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Belmesk L, Muntyanu A, Cantin E, AlHalees Z, Jack CS, Le M, Sasseville D, Iannattone L, Ben-Shoshan M, Litvinov IV, Netchiporouk E. Prominent Role of Type 2 Immunity in Skin Diseases-Beyond Atopic Dermatitis. J Cutan Med Surg 2021; 26:33-49. [PMID: 34261335 DOI: 10.1177/12034754211027858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 immunity, illustrated by T helper 2 lymphocytes (Th2) and downstream cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, IL-31) as well as group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2), is important in host defense and wound healing.1 The hallmark of type 2 inflammation is eosinophilia and/or high IgE counts and is best recognized in atopic diathesis. Persistent eosinophilia, such as seen in hypereosinophilic syndromes, leads to fibrosis and hence therapeutic Type 2 inhibition in fibrotic diseases is of high interest. Furthermore, as demonstrated in cutaneous T cell lymphoma, advanced disease is characterized by Th1 to Th2 switch allowing cancer progression and immunosuppression. Development of targeted monoclonal antibodies against IL-4Rα (eg, dupilumab) led to a paradigm shift for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) and stimulated research to better understand the role of Type 2 inflammation in other skin conditions. In this review, we summarize up to date knowledge on the role of Type 2 inflammation in skin diseases other than AD and highlight whether the use of Type 2 targeted therapies has been documented or is being investigated in clinical trials. This manuscript reviews the role of Type 2 inflammation in dermatitis, neurodermatitis, IgE-mediated dermatoses (eg, bullous pemphigoid, chronic spontaneous urticaria), sclerodermoid conditions and skin neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anastasiya Muntyanu
- 544735620507266 Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Zeinah AlHalees
- 544735620507266 Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carolyn S Jack
- 544735620507266 Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michelle Le
- 544735620507266 Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Denis Sasseville
- 544735620507266 Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lisa Iannattone
- 60301 Division of Dermatology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Moshe Ben-Shoshan
- Division of Pediatric Allergy Immunology and Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- 544735620507266 Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elena Netchiporouk
- 544735620507266 Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Harmanci D, Erkan EP, Kocak A, Akdogan GG. Role of the microRNA-29 family in fibrotic skin diseases. Biomed Rep 2017; 6:599-604. [PMID: 28584629 DOI: 10.3892/br.2017.900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrotic skin diseases are characterized by the accumulation of collagen. The hallmarks of fibrotic skin diseases are unbalanced fibroblast proliferation and differentiation, extracellular matrix production and transforming growth factor-β signalling. Numerous studies have investigated the possibility that microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are involved in the pathogenesis of certain fibrotic diseases, including skin, heart, lung and liver diseases. miRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs, which modify gene expression by binding to target messenger RNA (mRNA) and blocking the translation or inducing the degradation of target mRNA. The biological relevance of miRNAs has been investigated in physiological and pathological conditions, and there is increasing evidence that the miR-29 family is associated with fibrotic diseases. The aim of the present review is to provide an up-to-date summary of current knowledge on the latest developments associated with the miR-29 family and fibrotic skin diseases.
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