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Kwon SK, Kyeong M, Adasooriya D, Cho SW, Jung IY. Histologic and Electron Microscopic Characterization of a Human Immature Permanent Premolar with Chronic Apical Abscess 16 years after Regenerative Endodontic Procedures. J Endod 2023:S0099-2399(23)00289-3. [PMID: 37268290 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported successful clinical outcomes after regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) for immature permanent teeth with pulpal infection. However, it remains unclear whether the procedures promote true regeneration or repair. This case report describes the histologic and electron microscopic characteristics of a human immature permanent premolar with a chronic apical abscess that was treated with an REP. Tooth #20 of a 9-year-old girl underwent an REP. At the 6-year follow-up, the patient was asymptomatic, and closure of the apex and thickening of the dentinal walls were observed. However, 16 years after the procedure, apical periodontitis recurred, necessitating apical surgery. The resected root fragments were obtained during the surgery and analyzed using micro-computed tomography, light microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Distinct dentinal tubules and interglobular dentin were observed in the regenerated hard tissue. Cementum-like tissue and a root canal were also observed in the apical fragment. The regenerated root tissue in this case exhibited a structure similar to the native root structure. Therefore, we believe that cell-free REPs possess regenerative potential for teeth diagnosed with pulp necrosis and chronic apical abscess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Kyung Kwon
- Microscope Center, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minjae Kyeong
- Division of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral biology, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dinuka Adasooriya
- Division of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral biology, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Won Cho
- Division of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral biology, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il-Young Jung
- Professor, Microscope Center, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.
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Shibui T, Hosoya A, Takebe H, Takahashi M, Seki Y, Fujii S, Irie K. Immunohistochemical localization of CD146 and alpha-smooth muscle actin during dentin formation and regeneration. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023. [PMID: 36627835 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 146 (CD146) is known to localize in stem cells and precursor cells of various tissues. In this study, to analyze the function of CD146 in odontoblast differentiation, immunohistochemical localization of CD146 was examined during rat molar tooth development and after cavity preparation. At the cap and bell stages, many CD146-positive cells were visible around the blood vessels in the dental papillae. On Postnatal day 2, osterix-positive odontoblasts were arranged in the dentin sialoprotein (DSP)-positive predentin, and many CD146-positive cells were observed near these odontoblasts with blood vessels. Some perivascular CD146-positive cells overlapped with Smad4-positive cells. However, the immunoreactivity for alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), one of the markers for undifferentiated cells, was negligible. Furthermore, the number of these cells decreased in the dental pulp on Postnatal day 28. On Day 4 after cavity preparation, Osterix-positive odontoblasts appeared lining the reparative dentin. Most of the blood vessels near the reparative dentin showed immunoreactivities for CD146. Reparative odontoblasts actively formed DSP-positive dentin matrix because these cells were positive for Smad4 and Osterix, but not for α-SMA. After 7 days, the number of CD146-positive cells near blood vessels decreased in the dental pulp beneath the cavity. These results suggest that the CD146 is expressed in the perivascular area of the dental pulp and induces vascularization in the vicinity of dentin formation, and some CD146-positive cells are activated by the bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway and differentiate into odontoblasts in the early stages of dentin formation and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Shibui
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akihiro Hosoya
- Division of Histology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takebe
- Division of Histology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masami Takahashi
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yuri Seki
- Division of Histology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Saki Fujii
- Division of Histology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Irie
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
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Takabatake K, Nakano K, Kawai H, Inada Y, Sukegawa S, Qiusheng S, Fushimi S, Tsujigiwa H, Nagatsuka H. Preparation of Absorption-Resistant Hard Tissue Using Dental Pulp-Derived Cells and Honeycomb Tricalcium Phosphate. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:3409. [PMID: 34202970 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the treatment of bone defects using undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vivo. Recently, dental pulp has been proposed as a promising source of pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which can be used in various clinical applications. Dentin is the hard tissue that makes up teeth, and has the same composition and strength as bone. However, unlike bone, dentin is usually not remodeled under physiological conditions. Here, we generated odontoblast-like cells from mouse dental pulp stem cells and combined them with honeycomb tricalcium phosphate (TCP) with a 300 μm hole to create bone-like tissue under the skin of mice. The bone-like hard tissue produced in this study was different from bone tissue, i.e., was not resorbed by osteoclasts and was less easily absorbed than the bone tissue. It has been suggested that hard tissue-forming cells induced from dental pulp do not have the ability to induce osteoclast differentiation. Therefore, the newly created bone-like hard tissue has high potential for absorption-resistant hard tissue repair and regeneration procedures.
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Nam SH, Yamano A, Kim JA, Lim J, Baek SH, Kim JE, Kwon TG, Saito Y, Teruya T, Choi SY, Kim YK, Bae YC, Shin HI, Woo JT, Park EK. Prenylflavonoids isolated from Macaranga tanarius stimulate odontoblast differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells and tooth root formation via the mitogen-activated protein kinase and protein kinase B pathways. Int Endod J 2021; 54:1142-1154. [PMID: 33641170 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM To identify odontogenesis-promoting compounds and examine the molecular mechanism underlying enhanced odontoblast differentiation and tooth formation. METHODOLOGY Five different nymphaeols, nymphaeol B (NB), isonymphaeol B (INB), nymphaeol A (NA), 3'-geranyl-naringenin (GN) and nymphaeol C (NC) were isolated from the fruit of Macaranga tanarius. The cytotoxic effect of nymphaeols on human DPSCs was observed using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The effect of nymphaeols on odontoblast differentiation was analysed with Alizarin Red S staining and odontoblast marker expression was assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. The molecular mechanism was investigated with Western blot analysis. In order to examine the effect of INB on dentine formation in the developing tooth germ, INB-soaked beads were placed under the tooth bud explants in the collagen gel; thereafter, the tooth bud explant-bead complexes were implanted into the sub-renal capsules for 3 weeks. Tooth root formation was analysed using micro-computed tomography and histological analysis. Data are presented as mean ± standard error (SEM) values of three independent experiments, and results are compared using a two-tailed Student's t-test. The data were considered to have statistical significance when the P-value was less than 0.05. RESULTS Three of the compounds, NB, INB, and GN, did not exert a cytotoxic effect on human DPSCs. However, INB was most effective in promoting the deposition of calcium minerals in vitro (P < 0.001) and induced the expression of odontogenic marker genes (P < 0.05). Moreover, this compound strongly induced the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases and protein kinase B (AKT) (P < 0.05). The inhibition of p38 MAP, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and AKT substantially suppressed the INB-induced odontoblast differentiation (P < 0.001). In addition, isonymphaeol B significantly induced the formation of dentine and elongation of the tooth root in vivo (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Prenylflavonoids, including INB, exerted stimulatory effects on odontoblast differentiation and tooth root and dentine formation via the MAP kinase and AKT signalling pathways. These results suggest that nymphaeols could stimulate the repair processes for dentine defects or injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Nam
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - A Yamano
- Faculty of Education, University of the Ryukyu, Nakagami-gun, Japan
| | - J A Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - J Lim
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - S H Baek
- Orthognathic/Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Cha & Baek Dental Clinic, Daegu, Korea
| | - J E Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - T G Kwon
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Y Saito
- Faculty of Education, University of the Ryukyu, Nakagami-gun, Japan
| | - T Teruya
- Faculty of Education, University of the Ryukyu, Nakagami-gun, Japan
| | - S Y Choi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Y K Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Y C Bae
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - H I Shin
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - J T Woo
- Department of Biological Chemistry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - E K Park
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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Takabatake K, Tsujigiwa H, Nakano K, Inada Y, Qiusheng S, Kawai H, Sukegawa S, Fushimi S, Nagatsuka H. Geometrical Structure of Honeycomb TCP to Control Dental Pulp-Derived Cell Differentiation. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:ma13225155. [PMID: 33207665 PMCID: PMC7696394 DOI: 10.3390/ma13225155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Recently, dental pulp has been attracting attention as a promising source of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for various clinical applications of regeneration fields. To date, we have succeeded in establishing rat dental pulp-derived cells showing the characteristics of odontoblasts under in vitro conditions. We named them Tooth matrix-forming, GFP rat-derived Cells (TGC). However, though TGC form massive dentin-like hard tissues under in vivo conditions, this does not lead to the induction of polar odontoblasts. Focusing on the importance of the geometrical structure of an artificial biomaterial to induce cell differentiation and hard tissue formation, we previously have succeeded in developing a new biomaterial, honeycomb tricalcium phosphate (TCP) scaffold with through-holes of various diameters. In this study, to induce polar odontoblasts, TGC were induced to form odontoblasts using honeycomb TCP that had various hole diameters (75, 300, and 500 μm) as a scaffold. The results showed that honeycomb TCP with 300-μm hole diameters (300TCP) differentiated TGC into polar odontoblasts that were DSP positive. Therefore, our study indicates that 300TCP is an appropriate artificial biomaterial for dentin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyofumi Takabatake
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan; (K.T.); (K.N.); (Y.I.); (S.Q.); (H.K.); (S.S.); (S.F.); (H.N.)
| | - Hidetsugu Tsujigiwa
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan; (K.T.); (K.N.); (Y.I.); (S.Q.); (H.K.); (S.S.); (S.F.); (H.N.)
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Keisuke Nakano
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan; (K.T.); (K.N.); (Y.I.); (S.Q.); (H.K.); (S.S.); (S.F.); (H.N.)
| | - Yasunori Inada
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan; (K.T.); (K.N.); (Y.I.); (S.Q.); (H.K.); (S.S.); (S.F.); (H.N.)
| | - Shan Qiusheng
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan; (K.T.); (K.N.); (Y.I.); (S.Q.); (H.K.); (S.S.); (S.F.); (H.N.)
| | - Hotaka Kawai
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan; (K.T.); (K.N.); (Y.I.); (S.Q.); (H.K.); (S.S.); (S.F.); (H.N.)
| | - Shintaro Sukegawa
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan; (K.T.); (K.N.); (Y.I.); (S.Q.); (H.K.); (S.S.); (S.F.); (H.N.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kagawa 760-0065, Japan
| | - Shigeko Fushimi
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan; (K.T.); (K.N.); (Y.I.); (S.Q.); (H.K.); (S.S.); (S.F.); (H.N.)
| | - Hitoshi Nagatsuka
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan; (K.T.); (K.N.); (Y.I.); (S.Q.); (H.K.); (S.S.); (S.F.); (H.N.)
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He L, Liu H, Shi L, Pan S, Yang X, Zhang L, Niu Y. Expression and localization of special AT-rich sequence binding protein 2 in murine molar development and the pulp-dentin complex of human healthy teeth and teeth with pulpitis. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:3507-3512. [PMID: 29042940 PMCID: PMC5639343 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Special AT-rich sequence binding protein 2 (SATB2) is a member of the special family of AT-rich binding transcription factors and has a critical role in osteoblast differentiation and craniofacial patterning. However, the expression and distribution of SATB2 in tooth development is largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to detect the expression and distribution of SATB2 during murine molar development and, in human healthy teeth and teeth with pulpitis using immunohistochemistry. Molars were obtained from Kunming mice at embryonic day (E) 13.5, E14.5, E16.5 and E18.5, and postnatal day (P) 1, P5 and P7. In addition, 20 human teeth (10 healthy and 10 teeth with pulpitis) were obtained from young adult patients (age, 24.90±1.65 years) who were scheduled for routine extraction. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed to detect the expression and distribution of SATB2. The present results revealed that SATB2 exhibits a spatiotemporal expression pattern in murine molar development and was expressed in odontoblasts, predentin, dental pulp cells and the blood vessels in human teeth. These findings suggested that SATB2 may have an important role in odontoblast differentiation and dentin matrix mineralization during tooth development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina He
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Huimei Liu
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Pan
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yumei Niu
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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Dhillon H, Kaushik M, Sharma R. Regenerative endodontics--Creating new horizons. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015; 104:676-85. [PMID: 26699211 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Trauma to the dental pulp, physical or microbiologic, can lead to inflammation of the pulp followed by necrosis. The current treatment modality for such cases is non-surgical root canal treatment. The damaged tissue is extirpated and the root canal system prepared. It is then obturated with an inert material such a gutta percha. In spite of advances in techniques and materials, 10%-15% of the cases may end in failure of treatment. Regenerative endodontics combines principles of endodontics, cell biology, and tissue engineering to provide an ideal treatment for inflamed and necrotic pulp. It utilizes mesenchymal stem cells, growth factors, and organ tissue culture to provide treatment. Potential treatment modalities include induction of blood clot for pulp revascularization, scaffold aided regeneration, and pulp implantation. Although in its infancy, successful treatment of damaged pulp tissue has been performed using principles of regenerative endodontics. This field is dynamic and exciting with the ability to shape the future of endodontics. This article highlights the fundamental concepts, protocol for treatment, and possible avenues for research in regenerative endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harnoor Dhillon
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Army College of Dental Sciences, Secunderabad, India
| | - Mamta Kaushik
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Army College of Dental Sciences, Secunderabad, India
| | - Roshni Sharma
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Army College of Dental Sciences, Secunderabad, India
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