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Sangregorio E, Calcagno L, Medina E, Crnjac A, Jakšic M, Vignati A, Romano F, Milluzzo G, De Napoli M, Camarda M. Single-Ion Counting with an Ultra-Thin-Membrane Silicon Carbide Sensor. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:7692. [PMID: 38138833 PMCID: PMC10744360 DOI: 10.3390/ma16247692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
In recent times, ion implantation has received increasing interest for novel applications related to deterministic material doping on the nanoscale, primarily for the fabrication of solid-state quantum devices. For such applications, precise information concerning the number of implanted ions and their final position within the implanted sample is crucial. In this work, we present an innovative method for the detection of single ions of MeV energy by using a sub-micrometer ultra-thin silicon carbide sensor operated as an in-beam counter of transmitted ions. The SiC sensor signals, when compared to a Passivated Implanted Planar Silicon detector signal, exhibited a 96.5% ion-detection confidence, demonstrating that the membrane sensors can be utilized for high-fidelity ion counting. Furthermore, we assessed the angular straggling of transmitted ions due to the interaction with the SiC sensor, employing the scanning knife-edge method of a focused ion microbeam. The lateral dimension of the ion beam with and without the membrane sensor was compared to the SRIM calculations. The results were used to discuss the potential of such experimental geometry in deterministic ion-implantation schemes as well as other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Sangregorio
- Department of Physics and Astronomy “Ettore Majorana”, University of Catania (Italy), Via Santa Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy;
- STLab srl, Via Anapo 53, 95126 Catania, Italy; (E.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Lucia Calcagno
- Department of Physics and Astronomy “Ettore Majorana”, University of Catania (Italy), Via Santa Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Medina
- STLab srl, Via Anapo 53, 95126 Catania, Italy; (E.M.); (M.C.)
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Turin, Italy;
- INFN—National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Turin Division, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Andreo Crnjac
- Division of Experimental Physics, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Milko Jakšic
- Division of Experimental Physics, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Anna Vignati
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Turin, Italy;
- INFN—National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Turin Division, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Romano
- INFN—National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Catania Division, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.R.); (G.M.); (M.D.N.)
| | - Giuliana Milluzzo
- INFN—National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Catania Division, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.R.); (G.M.); (M.D.N.)
| | - Marzio De Napoli
- INFN—National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Catania Division, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.R.); (G.M.); (M.D.N.)
| | - Massimo Camarda
- STLab srl, Via Anapo 53, 95126 Catania, Italy; (E.M.); (M.C.)
- SenSiC GmbH, DeliveryLAB, 5234 Villigen, Switzerland
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Tobalina A, Munuera-Javaloy C, Torrontegui E, Muga JG, Casanova J. Tailored ion beam for precise colour centre creation. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2022; 380:20210271. [PMID: 36335951 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2021.0271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We present an invariant-based quantum control scheme leading to a highly monochromatic ion beam from a Paul trap. Our protocol is implementable by supplying the segmented electrodes in the trap with voltages of the order of volts. This mitigates the impact of fluctuations in previous designs and leads to a low-dispersion beam of ions. Moreover, our proposal does not rely on sympathetically cooling ions, which bypasses the need of loading different species in the trap-namely, the propelled ion and, e.g. a [Formula: see text] to exert sympathetic cooling-significantly incrementing the repetition rate of the launching procedure. Our scheme is based on an invariant operator linear in position and momentum, which enables us to control the average extraction energy and the outgoing momentum spread. In addition, we propose a sequential operation to tailor the transversal properties of the beam before the ejection to minimize the impact spot and to increase the lateral resolution of the implantation. This article is part of the theme issue 'Shortcuts to adiabaticity: theoretical, experimental and interdisciplinary perspectives'.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tobalina
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apartado 644, Bilbao 48080, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - C Munuera-Javaloy
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apartado 644, Bilbao 48080, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - E Torrontegui
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Avda. de la Universidad 30, Leganés 28911, Spain
- Instituto de Física Fundamental IFF-CSIC, Calle Serrano 113b, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - J G Muga
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apartado 644, Bilbao 48080, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - J Casanova
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apartado 644, Bilbao 48080, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, Bilbao 48009, Spain
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