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Gunasekaran A, Seshadri G, Ramasamy S, Muthurajan R, Karuppasamy KS. Identification of Newer Stable Genetic Sources for High Grain Number per Panicle and Understanding the Gene Action for Important Panicle Traits in Rice. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:250. [PMID: 36678963 PMCID: PMC9860970 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rice is an important food crop extensively cultivated worldwide, and rice's grain yield should be improved to meet future food demand. Grain number per panicle is the main trait that determines the grain yield in rice, and other panicle-related traits influence the grain number. To study the genetic diversity, 50 diverse Indian-origin germplasm were evaluated for grain number per panicle and other panicle traits for two consecutive seasons (Rabi 2019 and Kharif 2020). The maximum genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was obtained for the number of spikelets and filled grains per panicle. The genotypes were grouped into eight clusters with Mahalanobis' D2 analysis and six groups using Principal component analysis. Based on, per se, performance for grain number per panicle and genetic distances, six parents were selected and subjected to full diallel mating. The genotypes CB12132, IET 28749, and BPT 5204 were the best general combiners for the number of filled grains per panicle and other panicle branching traits, viz., the number of primary and secondary branches per panicle. The hybrid BPT 5204 × CB 12132 identified as the best specific combination for most of the studied panicle traits. The additive gene effects were high for the number of filled grains per panicle, the number of primary branches, and secondary branches, whereas non-additive gene action was high for the number of productive tillers and grain yield per plant. The information obtained from this study will be useful in rice breeding programs to improve panicle traits, especially the grain number, which would result in higher grain yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariharasutharsan Gunasekaran
- Department of Rice, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
| | - Geetha Seshadri
- Department of Rice, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
- Department of Pulses, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
| | - Saraswathi Ramasamy
- Department of Rice, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
- Department of Plant Genetic Resources, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
| | - Raveendran Muthurajan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
| | - Krishna Surendar Karuppasamy
- Department of Rice, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
- Department of Seed Science and Technology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai 625104, India
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Zhang Q, Xie J, Wang X, Liu M, Zhu X, Yang T, Khan NU, Sun C, Li J, Zhang Z, Li Z, Zhang H. Natural variation of RGN1a regulates grain number per panicle in japonica rice. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:1097622. [PMID: 36589052 PMCID: PMC9795840 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1097622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The grain number per panicle (GNP) is an important yield component. Identifying naturally favorable variations in GNP will benefit high-yield rice breeding. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study using a mini-core collection of 266 cultivated rice accessions with deep sequencing data and investigated the phenotype for three years. Three genes, i.e., TOTOU1 (TUT1), Grain height date 7 (Ghd7), and Days to heading 7/Grain height date 7.1/Pseudo-Response Regulator37 (DTH7/Ghd7.1/OsPRR37), which regulate GNP, were found in the quantitative trait loci (QTL) identified in this study. A stable QTL, qGNP1.3, which showed a strong correlation with variations in GNP, was repeatedly detected. After functional and transgenic phenotype analysis, we identified a novel gene, regulator of grain number 1a (RGN1a), which codes for protein kinase, controlling GNP in rice. The RGN1a mutation caused 37.2%, 27.8%, 51.2%, and 25.5% decreases in grain number, primary branch number per panicle, secondary branch number per panicle, and panicle length, respectively. Furthermore, breeding utilization analysis revealed that the additive effects of the dominant allelic variants of RGN1a and DTH7 played a significant role in increasing the grain number per panicle in japonica rice. Our findings enrich the gene pool and provide an effective strategy for the genetic improvement of grain numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
| | - Xueqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Miaosong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Najeeb Ullah Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zichao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
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Zhang YJ, Zhang Y, Zhang LL, He JX, Xue HW, Wang JW, Lin WH. The transcription factor OsGATA6 regulates rice heading date and grain number per panicle. J Exp Bot 2022; 73:6133-6149. [PMID: 35662326 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heading date, panicle architecture, and grain size are key traits that affect the yield of rice (Oryza sativa). Here, we identified a new gene, OsGATA6, whose product regulates heading date. Overexpression of OsGATA6 resulted in delayed heading, increased grain number, and decreased grain size. Knockdown lines generated by artificial microRNA (amiRNA) and CRISPR genome-edited lines of OsGATA6 both showed earlier heading, decreased grain number, and increased grain size. These results suggested that OsGATA6 negatively regulates heading date, positively regulates panicle development, and affects grain size. OsGATA6 was found to be constitutively expressed in rice, and strongly expressed in young leaves and panicles. In situ hybridization analyses showed that OsGATA6 was specifically localized in superficial cells of the panicle primordium. Overexpression lines show decreased expression of RFT1 and Hd3a, which promote heading. OsMFT1, which delays heading date and increases grain number, was down-regulated in amiRNA lines. Further analyses showed that OsGATA6 could bind to the promoter of OsMFT1 and induce its expression, thereby regulating heading date and panicle development. Overexpression of OsGATA6 in Arabidopsis resulted in repressed expression of AtFT and late flowering, suggesting that its function is similar. Taken together, we have identified a new GATA regulator that influences rice heading date and grain number, which potentially increases rice yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jie Zhang
- The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Xian He
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hong-Wei Xue
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Wei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences (CEMPS), Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Hui Lin
- The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Li R, Li Z, Ye J, Yang Y, Ye J, Xu S, Liu J, Yuan X, Wang Y, Zhang M, Yu H, Xu Q, Wang S, Yang Y, Wang S, Wei X, Feng Y. Identification of SMG3, a QTL Coordinately Controls Grain Size, Grain Number per Panicle, and Grain Weight in Rice. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:880919. [PMID: 35548297 PMCID: PMC9085218 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.880919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Grain size, grain number per panicle, and grain weight are key agronomic traits that determine grain yield in rice. However, the molecular mechanisms coordinately controlling these traits remain largely unknown. In this study, we identified a major QTL, SMG3, that is responsible for grain size, grain number per panicle, and grain weight in rice, which encodes a MYB-like protein. The SMG3 allele from M494 causes an increase in the number of grains per panicle but produces smaller grain size and thousand grain weight. The SMG3 is constitutively expressed in various organs in rice, and the SMG3 protein is located in the nucleus. Microscopy analysis shows that SMG3 mainly produces long grains by increasing in both cell length and cell number in the length direction, which thus enhances grain weight by promoting cell expansion and cell proliferation. Overexpression of SMG3 in rice produces a phenotype with more grains but reduces grain length and weight. Our results reveal that SMG3 plays an important role in the coordinated regulation of grain size, grain number per panicle, and grain weight, providing a new insight into synergistical modification on the grain appearance quality, grain number per panicle, and grain weight in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruosi Li
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Yang
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juahua Ye
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siliang Xu
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junrong Liu
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoping Yuan
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiping Wang
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengchen Zhang
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanyong Yu
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qun Xu
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaolong Yang
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu Wang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinghua Wei
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
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5
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Li G, Xu B, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Khan NU, Xie J, Sun X, Guo H, Wu Z, Wang X, Zhang H, Li J, Xu J, Wang W, Zhang Z, Li Z. RGN1 controls grain number and shapes panicle architecture in rice. Plant Biotechnol J 2022; 20:158-167. [PMID: 34498389 PMCID: PMC8710824 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Yield in rice is determined mainly by panicle architecture. Using map-based cloning, we identified an R2R3 MYB transcription factor REGULATOR OF GRAIN NUMBER1 (RGN1) affecting grain number and panicle architecture. Mutation of RGN1 caused an absence of lateral grains on secondary branches. We demonstrated that RGN1 controls lateral grain formation by regulation of LONELY GUY (LOG) expression, thus controlling grain number and shaping panicle architecture. A novel favourable allele, RGN1C , derived from the Or-I group in wild rice affected panicle architecture by means longer panicles. Identification of RGN1 provides a theoretical basis for understanding the molecular mechanism of lateral grain formation in rice; RGN1 will be an important gene resource for molecular breeding for higher yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Bingxia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yanpei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yawen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Najeeb Ullah Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jianyin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xingming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Haifeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhenyuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xueqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jinjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jianlong Xu
- Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wensheng Wang
- Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhanying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zichao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
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6
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Yin C, Zhu Y, Li X, Lin Y. Molecular and Genetic Aspects of Grain Number Determination in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E728. [PMID: 33450933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice grain yield is a complex trait determined by three components: panicle number, grain number per panicle (GNPP) and grain weight. GNPP is the major contributor to grain yield and is crucial for its improvement. GNPP is determined by a series of physiological and biochemical steps, including inflorescence development, formation of rachis branches such as primary rachis branches and secondary rachis branches, and spikelet specialisation (lateral and terminal spikelets). The molecular genetic basis of GNPP determination is complex, and it is regulated by numerous interlinked genes. In this review, panicle development and the determination of GNPP is described briefly, and GNPP-related genes that influence its determination are categorised according to their regulatory mechanisms. We introduce genes related to rachis branch development and their regulation of GNPP, genes related to phase transition (from rachis branch meristem to spikelet meristem) and their regulation of GNPP, and genes related to spikelet specialisation and their regulation of GNPP. In addition, we describe other GNPP-related genes and their regulation of GNPP. Research on GNPP determination suggests that it is possible to cultivate rice varieties with higher grain yield by modifying GNPP-related genes.
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Hu L, Chen W, Yang W, Li X, Zhang C, Zhang X, Zheng L, Zhu X, Yin J, Qin P, Wang Y, Ma B, Li S, Yuan H, Tu B. OsSPL9 Regulates Grain Number and Grain Yield in Rice. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:682018. [PMID: 34149783 PMCID: PMC8207197 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.682018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Rice grain yield consists of several key components, including tiller number, grain number per panicle (GNP), and grain weight. Among them, GNP is mainly determined by panicle branches and spikelet formation. In this study, we identified a gene affecting GNP and grain yield, OsSPL9, which encodes SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) family proteins. The mutation of OsSPL9 significantly reduced secondary branches and GNP. OsSPL9 was highly expressed in the early developing young panicles, consistent with its function of regulating panicle development. By combining expression analysis and dual-luciferase assays, we further confirmed that OsSPL9 directly activates the expression of RCN1 (rice TERMINAL FLOWER 1/CENTRORADIALIS homolog) in the early developing young panicle to regulate the panicle branches and GNP. Haplotype analysis showed that Hap3 and Hap4 of OsSPL9 might be favorable haplotypes contributing to high GNP in rice. These results provide new insights on high grain number breeding in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Hu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- College of Agriculture, Forestry and Health, The Open University of Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Weilan Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Liaoning Rice Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zheng
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junjie Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Qin
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bingtian Ma
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shigui Li
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Hua Yuan,
| | - Bin Tu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Tu,
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Zhai L, Wang F, Yan A, Liang C, Wang S, Wang Y, Xu J. Pleiotropic Effect of GNP1 Underlying Grain Number per Panicle on Sink, Source and Flow in Rice. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:933. [PMID: 32655609 PMCID: PMC7325936 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Rice yield potential is largely determined by the balance among source capacity, sink strength, and flow fluency. Our previous study indicated that the gene GNP1 encoding gibberellin biosynthesis gene GA20ox1 affects grain number per panicle (GNP) in rice, thus resulting in increase of grain yield. To clarify GNP1 effect on sink, source and flow in regulating rice grain yield, we compared Lemont, a japonica (geng) cultivar, with its near-isogenic line (NIL-GNP1 TQ) in Lemont background with introgression of the allele at GNP1 from Teqing, a high-yielding indica (xian) cultivar. NIL-GNP1 TQ exhibited averagely 32.8% more GNP than Lemont with the compensation by reduced seed setting rate, panicle number and single-grain weight. However, NIL-GNP1 TQ still produced averagely 7.2% higher grain yield than Lemont in two years, mainly attributed to significantly more filled grain number per panicle, and greater vascular system contributing to photoassimilates transport to spikelets. The significantly decreased grain weight of superior spikelets (SS) in NIL-GNP1 TQ was ascribed to a significant decrease of grain size while the significantly decreased grain weight of inferior spikelets (IS) ascribed to both grain size and poor grain-filling as compared with Lemont. The low activities of key enzymes of carbon metabolism might account for the poor grain-filling in IS, which resulted in more unfilled grains or small grain bulk density in NIL-GNP1 TQ. In addition, low seed setting rate and grain weight of IS in NIL-GNP1 TQ might be partially resulted from significantly lower carbohydrate accumulation in culms and leaf sheath before heading compared with Lemont. Our results indicated that significantly increased GNP from introgression of GNP1 TQ into Lemont did not highly significantly improve grain yield of NIL-GNP1 TQ as expected, due primarily to significant low sink activities in IS and possible insufficient source supply which didn't fully meet the increased sink capacity. The results provided useful information for improving rice yield potential through reasonably introgressing or pyramiding the favorable alleles underlying source-related or panicle number traits by marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiyuan Zhai
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - An Yan
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chengwei Liang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianlong Xu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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9
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Hu Z, Cao L, Sun X, Zhu Y, Zhang T, Jiang L, Liu Y, Dong S, Sun D, Yang J, He H, Luo X. Fine mapping of a major quantitative trait locus, qgnp7(t), controlling grain number per panicle in African rice ( Oryza glaberrima S.). Breed Sci 2018; 68:606-613. [PMID: 30697122 PMCID: PMC6345233 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.18084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Grain number per panicle is a major component of rice yield that is typically controlled by many quantitative trait loci (QTLs). The identification of genes controlling grain number per panicle in rice would be valuable for the breeding of high-yielding rice. The Oryza glaberrima chromosome segment substitution line 9IL188 had significantly smaller panicles compared with the recurrent parent 9311. QTL analysis in an F2 population derived from a cross between 9IL188 and 9311 revealed that qgnp7(t), a major QTL located on the short arm of chromosome 7, was responsible for this phenotypic variation. Fine mapping was conducted using a large F3 population containing 2250 individuals that were derived from the F2 heterozygous plants. Additionally, plant height, panicle length, and grain number per panicle of the key F4 recombinant families were examined. Through two-step substitution mapping, qgnp7(t) was finally localized to a 41 kb interval in which eight annotated genes were identified according to available sequence annotation databases. Phenotypic evaluation of near isogenic lines (NIL-qgnp7 and NIL-qGNP7) indicated that qgnp7(t) has pleiotropic effects on rice plant architecture and panicle structure. In addition, yield estimation of NILs indicated that qGNP7(t) derived from 9311 is the favorable allele. Our results provide a foundation for isolating qgnp7(t). Markers flanking this QTL will be a useful tool for the marker-assisted selection of favorable alleles in O. glaberrima improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Hu
- Group of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University,
Nanchang 330045,
China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University,
Shanghai 200433,
China
| | - Liming Cao
- Institute of Crop Breeding and Cultivation, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
Shanghai 201403,
China
| | - Xuejun Sun
- Group of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University,
Nanchang 330045,
China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University,
Shanghai 200433,
China
| | - Yu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University,
Shanghai 200433,
China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Deng Jia Bu Rice Foundation Seed Farm of Jiangxi Province,
Yujiang 335200,
China
| | - Lin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University,
Shanghai 200433,
China
| | - Yahui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University,
Shanghai 200433,
China
| | - Siqing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University,
Shanghai 200433,
China
| | - Dayun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University,
Shanghai 200433,
China
| | - Jingshui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University,
Shanghai 200433,
China
| | - Haohua He
- Group of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University,
Nanchang 330045,
China
| | - Xiaojin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University,
Shanghai 200433,
China
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Ren D, Yu H, Rao Y, Xu Q, Zhou T, Hu J, Zhang Y, Zhang G, Zhu L, Gao Z, Chen G, Guo L, Zeng D, Qian Q. 'Two-floret spikelet' as a novel resource has the potential to increase rice yield. Plant Biotechnol J 2018; 16:351-353. [PMID: 29024337 PMCID: PMC5787844 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Deyong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Haiping Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Yuchun Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
- College of Chemistry and Life SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaChina
| | - Qiankun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Tingting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Jiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Guangheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Guang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Longbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Dali Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
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