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Jones AR, Woollacott I, Shatunov A, Cooper-Knock J, Buchman V, Sproviero W, Smith B, Scott KM, Balendra R, Abel O, McGuffin P, Ellis CM, Shaw PJ, Morrison KE, Farmer A, Lewis CM, Leigh PN, Shaw CE, Powell JF, Al-Chalabi A. Residual association at C9orf72 suggests an alternative amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-causing hexanucleotide repeat. Neurobiol Aging 2013; 34:2234.e1-7. [PMID: 23587638 PMCID: PMC3753508 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2013] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease of motor neurons. Single-nucleotide polymorphism rs3849942 is associated with ALS, tagging a hexanucleotide repeat mutation in the C9orf72 gene. It is possible that there is more than 1 disease-causing genetic variation at this locus, in which case association might remain after removal of cases carrying the mutation. DNA from patients with ALS was therefore tested for the mutation. Genome-wide association testing was performed first using all samples, and then restricting the analysis to samples not carrying the mutation. rs3849942 and rs903603 were strongly associated with ALS when all samples were included (rs3849942, p = [3 × 2] × 10(-6), rank 7/442,057; rs903603, p = [7 × 6] × 10(-8), rank 2/442,057). Removal of the mutation-carrying cases resulted in loss of association for rs3849942 (p = [2 × 6] × 10(-3), rank 1225/442,068), but had little effect on rs903603 (p = [1 × 9] × 10(-5), rank 8/442,068). Those with a risk allele of rs903603 had an excess of apparent homozygosity for wild type repeat alleles, consistent with polymerase chain reaction failure of 1 allele because of massive repeat expansion. These results indicate residual association at the C9orf72 locus suggesting a second disease-causing repeat mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R. Jones
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Ione Woollacott
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Aleksey Shatunov
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Johnathan Cooper-Knock
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK
| | - Vladimir Buchman
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, UK
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of RAS, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - William Sproviero
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Bradley Smith
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Kirsten M. Scott
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Rubika Balendra
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Olubunmi Abel
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Peter McGuffin
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Pamela J. Shaw
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK
| | - Karen E. Morrison
- School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Birmingham, and Neurosciences Division, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
| | - Anne Farmer
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Cathryn M. Lewis
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P. Nigel Leigh
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, London, UK
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Trafford Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Sussex, Sussex, UK
| | - Christopher E. Shaw
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - John F. Powell
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, London, UK
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