221:18-23. [PMID: 27979165 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this research was to investigate the synergism between ε-polylysine and d-limonene and develop a novel nanoemulsion system by merging the positive effect of these two antimicrobial agents. Results from the checkerboard method showed that ε-polylysine and d-limonene exhibit strong synergistic and useful additive effects against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In addition, d-limonene nanoemulsion with the inclusion of ε-polylysine was successfully prepared by high pressure homogenizer technology. Its antimicrobial efficiency was compared with pure d-limonene nanoemulsion by measuring the minimal inhibitory concentration, electronic microscope observation and the leakage of the intercellular constituents. The results demonstrated a wide improvement of the antimicrobial activity of d-limonene nanoemulsion following the inclusion of ε-polylysine. Overall, the current study may have a valuable contribution to make in developing a more efficient antimicrobial system in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Reda Zahi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry and Biomolecules, University of Blida 1, BP 270 Blida, Algeria
| | - Mohamed El Hattab
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry and Biomolecules, University of Blida 1, BP 270 Blida, Algeria
| | - Hao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qipeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Bennike NH, Lepoittevin JP, Johansen JD. Can contact allergy to p-phenylenediamine explain the high rates of terpene hydroperoxide allergy? - An epidemiological study based on consecutive patch test results. Contact Dermatitis 2016; 76:67-73. [PMID: 27251025 DOI: 10.1111/cod.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contact allergy to linalool hydroperoxides (Lin-OOHs) and limonene hydroperoxides (Lim-OOHs) is common. Similarly to what occurs with the terpene hydroperoxides, reactive intermediates formed from p-phenylenediamine (PPD) can cause oxidative modifications of tryptophan residues on proteins in mechanistic studies. OBJECTIVES To test the hypothesis that patients sensitized to PPD are at increased risk of concomitant reactivity to either of the terpene hydroperoxides, owing to a 'common pathway' of skin protein oxidation. METHODS A database study of consecutively patch tested eczema patients (n = 3843) from 2012 to 2015, tested concomitantly with PPD, Lim-OOHs and Lin-OOHs, was performed. Associations were examined by level of concordance and odds ratios (ORs) adjusted for age, sex, and contact allergy to fragrance mix I and fragrance mix II. RESULTS Concomitant reactions to PPD were seen in 2.2% of Lim-OOH-positive patients and in 4.9% of Lin-OOH-positive patients. Neither proportion was higher than expected by chance. No association existed between PPD and Lim-OOH patch test reactivity. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, PPD allergy was associated with an insignificantly increased risk (OR 2.11, 95%CI:0.92-4.80) of a positive patch test reaction to Lin-OOHs. CONCLUSIONS PPD sensitization cannot explain the high rates of sensitization to Lin-OOHs and/or Lim-OOHs. Contact allergy to oxidized linalool is more strongly associated with fragrance allergy than with PPD allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Højsager Bennike
- Department of Dermato-Allergology, National Allergy Research Centre, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Jean-Pierre Lepoittevin
- Dermatochemistry Laboratory, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, University of Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - Jeanne D Johansen
- Department of Dermato-Allergology, National Allergy Research Centre, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
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24
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Maté J, Periago PM, Palop A. Combined effect of a nanoemulsion of D-limonene and nisin on Listeria monocytogenes growth and viability in culture media and foods. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2015; 22:146-52. [PMID: 25788168 DOI: 10.1177/1082013215577034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present work evaluated the antibacterial effect of nanoemulsions from natural compounds d-limonene and nisin against Listeria monocytogenes in tryptic soy broth growth medium, chicken broth, and vegetable cream. Experiments were performed by means of optical density growth curves and studies of viability in culture media and foods. Stability of nanoemulsions was evaluated by a Mastersizer 2000 equipment. Results showed greater effectiveness when applying D-limonene in form of nanoemulsion than when applying it directly, and when using both compounds together, both directly and in the form of nanoemulsion. Concentration of L. monocytogenes decreased at least in three log cycles in all the culture media and foods used within the first 90 min after the addition of the natural antimicrobials combined in form of nanoemulsion. Moreover, the growth of L. monocytogenes was inhibited with the combination of antimicrobials in the four weeks that the experiment lasted. Nanoemulsion technology would solve present problems of solubility and stability of oily antimicrobials in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Maté
- Dpto. Ingeniería de Alimentos y del Equipamiento Agrícola, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Regional "Campus Mare Nostrum", Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Spain
| | - Paula M Periago
- Dpto. Ingeniería de Alimentos y del Equipamiento Agrícola, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Regional "Campus Mare Nostrum", Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Spain Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Regional "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Spain
| | - Alfredo Palop
- Dpto. Ingeniería de Alimentos y del Equipamiento Agrícola, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Regional "Campus Mare Nostrum", Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Spain Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Regional "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Spain
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25
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Zahi MR, Wan P, Liang H, Yuan Q. Formation and stability of D-limonene organogel-based nanoemulsion prepared by a high-pressure homogenizer. J Agric Food Chem 2014; 62:12563-12569. [PMID: 25514199 DOI: 10.1021/jf5032108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
D-limonene organogel-based nanoemulsion was prepared by high-pressure homogenization technology. The organogelator type had a major role on the formation of the formulations, in which stearic acid has given nanoemulsions with the smallest droplet size. The surfactant type and concentration also had an appreciable effect on droplet formation, with Tween 80 giving a mean droplet diameter (d ≈ 112 nm) among a range of non-ionic surfactants (Tween 20, 40, 60, 80, and 85). In addition, high-pressure homogenization conditions played a key role in the nanoemulsion preparation. The stability of d-limonene organogel-based nanoemulsion was also investigated under two different temperatures (4 and 28 °C) through 2 weeks of storage. Results showed a good stability of the formulations, which is maybe due to the incorporation of D-limonene into the organogel prior to homogenization. This study may have a valuable contribution for the design and use of organogel-based nanoemulsion as a delivery system in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Reda Zahi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, and ‡School of Science, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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26
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Pesonen M, Suomela S, Kuuliala O, Henriks-Eckerman ML, Aalto-Korte K. Occupational contact dermatitis caused by D-limonene. Contact Dermatitis 2014; 71:273-9. [PMID: 25141986 DOI: 10.1111/cod.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limonene is widely used as a fragrance substance and solvent in cleansing products. Oxidized limonene is a frequent contact allergen among consumers of cosmetics, personal care products, and scented household cleaning products. Less is known about the sources of occupational exposure and occupational contact dermatitis caused by limonene. OBJECTIVE To report 14 patients with occupational contact allergy to limonene. METHODS The patients were examined in 2008-2013. An in-house preparation of oxidized limonene was patch tested as 3% and 5% in petrolatum from 2008 to August 2010, and after this as 3%, 1% and 0.3% pet. From 2012 onwards, a commercial test substance of limonene hydroperoxides was also used. We assessed the patients' occupational and domestic exposure to limonene. RESULTS Occupational limonene allergy was observed in workers who used limonene-containing machine-cleaning detergents and hand cleansers, and in workers who used limonene-containing surface cleaners and dishwashing liquids similar to those used by consumers. In 3 cases, the occupational limonene allergy resulted from work-related use of limonene-containing, leave-on cosmetic products. CONCLUSIONS Limonene is a frequent occupational sensitizer in hand cleansers and cleaning products. Occupational limonene contact allergy may also be caused by exposure to cosmetic products scented with limonene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pesonen
- Occupational Medicine, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, FI-00250, Helsinki, Finland
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Zhang XZ, Wang L, Liu DW, Tang GY, Zhang HY. Synergistic inhibitory effect of berberine and d-limonene on human gastric carcinoma cell line MGC803. J Med Food 2014; 17:955-62. [PMID: 25045784 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.2967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims at evaluating the anticancer effects of berberine hydrochloride (berberine) and d-limonene, alone and in combination, on human gastric carcinoma cell line MGC803 to determine whether berberine and d-limonene work synergistically and elucidate their mechanisms. MGC803 cells were treated with berberine and d-limonene, alone and in combination, for 24-48 h. The inhibitory effects of these drugs on growth were determined by MTT assay. The combination index and drug reduction index were calculated with the Chou-Talalay method based on the median-effect principle. Flow cytometry and laser scanning confocal microscopy were employed to evaluate the effects of both drugs on cell-cycle perturbation and apoptosis, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, and expression of Bcl-2 and caspase-3 in MGC803 cells. Berberine or d-limonene alone can inhibit the growth of MGC803 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Berberine and d-limonene at a combination ratio of 1:4 exhibited a synergistic effect on anti-MGC803 cells. The two drugs distinctly induced intracellular ROS generation, reduced the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm), enhanced the expression of caspase-3, and decreased the expression of Bcl-2. The combination of berberine and d-limonene showed more remarkable effects compared with drugs used singly in MGC803 cells. The combination of berberine and d-limonene exerted synergistic anticancer effects on MGC803 cells by cell-cycle arrest, ROS production, and apoptosis induction through the mitochondria-mediated intrinsic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Zhen Zhang
- 1 School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology , Zibo, China
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Abstract
The Drosophila embryo has long been a powerful laboratory model for elucidating molecular and genetic mechanisms that control development. The ease of genetic manipulations with this model has supplanted pharmacological approaches that are commonplace in other animal models and cell-based assays. Here we describe recent advances in a protocol that enables application of small molecules to the developing fruit fly embryo. The method details steps to overcome the impermeability of the eggshell while maintaining embryo viability. Eggshell permeabilization across a broad range of developmental stages is achieved by application of a previously described d-limonene embryo permeabilization solvent (EPS1) and by aging embryos at reduced temperature (18 °C) prior to treatments. In addition, use of a far-red dye (CY5) as a permeabilization indicator is described, which is compatible with downstream applications involving standard red and green fluorescent dyes in live and fixed preparations. This protocol is applicable to studies using bioactive compounds to probe developmental mechanisms as well as for studies aimed at evaluating teratogenic or pharmacologic activity of uncharacterized small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Rand
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Dentistry and Medicine;
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Mamatha T, Venkateswara Rao J, Mukkanti K, Ramesh G. Development of matrix type transdermal patches of lercanidipine hydrochloride: physicochemical and in-vitro characterization. Daru 2010; 18:9-16. [PMID: 22615587 PMCID: PMC3232088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2009] [Revised: 01/23/2010] [Accepted: 01/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Lercanidipine hydrochloride (LRDP) is used in the treatment of hypertension because of its selectivity and specificity on the smooth vascular cells. The pharmacokinetic parameters make LRDP a suitable candidate for transdermal delivery. The purpose of the study was to select a suitable formulation for the development of transdermal drug-delivery system (TDDS) of LRDP and to determine the effect of penetration enhancer, limonene on drug permeation METHODS The matrix type TDDS of LRDP were prepared by solvent evaporation technique. Formulations A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 and A6 were composed of Eudragit RL100 (ERL) and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) in 1.5:8.5, 3:7, 4:6, 6:4, 7:3 and 8.5:1.5 ratios respectively. All the six formulations carried 10 mg of LRDP/patch area, 8% v/w of d-limonene as a penetration enhancer, 20% v/w of propylene glycol as plasticizer in methanol and dichloromethane as solvent system. The prepared TDDS were evaluated for physicochemical characteristics, in-vitro release, ex-vivo permeation and skin irritation. The ex-vivo permeation studies were carried out across excised rat skin using Franz diffusion cell. RESULTS All the formulations exhibited satisfactory physicochemical characteristics. Cumulative percentage of the drug released in 24 hrs from the six formulations were 82.0%, 74.9%, 63.2%, 63.5%, 59.8% and 53.5% respectively. Corresponding values for the cumulative amounts of the drug permeated across the rat skin for the above matrix films were 2644.5, 2347.2, 2249.5, 1933.4, 2021.5 and 1663.4 µg/cm(2) respectively. By fitting the data into zero order, first order and Higuchi model, it was concluded that drug release from matrix films followed Higuchi model and the mechanism of the drug release was diffusion mediated. The patches were seemingly free of potentially hazardous skin irritation. CONCLUSIONS The patches composed of ERL, HPMC (1.5:8.5) with 8% v/w limonene as penetration enhancer may be selected for the development of TDDS of LRDP for potential therapeutic use by using a suitable adhesive layer and backing membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Mamatha
- Sultan-Ul-Uloom College of Pharmacy,, Banjarahills Hyderabad, India
| | - J. Venkateswara Rao
- Sultan-Ul-Uloom College of Pharmacy,, Banjarahills Hyderabad, India,Correspondence:
| | - K. Mukkanti
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Kukatpally Hyderabad, India
| | - G. Ramesh
- Centre for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, India
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