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Abbas A, Witte T, Patterson WL, Fahrmann JF, Guo K, Hur J, Hardman WE, Georgel PT. Epigenetic Reprogramming Mediated by Maternal Diet Rich in Omega-3 Fatty Acids Protects From Breast Cancer Development in F1 Offspring. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:682593. [PMID: 34179012 PMCID: PMC8222782 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.682593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids (FA) have been associated with lowered risks of developing certain types of cancers. We earlier reported that in transgenic mice prone to develop breast cancer (BCa), a diet supplemented with canola oil, rich in omega-3-rich FA (as opposed to an omega-6-rich diet containing corn oil), reduced the risk of developing BCa, and also significantly reduced the incidence of BCa in F1 offspring. To investigate the underlying mechanisms of the cancer protective effect of canola oil in the F1 generation, we designed and performed the present study with the same diets using BALB/c mice to remove any possible effect of the transgene. First, we observed epigenetic changes at the genome-wide scale in F1 offspring of mothers fed diets containing omega-3 FAs, including a significant increase in acetylation of H3K18 histone mark and a decrease in H3K4me2 mark on nucleosomes around transcription start sites. These epigenetic modifications contribute to differential gene expressions associated with various pathways and molecular mechanisms involved in preventing cancer development, including p53 pathway, G2M checkpoint, DNA repair, inflammatory response, and apoptosis. When offspring mice were exposed to 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA), the group of mice exposed to a canola oil (with omega 3 FAs)-rich maternal diet showed delayed mortality, increased survival, reduced lateral tumor growth, and smaller tumor size. Remarkably, various genes, including BRCA genes, appear to be epigenetically re-programmed to poise genes to be ready for a rapid transcriptional activation due to the canola oil-rich maternal diet. This ability to respond rapidly due to epigenetic potentiation appeared to contribute to and promote protection against breast cancer after carcinogen exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ata Abbas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States.,Cell Differentiation and Development Center, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Theodore Witte
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - William L Patterson
- Cell Differentiation and Development Center, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Johannes F Fahrmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Junguk Hur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - W Elaine Hardman
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Philippe T Georgel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States.,Cell Differentiation and Development Center, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States
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Gardner NM, Riley RT, Showker JL, Voss KA, Sachs AJ, Maddox JR, Gelineau-van Waes JB. Elevated Nuclear and Cytoplasmic FTY720-Phosphate in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts Suggests the Potential for Multiple Mechanisms in FTY720-Induced Neural Tube Defects. Toxicol Sci 2015; 150:161-8. [PMID: 26719367 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
FTY720 (fingolimod) is a U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved drug to treat relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. FTY720 treatment in pregnant inbred LM/Bc mice results in approximately 60% of embryos having a neural tube defect (NTD). Sphingosine kinases (Sphk1, Sphk2) phosphorylate FTY720 in vivo to form the bioactive metabolite FTY720-1-phosphate (FTY720-P). Cytoplasmic FTY720-P is an agonist for 4 of the 5 sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptors (S1P1, 3-5) and can also act as a functional antagonist of S1P1, whereas FTY720-P generated in the nucleus inhibits histone deacetylases (HDACs), leading to increased histone acetylation. This study demonstrates that treatment of LM/Bc mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) with FTY720 results in a significant accumulation of FTY720-P in both the cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments. Elevated nuclear FTY720-P is associated with decreased HDAC activity and increased histone acetylation at H3K18 and H3K23 in LM/Bc MEFs. Treatment of LM/Bc MEFs with FTY720 and a selective Sphk2 inhibitor, ABC294640, significantly reduces the amount of FTY720-P that accumulates in the nucleus. The data provide insight into the relative amounts of FTY720-P generated in the nuclear versus cytoplasmic subcellular compartments after FTY720 treatment and the specific Sphk isoforms involved. The results of this study suggest that FTY720-induced NTDs may involve multiple mechanisms, including: (1) sustained and/or altered S1P receptor activation and signaling by FTY720-P produced in the cytoplasm and (2) HDAC inhibition and histone hyperacetylation by FTY720-P generated in the nucleus that could lead to epigenetic changes in gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Gardner
- *Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska 68178 and
| | - Ronald T Riley
- USDA-ARS, Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit, Athens, Georgia 30605
| | - Jency L Showker
- USDA-ARS, Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit, Athens, Georgia 30605
| | - Kenneth A Voss
- USDA-ARS, Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit, Athens, Georgia 30605
| | - Andrew J Sachs
- *Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska 68178 and
| | - Joyce R Maddox
- *Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska 68178 and
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