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Gomes LJ, Outis M, Gomes CSB, Tomé AC, Moro AJ. Development of Fluorescent Chemosensors for Calcium and Lead Detection. Molecules 2024; 29:527. [PMID: 38276609 PMCID: PMC10820191 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In the present work, several coumarin-3-carboxamides with different azacrown ether moieties were designed and tested as potential luminescent sensors for metal ions. The derivative containing a 1-aza-15-crown-5 as a metal chelating group was found to yield the strongest response for Ca2+ and Pb2+, exhibiting an eight- and nine-fold emission increase, respectively, while other cations induced no changes in the optical properties of the chemosensor molecule. Job's plots revealed a 1:1 binding stoichiometry, with association constants of 4.8 × 104 and 8.7 × 104 M-1, and limits of detection of 1.21 and 8.04 µM, for Ca2+ and Pb2+, respectively. Computational studies suggest the existence of a PET quenching mechanism, which is inhibited after complexation with each of these two metals. Proton NMR experiments and X-ray crystallography suggest a contribution from the carbonyl groups in the coumarin-3-carboxamide fluorophore in the coordination sphere of the metal ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana J. Gomes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (L.J.G.); (M.O.); (C.S.B.G.)
| | - Mani Outis
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (L.J.G.); (M.O.); (C.S.B.G.)
| | - Clara S. B. Gomes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (L.J.G.); (M.O.); (C.S.B.G.)
| | - Augusto C. Tomé
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Artur J. Moro
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (L.J.G.); (M.O.); (C.S.B.G.)
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Zheng P, Cao W, Zhang Y, Li F, Zhang M. Ultrafast Sulfur Mustard Simulant Gas Fluorescent Chemosensors Based on Triazole AIEE Material with High Selectivity and Sensitivity at Room Temperature. ACS Sens 2022; 7:1946-1957. [PMID: 35819023 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a novel blue aggregation-induced enhanced emission (AIEE) material 4-N-(naphthalen-l-yl)-3,5-bis(4-N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine)phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole (NDTAZ) is developed and used as a fluorescent chemosensor for sulfur mustard (SM) simulant 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (2-CEES) vapor. The NDTAZ chemosensor is designed by introducing an electron-donating N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine group at 3 and 5 position of 4H-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ) to enhance the nucleophilicity of the TAZ group, and a naphthalene ring is connected to 4 position of the TAZ group to construct an AIEE molecule. The NDTAZ films show extraordinary stability and then are further used as reliable and portable fluorescent chemosensors. Upon exposure to 2-CEES vapor, the NDTAZ chemosensor exhibits an instantaneous fluorescence response (not more than 1 s). What should be noted is that this fluorescent chemosensor realizes the visualized detection of fluorescent color change from blue to green at "room temperature", which is rarely reported. The limit of detection is estimated to be 0.55 ppm, which is below the AEGL-1 (0.6 ppm for 1 min) safety ceiling level to SM exposure. Moreover, the NDTAZ chemosensor shows high selectivity toward 2-CEES vapor over closely related substances, including alkylating agents, aryl halide compounds, sulphur-containing compounds, and nerve agent mimics. More impressively, the NDTAZ chemosensor demonstrates good recyclability by water treatment. Also, the sensing mechanism is adequately proved by using multiple experimental methods and theoretical calculation. In addition, the NDTAZ-based facile filter paper-constructed test strips are fabricated for real-time and on-spot detection of leaked 2-CEES gas specifically. Therefore, this fluorescent chemosensor with excellent sensing performance greatly advances the practical detection of SM species at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wenjuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yimeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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Ramos‐Soriano J, Benitez‐Benitez SJ, Davis AP, Galan MC. A Vibration-Induced-Emission-Based Fluorescent Chemosensor for the Selective and Visual Recognition of Glucose. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16880-16884. [PMID: 33857348 PMCID: PMC8362141 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of chemosensors to detect analytes in biologically relevant solutions is a challenging task. We report the synthesis of a fluorescent receptor that combines vibration-induced emission (VIE) and dynamic covalent chemistry for the detection of glucose in aqueous media. We show that the bis-2-(N-methylaminomethyl)phenylboronic acid-decorated N,N'-diphenyl-dihydrodibenzo[a,c]phenazine (DPAC) receptor 1 can detect glucose and discriminate between closely related monosaccharides including those commonly found in blood. Preliminary studies suggest monosaccharides bind to the DPAC-receptor with a 1:1 stoichiometry to produce pseudomacrocyclic complexes, which in turn leads to distinct optical changes in the fluorescent emission of the receptor for each host. Moreover, the complexation-induced change in emission can be detected visually and quantified in a ratiometric way. Our results highlight the potential of VIE-type receptors for the quantitative determination of saccharides in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anthony P. Davis
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | - M. Carmen Galan
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
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Bouhadir KH, Elaridi J, Sonji G. Selective and sensitive turn on fluorescence cyanide recognition in aqueous medium based on Zn(II)-hydrazone metal complex chemosensor. LUMINESCENCE 2021; 36:1608-1620. [PMID: 34089573 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Detection and quantification of the cyanide ion (CN- ) has attracted considerable attention because of its extreme toxicity. A novel Zn(II)-complex, applicable as a fluorescent chemosensor for CN- recognition, was synthesized in excellent yields from the reaction of zinc sulfate with the novel hydrazone: 3-(amino-9H-purin-yl)-N'-(hydroxybenzylidene) propanehydrazide. The structures of the hydrazone (L) and the zinc-hydrazone complex (L.Zn) were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, mass spectrometry, proton- and carbon-13-nuclear magnetic resonance. The sensing performance of the proposed chemosensors, L and L.Zn, towards common ions was investigated via naked-eye studies as well as absorption and emission spectral analysis. Hydrazone (L) efficiently functioned as a fluorescence sensor for aluminum ions (Al3+ ) and zinc ions (Zn2+ ) with large binding constants, and exhibited colorimetric and fluorometric responses for several basic anions: OH- , CO3 2- , HCO3 - , HSO3 - , CH3 COO- and CN- . However, L.Zn showed quick, sensitive and specific enhancement of fluorescence intensity towards CN- anion, and a linear relationship was observed as the concentration of CN- varied from 1 to 14 μM. The detection limit was determined to be 0.14 μM, which is lower than the 1.9 μM maximum value recommended by the World Health Organization for drinking water. The practical performance of the sensor was successfully demonstrated using various environmental water samples spiked with cyanide ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal H Bouhadir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jomana Elaridi
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ghassan Sonji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Fu YL, Chong YY, Li H, Feng W, Song QH. Sensitive and Visual Detection of Phosgene by a TICT-Based BODIPY Dye with 8-(o-Hydroxy)aniline as the Active Site. Chemistry 2021; 27:4977-4984. [PMID: 33400318 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Phosgene and its substitutes (diphosgene and triphosgene) are widely utilized as chemical industrial materials and chemical warfare agents and pose a threat to public health and environmental safety due to their extreme toxicity. Research efforts have been directed to develop selective and sensitive detection methods for phosgene and its substitutes. In this paper, we have prepared two BODIPY-based fluorescent probes, o-Pah and o-Pha, which are two isomers with different active sites, ortho-aminohydroxy (3',4' or 4',3') phenyls at meso position of BODIPY, and compared their sensing performance toward triphosgene. The probe with o-(4'-amino-3'-hydroxyl), o-Pha, exhibits better sensing performance over the o-(3'-amino-4'-hydroxyl), o-Pah, for instance, a lower limit of detection (LOD) (0.34 nm vs. 1.2 nm), and more rapid response (10 s vs. 200 s). Furthermore, based on the above comparative studies, a red-fluorescence probe o-Phae has been constructed through extending 3,5-conjugation of o-Pha. The probe o-Phae displays rapid response (60 s), high sensitivity to triphosgene (LOD=0.88 nm), and high selectivity for triphosgene over relevant analytes including nitric oxide. Finally, a facile test strip for phosgene was fabricated by immobilizing o-Phae in a polyethylene oxide membrane for sensitive (<2 ppm) and selective detection of phosgene in the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Long Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Chong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Qin-Hua Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
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Cai YC, Li C, Song QH. Fluorescent Chemosensors with Varying Degrees of Intramolecular Charge Transfer for Detection of a Nerve Agent Mimic in Solutions and in Vapor. ACS Sens 2017; 2:834-841. [PMID: 28723127 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nerve agents are highly toxic organophosphorus compounds, and their possible use in terrorist attacks has led to increasing interest in the development of reliable and accurate methods to detect these lethal chemicals. In this paper, we have prepared six 6-aminoquinolines with various N-substituents as chemosensors for a nerve-agent mimic diethylchlorophosphate (DCP). The chemosensors with the nucleophilic pyridine-N atom as the active site detect DCP via a catalytic hydrolysis approach to form the protonated sensor. The nucleophilicity of the pyridine-N atom depends on the donating ability of the 6-amine group, which affects the intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) character of sensors and the protonated sensors, leading to different fluorescence-response modes. The effects of the ICT character on the sensing property have been clarified. Among these charge transfer sensors, the sensor 3 displays ratiometric fluorescence response to DCP and a low limit of detection (8 nM). Furthermore, a facile testing strip with 3 has been fabricated with poly(ethylene oxide) for real-time selective monitoring of DCP vapor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Chao Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Qin-Hua Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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Abstract
The detection of highly toxic chemicals in a convenient, fast, and reliable manner is essential for coping with serious threats to humankind and public security caused by unexpected terrorist attacks and industrial accidents. In this paper, a highly selective fluorescent probe has been constructed through o-phenylenediamine covalently linking to coumarin (o-Pac), which can respond to phosgene in turn-on fluorescence mode. The response time is less than 0.5 min and the detection limit is as low as 3 nM in solutions. More importantly, the sensor exhibits good selectivity to phosgene over triphosgene and various acyl chlorides. Furthermore, a portable test paper has been fabricated with polystyrene membrane containing o-Pac for real-time selective monitoring of phosgene in gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Cheng Xia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Hong Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Qin-Hua Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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Pak YL, Swamy KM, Yoon J. Recent Progress in Fluorescent Imaging Probes. Sensors (Basel) 2015; 15:24374-96. [PMID: 26402684 DOI: 10.3390/s150924374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Due to the simplicity and low detection limit, especially the bioimaging ability for cells, fluorescence probes serve as unique detection methods. With the aid of molecular recognition and specific organic reactions, research on fluorescent imaging probes has blossomed during the last decade. Especially, reaction based fluorescent probes have been proven to be highly selective for specific analytes. This review highlights our recent progress on fluorescent imaging probes for biologically important species, such as biothiols, reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, metal ions including Zn2+, Hg2+, Cu2+ and Au3+, and anions including cyanide and adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
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Obare SO, De C, Guo W, Haywood TL, Samuels TA, Adams CP, Masika NO, Murray DH, Anderson GA, Campbell K, Fletcher K. Fluorescent chemosensors for toxic organophosphorus pesticides: a review. Sensors (Basel) 2010; 10:7018-43. [PMID: 22163587 DOI: 10.3390/s100707018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Revised: 04/12/2010] [Accepted: 06/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Many organophosphorus (OP) based compounds are highly toxic and powerful inhibitors of cholinesterases that generate serious environmental and human health concerns. Organothiophosphates with a thiophosphoryl (P=S) functional group constitute a broad class of these widely used pesticides. They are related to the more reactive phosphoryl (P=O) organophosphates, which include very lethal nerve agents and chemical warfare agents, such as, VX, Soman and Sarin. Unfortunately, widespread and frequent commercial use of OP-based compounds in agricultural lands has resulted in their presence as residues in crops, livestock, and poultry products and also led to their migration into aquifers. Thus, the design of new sensors with improved analyte selectivity and sensitivity is of paramount importance in this area. Herein, we review recent advances in the development of fluorescent chemosensors for toxic OP pesticides and related compounds. We also discuss challenges and progress towards the design of future chemosensors with dual modes for signal transduction.
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