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Olayinka JT, Nagarkar A, Ma DJ, Wong NB, Romasco A, Piedra-Mora C, Wrijil L, David CN, Gardner HL, Robinson NA, Hughes KL, Barton B, London CA, Almela RM, Richmond JM. Cathepsin W, T-cell receptor-associated transmembrane adapter 1, lymphotactin and killer cell lectin like receptor K1 are sensitive and specific RNA biomarkers of canine epitheliotropic lymphoma. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1225764. [PMID: 38026637 PMCID: PMC10654980 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1225764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is an uncommon type of lymphoma involving malignant skin-resident or skin-homing T cells. Canine epitheliotropic lymphoma (EL) is the most common form of CTCL in dogs, and it also spontaneously arises from T lymphocytes in the mucosa and skin. Clinically, it can be difficult to distinguish early-stage CTCLs apart from other forms of benign interface dermatitis (ID) in both dogs and people. Our objective was to identify novel biomarkers that can distinguish EL from other forms of ID, and perform comparative transcriptomics of human CTCL and canine EL. Here, we present a retrospective gene expression study that employed archival tissue from biorepositories. We analyzed a discovery cohort of 6 canines and a validation cohort of 8 canines with EL which occurred spontaneously in client-owned companion dogs. We performed comparative targeted transcriptomics studies using NanoString to assess 160 genes from lesional skin biopsies from the discovery cohort and 800 genes from the validation cohort to identify any significant differences that may reflect oncogenesis and immunopathogenesis. We further sought to determine if gene expression in EL and CTCL are conserved across humans and canines by comparing our data to previously published human datasets. Similar chemokine profiles were observed in dog EL and human CTCL, and analyses were performed to validate potential biomarkers and drivers of disease. In dogs, we found enrichment of T cell gene signatures, with upregulation of IFNG, TNF, PRF1, IL15, CD244, CXCL10, and CCL5 in EL in dogs compared to healthy controls. Importantly, CTSW, TRAT1 and KLRK1 distinguished EL from all other forms of interface dermatitis we studied, providing much-needed biomarkers for the veterinary field. XCL1/XCL2 were also highly specific of EL in our validation cohort. Future studies exploring the oncogenesis of spontaneous lymphomas in companion animals will expand our understanding of these disorders. Biomarkers may be useful for predicting disease prognosis and treatment responses. We plan to use our data to inform future development of targeted therapies, as well as for repurposing drugs for both veterinary and human medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jadesola Temitope Olayinka
- Department of Dermatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- SUNY Downstate School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Akanksha Nagarkar
- Department of Dermatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Diana Junyue Ma
- Department of Dermatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Neil B. Wong
- Department of Dermatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Andrew Romasco
- Department of Dermatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Cesar Piedra-Mora
- Pathology Department, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, United States
| | - Linda Wrijil
- Pathology Department, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, United States
| | | | - Heather L. Gardner
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, United States
| | - Nicholas A. Robinson
- Pathology Department, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, United States
| | - Kelly L. Hughes
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Bruce Barton
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Cheryl A. London
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, United States
| | - Ramón M. Almela
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, United States
| | - Jillian M. Richmond
- Department of Dermatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
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