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Alipour A, Mozhdehfarahbakhsh A, Nouri S, Petramfar P, Tahamtan M, Kamali AM, Rao KS, Nami M. Studies on the Bottom-Up and Top-Down Neural Information Flow Alterations in Neurodegeneration. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 78:169-183. [PMID: 32955463 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A proper explanation for perceptual symptoms in neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease (PD) is still lacking. OBJECTIVE This study aimed at investigating the imbalance between 'bottom-up' and 'top-down' information flow (IF) and processing in PD in relation with visual hallucination symptoms. METHODS Here, we looked at bottom-up and top-down IF markers using resting state electroencephalographic (EEG) data from PD patients analyzed through three different IF measures (direct Directed Transfer Function (dDTF), full frequency Directed Transfer Function (ff-DTF), and renormalized Partial Directed Coherence (rPDC). RESULTS We observed an increased gamma band IF and a reduced beta band IF in PD patients compared to healthy controls. Additionally, we noticed a reduced theta band IF in PD patients using dDTF as a measure of IF. By source localizing the EEG activity of the PD patients and healthy controls, we looked at the alterations of IF in the prefrontal cortex of PD patients as well. CONCLUSION In line with previous studies, our results suggest that the delicate balance between bottom-up and top-down IF is disrupted in Parkinson's disease potentially contributing to the cognitive symptoms of PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Alipour
- Neuroscience Laboratory, NSL (Brain, Cognition and Behavior), Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Azadeh Mozhdehfarahbakhsh
- Neuroscience Laboratory, NSL (Brain, Cognition and Behavior), Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saba Nouri
- Neuroscience Laboratory, NSL (Brain, Cognition and Behavior), Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Peyman Petramfar
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahshid Tahamtan
- DANA Brain Health Institute, Iranian Neuroscience Society-Fars Chapter, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali-Mohammad Kamali
- DANA Brain Health Institute, Iranian Neuroscience Society-Fars Chapter, Shiraz, Iran
| | - K S Rao
- Centre for Neuroscience, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Panama City, Panama
| | - Mohammad Nami
- Neuroscience Laboratory, NSL (Brain, Cognition and Behavior), Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,DANA Brain Health Institute, Iranian Neuroscience Society-Fars Chapter, Shiraz, Iran.,Centre for Neuroscience, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Panama City, Panama.,Institute for Cognitive Science Studies-ICSS, Brain and Cognition Clinic, Tehran, Iran
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