Gastric Cancer, Hemophilia A and Angiodysplasia - An Unreported Association with Clinical Implications in a Patient with Digestive Hemorrhage

Introduction: Gastric cancer is a rare cause of upper digestive hemorrhage. Associated co-morbidities may have a detrimental effect on both early and long-term outcomes after surgery for gastric cancer. Association of gastric adenocarcinoma with hemophilia A and angiodysplasia was not previously reported, and the impact on postoperative outcome is not known. Case Report: A 49-year-old male with inherited hemophilia A presented with upper digestive hemorrhage and severe anemia, and was diagnosed with gastric carcinoma. The patient underwent total gastrectomy with splenectomy and D2 lymph nodes dissection. The postoperative outcome was complicated by digestive hemorrhage due to the presence of lesions of angiodysplasia of the cecum and jejunum that were successfully treated with coils mounted by the interventional radiologic approach. During the pre and postoperative periods, the patient received human coagulation factor VIII and developed auto-antibodies against factor VIII. Thus, human coagulation factor VIII administration was stopped and replaced with factor eight inhibitor bypassing activity (FEIBA). The patient was discharged at home on postoperative day 41, without any signs of bleeding. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported association of gastric adenocarcinoma, hemophilia A and angiodysplasia. All these lesions may lead to digestive hemorrhage and can pose very difficult problems of decision for diagnosis and therapy. A multidisciplinary approach including hematologist, surgeon, anesthesiologist, endoscopist and the interventional radiologist is mandatory to have a proper diagnosis and management for these patients.