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Signorello MG, Ravera S, Leoncini G. Oxidative Stress Induced by Cortisol in Human Platelets. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3776. [PMID: 38612585 PMCID: PMC11011787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypercortisolism is known to affect platelet function. However, few studies have approached the effect of exogenous cortisol on human platelets, and the results obtained are conflicting and unconvincing. In this study, the effect of exogenous cortisol on several parameters indicative of oxidative status in human platelets has been analysed. We have found that cortisol stimulates ROS production, superoxide anion formation, and lipid peroxidation, with these parameters being in strict correlation. In addition, cortisol decreases GSH and membrane SH-group content, evidencing that the hormone potentiates oxidative stress, depleting platelet antioxidant defence. The involvement of src, syk, PI3K, and AKT enzymes in oxidative mechanisms induced by cortisol is shown. The main sources of ROS in cells can include uncontrolled increase of NADPH oxidase activity and uncoupled aerobic respiration during oxidative phosphorylation. Both mechanisms seem to be involved in ROS formation induced by cortisol, as the NADPH oxidase 1 inhibitor 2(trifluoromethyl)phenothiazine, and rotenone and antimycin A, complex I and III inhibitor, respectively, significantly reduce oxidative stress. On the contrary, the NADPH oxidase inhibitor gp91ds-tat, malate and NaCN, complex II and IV inhibitor, respectively, have a minor effect. It is likely that, in human platelets, oxidative stress induced by cortisol can be associated with venous and arterial thrombosis, greatly contributing to cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Giuliana Leoncini
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy;
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2
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Rosado JA. Reduced Ca 2+ mobilization in neonatal human platelets involves SARAF and pannexin-1. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:755-756. [PMID: 38073055 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Platelets from neonates have been shown to exhibit a reduced response to physiological agonists, such as thrombin; however, the mechanism behind these findings is poorly understood. Berna-Erro et al. now provide differences in SARAF and pannexin-1 expression and function between neonatal and maternal platelets that might shed some light on the underlying mechanism. Commentary on: Berna-Erro. SARAF overexpression impairs thrombin-induced Ca2+ homeostasis in neonatal platelets. Br J Haematol 2024;204:988-1004.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Rosado
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, Spain
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3
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Lu J, Zhang C, Shi S, Li S, Liu J, Wu J, Huang C, Lei M. Stoichiometry and architecture of the platelet membrane complex glycoprotein Ib-IX-V. Biol Chem 2024; 405:91-104. [PMID: 36942505 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2022-0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX-V is the second most abundant platelet receptor for thrombin and other ligands crucial for hemostasis and thrombosis. Its activity is involved in platelet adhesion to vascular injury sites and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. GPIb-IX-V is a heteromeric complex composed of four subunits, GPIbα, GPIbβ, GPV and GPIX, in a stoichiometric ratio that has been wildly debated. Despite its important physiological roles, the overall structure and molecular arrangement of GPIb-IX-V are not yet fully understood. Here, we purify stable and functional human GPIb-IX-V complex from reconstituted EXPi293F cells in high homogeneity, and perform biochemical and structural characterization of this complex. Single-particle cryo-electron microscopy structure of GPIb-IX-V is determined at ∼11 Å resolution, which unveils the architecture of GPIb-IX-V and its subunit organization. Size-exclusion chromatography-multi-angle static light scattering analysis reveals that GPIb-IX-V contains GPIb-IX and GPV at a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio and surface plasmon resonance assays show that association of GPV leads to slow kinetics of thrombin binding to GPIb-IX-V. Taken together, our results provide the first three-dimensional architecture of the intact GPIb-IX-V complex, which extends our understanding of the structure and functional mechanism of this complex in hemostasis and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Lu
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunli Zhang
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaohua Shi
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaobai Li
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junling Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenhui Huang
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Lei
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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4
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Huang WC, Shu LH, Kuo YJ, Lai KSL, Hsia CW, Yen TL, Hsia CH, Jayakumar T, Yang CH, Sheu JR. Eugenol Suppresses Platelet Activation and Mitigates Pulmonary Thromboembolism in Humans and Murine Models. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2098. [PMID: 38396774 PMCID: PMC10888574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelets assume a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), emphasizing their significance in disease progression. Consequently, addressing CVDs necessitates a targeted approach focused on mitigating platelet activation. Eugenol, predominantly derived from clove oil, is recognized for its antibacterial, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties, rendering it a valuable medicinal agent. This investigation delves into the intricate mechanisms through which eugenol influences human platelets. At a low concentration of 2 μM, eugenol demonstrates inhibition of collagen and arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation. Notably, thrombin and U46619 remain unaffected by eugenol. Its modulatory effects extend to ATP release, P-selectin expression, and intracellular calcium levels ([Ca2+]i). Eugenol significantly inhibits various signaling cascades, including phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2)/protein kinase C (PKC), phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3β, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2)/thromboxane A2 (TxA2) formation induced by collagen. Eugenol selectively inhibited cPLA2/TxA2 phosphorylation induced by AA, not affecting p38 MAPK. In ADP-treated mice, eugenol reduced occluded lung vessels by platelet thrombi without extending bleeding time. In conclusion, eugenol exerts a potent inhibitory effect on platelet activation, achieved through the inhibition of the PLCγ2-PKC and cPLA2-TxA2 cascade, consequently suppressing platelet aggregation. These findings underscore the potential therapeutic applications of eugenol in CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan (Y.-J.K.)
| | - Lan-Hsin Shu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan (Y.-J.K.)
| | - Kevin Shu-Leung Lai
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Hsia
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Lin Yen
- Department of Medical Research, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsuan Hsia
- Translational Medicine Center, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 111, Taiwan
| | - Thanasekaran Jayakumar
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India;
| | - Chih-Hao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Joen-Rong Sheu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan (Y.-J.K.)
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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5
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Hsia C, Shu L, Lee A, Tran O, Yang C, Yen T, Huang W, Hsia C, Jayakumar T, Chiou K, Sheu J. Ginkgetin effectively mitigates collagen and AA-induced platelet activation via PLCγ2 but not cyclic nucleotide-dependent pathway in human. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18139. [PMID: 38334198 PMCID: PMC10853947 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelets assume a pivotal role in the cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Thus, targeting platelet activation is imperative for mitigating CVDs. Ginkgetin (GK), from Ginkgo biloba L, renowned for its anticancer and neuroprotective properties, remains unexplored concerning its impact on platelet activation, particularly in humans. In this investigation, we delved into the intricate mechanisms through which GK influences human platelets. At low concentrations (0.5-1 μM), GK exhibited robust inhibition of collagen and arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation. Intriguingly, thrombin and U46619 remained impervious to GK's influence. GK's modulatory effect extended to ATP release, P-selectin expression, intracellular calcium ([Ca2+ ]i) levels and thromboxane A2 formation. It significantly curtailed the activation of various signaling cascades, encompassing phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2)/protein kinase C (PKC), phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3β and mitogen-activated protein kinases. GK's antiplatelet effect was not reversed by SQ22536 (an adenylate cyclase inhibitor) or ODQ (a guanylate cyclase inhibitor), and GK had no effect on the phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoproteinSer157 or Ser239 . Moreover, neither cyclic AMP nor cyclic GMP levels were significantly increased after GK treatment. In mouse studies, GK notably extended occlusion time in mesenteric vessels, while sparing bleeding time. In conclusion, GK's profound impact on platelet activation, achieved through inhibiting PLCγ2-PKC cascade, culminates in the suppression of downstream signaling and, ultimately, the inhibition of platelet aggregation. These findings underscore the promising therapeutic potential of GK in the CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih‐Wei Hsia
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Medical ResearchTaipei Medical University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Lan‐Hsin Shu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ai‐Wei Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Oanh‐Thi Tran
- International Master/Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Chih‐Hao Yang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ting‐Lin Yen
- Department of Medical ResearchCathay General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Wei‐Chieh Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Chih‐Hsuan Hsia
- Translational Medicine CenterShin Kong Wu Ho‐Su Memorial HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | | | - Kuan‐Rau Chiou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho HospitalTaipei Medical UniversityNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Joen‐Rong Sheu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
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6
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González Brito R, Montenegro P, Méndez A, Shabgahi RE, Pasquarelli A, Borges R. Analytical Determination of Serotonin Exocytosis in Human Platelets with BDD-on-Quartz MEA Devices. Biosensors (Basel) 2024; 14:75. [PMID: 38391994 PMCID: PMC10886747 DOI: 10.3390/bios14020075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Amperometry is arguably the most widely used technique for studying the exocytosis of biological amines. However, the scarcity of human tissues, particularly in the context of neurological diseases, poses a challenge for exocytosis research. Human platelets, which accumulate 90% of blood serotonin, release it through exocytosis. Nevertheless, single-cell amperometry with encapsulated carbon fibers is impractical due to the small size of platelets and the limited number of secretory granules on each platelet. The recent technological improvements in amperometric multi-electrode array (MEA) devices allow simultaneous recordings from several high-performance electrodes. In this paper, we present a comparison of three MEA boron-doped diamond (BDD) devices for studying serotonin exocytosis in human platelets: (i) the BDD-on-glass MEA, (ii) the BDD-on-silicon MEA, and (iii) the BDD on amorphous quartz MEA (BDD-on-quartz MEA). Transparent electrodes offer several advantages for observing living cells, and in the case of platelets, they control activation/aggregation. BDD-on-quartz offers the advantage over previous materials of combining excellent electrochemical properties with transparency for microscopic observation. These devices are opening exciting perspectives for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalía González Brito
- Pharmacology Unit, Medical School, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Spain; (R.G.B.); (P.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Pablo Montenegro
- Pharmacology Unit, Medical School, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Spain; (R.G.B.); (P.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Alicia Méndez
- Pharmacology Unit, Medical School, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Spain; (R.G.B.); (P.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Ramtin E. Shabgahi
- Institute of Electron Devices and Circuits, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany; (R.E.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Alberto Pasquarelli
- Institute of Electron Devices and Circuits, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany; (R.E.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Ricardo Borges
- Pharmacology Unit, Medical School, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Spain; (R.G.B.); (P.M.); (A.M.)
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7
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Brullo C, Russo E, Garibaldi S, Altieri P, Ameri P, Ravera S, Signorello MG. Inside the Mechanism of Action of Three Pyrazole Derivatives in Human Platelets and Endothelial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12. [PMID: 36829775 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In the effort to obtain multitarget compound interfering with inflammation, oxidative stress, and tumorigenesis, we synthesized a small library of pyrazole compounds, selecting 4a, 4f, and 4g as the most noteworthy being IC50 against platelet ROS production induced by thrombin of about 10 µM. The in vitro antioxidant potential of the three molecules was evaluated, and since they show a remarkable antioxidative activity, their effect on several parameter indicative of oxidative status and on the efficiency of the aerobic metabolism was tested. The three molecules strongly inhibit superoxide anion production, lipid peroxidation, NADPH oxidase activity and almost restore the oxidative phosphorylation efficiency in thrombin-stimulated platelet, demonstrating a protective effect against oxidative stress. This effect was confirmed in endothelial cell in which 4a, 4f, and 4g show an interesting inhibition activity on H2O2-stimulated EA.hy926 cells. At last, antiproliferative activity of 4a, 4f, and 4g was submitted to a large screening at the NCI. The molecules show interesting anticancer activity, among them the most remarkable is 4g able to strongly inhibit the proliferation of both solid tumor and leukemia cells lines. In conclusion, all the three newly synthetized pyrazoles show remarkable antioxidant and antiproliferative effect worthy of further study.
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8
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Signorello MG, Ravera S, Leoncini G. Endocannabinoids effect on oxidative status of human platelets. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:46-58. [PMID: 36260649 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to regulate platelet activation. Since endocannabinoids behave as platelet agonists, we investigated the effect of two endocannabinoids, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2AG) and anandamide (AEA) on the oxidative status of human platelets. We have demonstrated that 2AG and AEA stimulate ROS production, superoxide anion formation and lipid peroxidation. The effect is dose and time dependent and mainly occurs through the involvement of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) since all tested parameters are greatly reduced by SR141716, the CB1 specific inhibitor. The specific inhibitor of cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) SR144528 produces a very small inhibition. The involvement of syk/PI3K/AKT/mTor pathway in oxidative stress induced by endocannabinoids is shown. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase seems to be poorly involved in the endocannabinoids effect. Concerning the aerobic metabolism, it has been demonstrated that endocannabinoids reduce the oxygen consumption and adenosine triphosphate synthesis, both in the presence of pyruvate + malate or succinate. In addition, endocannabinoids inhibit the activity of respiratory complexes II, III and IV and increase the activity of respiratory complex I. The endocannabinoids effect on aerobic metabolism seems to be also a CB1 mediated mechanism. Thus, in human platelets oxidative stress induced by endocannabinoids, mainly generated in the respiratory chain through the activation of complex I and the inhibition of complex II, III and IV, may lead to thrombotic events, contributing to cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Giuliana Leoncini
- Biochemistry Lab, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
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Rambach G, Striednig B, Neurauter M, Hermann M, Würzner R, Lass-Flörl C, Speth C. Indications that the Antimycotic Drug Amphotericin B Enhances the Impact of Platelets on Aspergillus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2022;:e0068122. [PMID: 36190233 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00681-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are currently thought to harbor antimicrobial functions and might therefore play a crucial role in infections, e.g., those caused by Aspergillus or mucormycetes. The incidence of invasive fungal infections is increasing, particularly during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and such infections continue to be life-threatening in immunocompromised patients. For this reason, the interaction of antimycotics with platelets is a key issue to evaluate modern therapeutic regimens. Amphotericin B (AmB) is widely used for the therapy of invasive fungal infections either as deoxycholate (AmB-D) or as a liposomal formulation (L-AmB). We showed that AmB strongly activates platelets within a few minutes. AmB concentrations commonly measured in the blood of patients were sufficient to stimulate platelets, indicating that this effect is highly relevant in vivo. The stimulating effect was corroborated by a broad spectrum of platelet activation parameters, including degranulation, aggregation, budding of microparticles, morphological changes, and enhanced adherence to fungal hyphae. Comparison between the deoxycholate and the liposomal formulation excluded the possibility that the liposomal part of L-Amb is responsible for these effects, as no difference was visible. The induction of platelet activation and alteration by L-AmB resulted in the activation of other parts of innate immunity, such as stimulation of the complement cascade and interaction with granulocytes. These mechanisms might substantially fuel the antifungal immune reaction in invasive mycoses. On the other hand, thrombosis and excessive inflammatory processes might occur via these mechanisms. Furthermore, the viability of L-AmB-activated platelets was consequently decreased, a process that might contribute to thrombocytopenia in patients.
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Huang WC, Hou SM, Wu MP, Hsia CW, Jayakumar T, Hsia CH, Bhavan PS, Chung CL, Sheu JR. Decreased Human Platelet Activation and Mouse Pulmonary Thrombosis by Rutaecarpine and Comparison of the Relative Effectiveness with BAY11-7082: Crucial Signals of p38-NF-κB. Molecules 2022; 27:476. [PMID: 35056795 PMCID: PMC8780806 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets play a critical role in arterial thrombosis. Rutaecarpine (RUT) was purified from Tetradium ruticarpum, a well-known Chinese medicine. This study examined the relative activity of RUT with NF-κB inhibitors in human platelets. BAY11-7082 (an inhibitor of IκB kinase [IKK]), Ro106-9920 (an inhibitor of proteasomes), and RUT concentration-dependently (1-6 μM) inhibited platelet aggregation and P-selectin expression. RUT was found to have a similar effect to that of BAY11-7082; however, it exhibits more effectiveness than Ro106-9920. RUT suppresses the NF-κB pathway as it inhibits IKK, IκBα, and p65 phosphorylation and reverses IκBα degradation in activated platelets. This study also investigated the role of p38 and NF-κB in cell signaling events and found that SB203580 (an inhibitor of p38) markedly reduced p38, IKK, and p65 phosphorylation and reversed IκBα degradation as well as p65 activation in a confocal microscope, whereas BAY11-7082 had no effects in p38 phosphorylation. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay shows that RUT and BAY11-7082 did not exhibit free radical scavenging activity. In the in vivo study, compared with BAY11-7082, RUT more effectively reduced mortality in adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced acute pulmonary thromboembolism without affecting the bleeding time. In conclusion, a distinctive pathway of p38-mediated NF-κB activation may involve RUT-mediated antiplatelet activation, and RUT could act as a strong prophylactic or therapeutic drug for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (S.-M.H.); (M.-P.W.); (C.-W.H.); (T.J.)
| | - Shaw-Min Hou
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (S.-M.H.); (M.-P.W.); (C.-W.H.); (T.J.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ping Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (S.-M.H.); (M.-P.W.); (C.-W.H.); (T.J.)
- Division of Urogynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Hsia
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (S.-M.H.); (M.-P.W.); (C.-W.H.); (T.J.)
| | - Thanasekaran Jayakumar
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (S.-M.H.); (M.-P.W.); (C.-W.H.); (T.J.)
| | - Chih-Hsuan Hsia
- Translational Medicine Center, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan;
| | | | - Chi-Li Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Joen-Rong Sheu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (S.-M.H.); (M.-P.W.); (C.-W.H.); (T.J.)
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11
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Doi T, Hori T, Onuma T, Mizutani D, Ueda K, Enomoto Y, Matsushima-Nishiwaki R, Tanabe K, Hioki T, Tokuda H, Iwama T, Iida H, Kozawa O, Ogura S. Thrombopoietin and collagen in low doses cooperatively induce human platelet activation. Acute Med Surg 2022; 9:e769. [PMID: 35782955 PMCID: PMC9233307 DOI: 10.1002/ams2.769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim In acute medicine, we occasionally treat life‐threatening conditions such as sepsis and trauma, which cause severe thrombocytopenia. Serum thrombopoietin levels have been reported to increase under the condition of thrombocytopenia related to severity. Collagen is a crucial activator of platelets, and Rho family members, such as Rho/Rho‐kinase and Rac, play roles as active molecules involved in the intracellular signaling pathways in platelet activation. The present study aimed to elucidate the effects of thrombopoietin (TPO) on subthreshold low‐dose collagen‐stimulated human platelets in terms of Rho/Rho‐kinase and Rac. Methods Platelet‐rich plasma donated from healthy volunteers was stimulated by the subthreshold low‐dose of collagen after pretreatment with TPO and/or NSC23766, an inhibitor of the Rac‐guanine nucleotide exchange factor interaction, or Y27632, an inhibitor of Rho‐kinase. Platelet aggregation was measured using an aggregometer based on laser‐scattering methods. Proteins involved in intracellular signaling were analyzed using western blotting, and the secretion of platelet‐derived growth factor‐AB from activated platelets was determined using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Results Under the existence of TPO, the low dose of collagen remarkably elicited the aggregation and platelet‐derived growth factor‐AB secretion of platelets, which were suppressed by NSC23766 and Y27632. The combination of TPO and collagen considerably induced a transient increase of guanosine triphosphate (GTP)‐binding Rac and GTP‐binding Rho followed by an increase of phosphorylated cofilin, a Rho‐kinase substrate. Conclusion These results strongly suggest that TPO and collagen in low doses cooperatively potentiate human platelet activation through both Rac and Rho/Rho‐kinase mediated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Doi
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan.,Department of Pharmacology Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
| | - Takamitsu Hori
- Department of Pharmacology Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
| | - Takashi Onuma
- Department of Pharmacology Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
| | - Daisuke Mizutani
- Department of Pharmacology Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
| | - Kyohei Ueda
- Department of Pharmacology Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
| | - Yukiko Enomoto
- Department of Neurosurgery Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
| | | | - Kumiko Tanabe
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Hioki
- Department of Pharmacology Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan.,Department of Dermatology Central Japan International Medical Center Minokamo Japan
| | - Haruhiko Tokuda
- Department of Pharmacology Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory/Medical Genome Center National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Obu Japan.,Department of Metabolic Research National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Obu Japan
| | - Toru Iwama
- Department of Neurosurgery Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
| | - Hiroki Iida
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
| | - Osamu Kozawa
- Department of Pharmacology Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
| | - Shinji Ogura
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
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12
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Vernerova A, Garcia-Souza LF, Soucek O, Kostal M, Rehacek V, Kujovska Krcmova L, Gnaiger E, Sobotka O. Mitochondrial Respiration of Platelets: Comparison of Isolation Methods. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121859. [PMID: 34944675 PMCID: PMC8698846 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple non-aggregatory functions of human platelets (PLT) are widely acknowledged, yet their functional examination is limited mainly due to a lack of standardized isolation and analytic methods. Platelet apheresis (PA) is an established clinical method for PLT isolation aiming at the treatment of bleeding diathesis in severe thrombocytopenia. On the other hand, density gradient centrifugation (DC) is an isolation method applied in research for the analysis of the mitochondrial metabolic profile of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in PLT obtained from small samples of human blood. We studied PLT obtained from 29 healthy donors by high-resolution respirometry for comparison of PA and DC isolates. ROUTINE respiration and electron transfer capacity of living PLT isolated by PA were significantly higher than in the DC group, whereas plasma membrane permeabilization resulted in a 57% decrease of succinate oxidation in PA compared to DC. These differences were eliminated after washing the PA platelets with phosphate buffer containing 10 mmol·L−1 ethylene glycol-bis (2-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N′,N′-tetra-acetic acid, suggesting that several components, particularly Ca2+ and fuel substrates, were carried over into the respiratory assay from the serum in PA. A simple washing step was sufficient to enable functional mitochondrial analysis in subsamples obtained from PA. The combination of the standard clinical PA isolation procedure with PLT quality control and routine mitochondrial OXPHOS diagnostics meets an acute clinical demand in biomedical research of patients suffering from thrombocytopenia and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vernerova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203/8, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (A.V.); (L.K.K.)
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | | | - Ondrej Soucek
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Milan Kostal
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine—Hematology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Vit Rehacek
- Transfusion Department, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Lenka Kujovska Krcmova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203/8, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (A.V.); (L.K.K.)
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Erich Gnaiger
- Oroboros Instruments GmbH, Schoepfstrasse 18, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (L.F.G.-S.); (E.G.)
- D.Swarovski Research Laboratory, Department of General and Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Christoph-Probst-Platz 1, Innrain 52, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ondrej Sobotka
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine—Metabolic Care and Gerontology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-495832243
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13
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Huang CJ, Huang WC, Lin WT, Shu LH, Sheu JR, Tran OT, Hsia CW, Jayakumar T, Bhavan PS, Hsieh CY, Chang CC. Rutaecarpine, an Alkaloid from Evodia rutaecarpa, Can Prevent Platelet Activation in Humans and Reduce Microvascular Thrombosis in Mice: Crucial Role of the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β Signal Axis through a Cyclic Nucleotides/VASP-Independent Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011109. [PMID: 34681769 PMCID: PMC8537152 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of activated platelets in acute and chronic cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is well established. Therefore, antiplatelet drugs significantly reduce the risk of severe CVDs. Evodia rutaecarpa (Wu-Chu-Yu) is a well-known Chinese medicine, and rutaecarpine (Rut) is a main bioactive component with substantial beneficial properties including vasodilation. To address a research gap, we investigated the inhibitory mechanisms of Rut in washed human platelets and experimental mice. At low concentrations (1–5 μM), Rut strongly inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation, whereas it exerted only a slight or no effect on platelets stimulated with other agonists (e.g., thrombin). Rut markedly inhibited P-selectin expression; adenosine triphosphate release; [Ca2+]i mobilization; hydroxyl radical formation; and phospholipase C (PLC)γ2/protein kinase C (PKC), mitogen-activated protein kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) phosphorylation stimulated by collagen. SQ22536 (an adenylate cyclase inhibitor) or ODQ (a guanylate cyclase inhibitor) did not reverse Rut-mediated antiplatelet aggregation. Rut was not directly responding to vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein phosphorylation. Rut significantly increased the occlusion time of fluorescence irradiated thrombotic platelet plug formation. The findings demonstrated that Rut exerts a strong effect against platelet activation through the PLCγ2/PKC and PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathways. Thus, Rut can be a potential therapeutic agent for thromboembolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Jen Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chieh Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (W.-T.L.); (J.-R.S.); (C.-W.H.); (T.J.)
| | - Wei-Ting Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (W.-T.L.); (J.-R.S.); (C.-W.H.); (T.J.)
| | - Lan-Hsin Shu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Joen-Rong Sheu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (W.-T.L.); (J.-R.S.); (C.-W.H.); (T.J.)
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Oanh-Thi Tran
- International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Wei Hsia
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (W.-T.L.); (J.-R.S.); (C.-W.H.); (T.J.)
| | - Thanasekaran Jayakumar
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (W.-T.L.); (J.-R.S.); (C.-W.H.); (T.J.)
| | | | - Cheng-Ying Hsieh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.H.); (C.-C.C.); Tel.: +886-2-27361661 (ext. 3194) (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Chao-Chien Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.H.); (C.-C.C.); Tel.: +886-2-27361661 (ext. 3194) (C.-Y.H.)
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14
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Komosa A, Perek B, Rzymski P, Poniedziałek B, Grygier M, Siniawski A, Szabatowska K, Siller-Matula J, Jemielity M, Misterski M, Lesiak M. Platelet function in patients undergoing surgical and transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a comparative study. Kardiol Pol 2021; 79:554-561. [PMID: 34125929 DOI: 10.33963/kp.15964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intervention-induced platelet hypercoagulability may pose a risk of serious adverse events for patients. AIMS This study aimed to assess whether surgical and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (SAVR and TAVR) differ in periprocedural platelet activity. METHODS The total number of 24 patients with a mean age (SD) of 71 (13) years who underwent SAVR (n = 12) or TAVR (n = 12) were recruited for the study. The following parameters were evaluated at 4 time-points: (i) platelet indices: total platelet count (PLT), platelet distribution width (PDW) and mean platelet volume (MPV), (ii) MPV/PLT ratio, (iii) platelet level of lipid peroxidation: malondialdehyde (MDA) content and MDA/PLT ratio. Eventually, percentage variations of PLT, PDW, and MPV in relation to the baseline values were determined. RESULTS MPV/PLT ratio increased significantly after procedures in both groups (P = 0.01 in TAVI and P = 0.01 in SAVR). MDA concentrations were significantly higher when assessed directly post-procedure (P = 0.04) as well as 24 hours later (P = 0.01) in the SAVR and TAVI groups. The indirect parameter of platelet activity indexed for platelet counts (MDA/PLT) was comparable between both groups before and 48 hours after procedures, but was significantly higher in SAVR patients, particularly after 24 hours after interventions (P = 0.04; medians TAVR vs SAVR, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Standard surgical aortic valve replacement is associated with a more pronounced platelet reaction to intervention-induced injury, as compared to the transcatheter-based procedure. The importance of these laboratory findings requires further investigation focused on early and late clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Komosa
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Bartłomiej Perek
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Rzymski
- Department of Facial Malformation, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- Integrated Science Association (ISA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Poznań, Poland
| | - Barbara Poniedziałek
- Department of Facial Malformation, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marek Grygier
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Andrzej Siniawski
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Jolanta Siller-Matula
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Marek Jemielity
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marcin Misterski
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Lesiak
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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15
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Cabrera D, Walker K, Moise S, Telling ND, Harper AGS. Controlling human platelet activation with calcium-binding nanoparticles. Nano Res 2020; 13:2697-2705. [PMID: 33473261 PMCID: PMC7116604 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-020-2912-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Human platelets aggregate at sites of blood vessel damage in response to a rise in their cytosolic calcium concentration. Controlling these cytosolic calcium rises would provide a method to inhibit platelet activation and prevent the unwanted blood clots that causes heart attack and strokes. Previously we have predicted that calcium accumulation within the lumen of an infolded portion of the platelet plasma membrane called the open canalicular system (OCS) is essential for maintaining this cytosolic calcium rise. Due to its nanometer dimensions of the OCS, it has been difficult to measure or interfere with the predicted luminal calcium accumulation. Here we utilise iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles coated with the known calcium chelator, citrate, to create calcium-binding nanoparticles. These were used to assess whether an OCS calcium store plays a role in controlling the dynamics of human platelet activation and aggregation. We demonstrate that citrate-coated nanoparticles are rapidly and selectively uptaken into the OCS of activated human platelets, where they act to buffer the accumulation of calcium there. Treatment with these calcium-binding nanoparticles reduced thrombin-evoked cytosolic calcium rises, and slowed platelet aggregation and clot retraction in human platelets. In contrast, nanoparticles that cannot bind calcium have no effect. This study demonstrates that the OCS acts as a key source of calcium for maintaining cytosolic calcium rises and accelerating platelet aggregation, and that calcium-binding nanoparticles targeted to the OCS could provide an anti-platelet therapy to treat patients at risk of suffering heart attacks or strokes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cabrera
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Thornburrow Drive, Hartshill, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK
| | - Karen Walker
- Central Electron Microscope Unit, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Sandhya Moise
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Thornburrow Drive, Hartshill, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Neil D Telling
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Thornburrow Drive, Hartshill, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK
| | - Alan G S Harper
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Thornburrow Drive, Hartshill, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK
- School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
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16
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Forero Ramirez LM, Gobin E, Aid-Launais R, Journe C, Moraes FC, Picton L, Le Cerf D, Letourneur D, Chauvierre C, Chaubet F. Gd(DOTA)-grafted submicronic polysaccharide-based particles functionalized with fucoidan as potential MR contrast agent able to target human activated platelets. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 245:116457. [PMID: 32718599 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Early detection of thrombotic events remains a big medical challenge. Dextran-based submicronic particles bearing Gd(DOTA) groups and functionalized with fucoidan have been produced via a simple and green water-in-oil emulsification/co-crosslinking process. Their capacity to bind to human activated platelets was evidenced in vitro as well as their cytocompatibility with human endothelial cells. The presence of Gd(DOTA) moieties was confirmed by elemental analysis and total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TRXF) spectrometry. Detailed characterization of particles was performed in terms of size distribution, morphology, and relaxation rates. In particular, longitudinal and transversal proton relaxivities were respectively 1.7 and 5.0 times higher than those of DOTAREM. This study highlights their potential as an MRI diagnostic platform for atherothrombosis.
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17
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Boyanov KO, Maneva AI. Influence of Platelet Aggregation Modulators on Cyclic AMP Production in Human Thrombocytes. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2019; 60:241-247. [PMID: 30355828 DOI: 10.1515/folmed-2017-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclic AMP is a powerful inhibitor of platelet aggregation. In the present study we examined the effect of platelet aggregation modulators on cyclic AMP content in human thrombocytes. Of the agents we tested, lactoferrin, wortmannin, quercetin and amiloride are platelet aggregation inhibitors, whereas ouabain is a platelet activator. AIM To investigate the effect of lactoferrin, wortmannin, quercetin, ouabain and amiloride applied alone and in combination with lactoferrin on cyclic AMP production in human platelets. MATERIALS AND METHODS 'Direct cAMP ELISA kit' was used for cyclic AMP determination. RESULTS The studied modulators, individually or in combination, stimulate cyclic AMP production in platelets. CONCLUSIONS Wortmannin, quercetin, ouabain and amiloride increase cyclic AMP level in human platelets. Lactoferrin also increases cyclic AMP level, but the effect is statistically insignificant, which shows that lactoferrin does not participate directly in the cyclic AMP signaling. Lactoferrin additionally augments the stimulating action of wortmannin, quercetin, ouabain and amiloride on the cyclic AMP production. This probably shows a synergetic interference of lactoferrin in signal pathways along with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (wortmannin), quercetin (control over protein kinases, the redox state of the cell and ion transport), ouabain and amiloride (mechanisms of ion transport and phosphorylation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Krasimir O Boyanov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ana I Maneva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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18
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Hsia CW, Lin KC, Lee TY, Hsia CH, Chou DS, Jayakumar T, Velusamy M, Chang CC, Sheu JR. Esculetin, a Coumarin Derivative, Prevents Thrombosis: Inhibitory Signaling on PLCγ2-PKC-AKT Activation in Human Platelets. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112731. [PMID: 31163690 PMCID: PMC6600380 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Esculetin, a bioactive 6,7-dihydroxy derivative of coumarin, possesses pharmacological activities against obesity, diabetes, renal failure, and cardiovascular disorders (CVDs). Platelet activation plays a major role in CVDs. Thus, disrupting platelet activation represents an attractive therapeutic target. We examined the effect of esculetin in human platelet activation and experimental mouse models. At 10–80 μM, esculetin inhibited collagen- and arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation in washed human platelets. However, it had no effects on other agonists such as thrombin and U46619. Esculetin inhibited adenosine triphosphate release, P-selectin expression, hydroxyl radical (OH·) formation, Akt activation, and phospholipase C (PLC)γ2/protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylation, but did not diminish mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in collagen-activated human platelets. Platelet function analysis indicated that esculetin substantially prolonged the closure time of whole blood. In experimental mice, esculetin significantly increased the occlusion time in thrombotic platelet plug formation and reduced mortality associated with acute pulmonary thromboembolism. However, it did not prolong the bleeding time. This study demonstrates that esculetin inhibits human platelet activation via hindering the PLCγ2–PKC cascade, hydroxyl radical formation, Akt activation, and ultimately suppressing platelet activation. Therefore, esculetin may act as an essential therapeutic agent for preventing thromboembolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Wei Hsia
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Kao-Chang Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Neurology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan.
| | - Tzu-Yin Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hsuan Hsia
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Central Laboratory, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan.
| | - Duen-Suey Chou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Thanasekaran Jayakumar
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Marappan Velusamy
- Department of Chemistry, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India.
| | - Chao-Chien Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan.
| | - Joen-Rong Sheu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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19
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Dai L, Gu N, Chen BA, Marriott G. Human platelets repurposed as vehicles for in vivo imaging of myeloma xenotransplants. Oncotarget 2018; 7:21076-90. [PMID: 27049725 PMCID: PMC5008270 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Human platelets were identified in tumors by Trousseau in 1865, although their roles in tumor microenvironments have only recently attracted the attention of cancer researchers. In this study we exploit and enhance platelet interactions in tumor microenvironments by introducing tumor-targeting and imaging functions. The first step in repurposing human platelets as vehicles for tumor-targeting was to inhibit platelet-aggregation by cytoplasmic-loading of kabiramide (KabC), a potent inhibitor of actin polymerization and membrane protrusion. KabC-Platelets can accumulate high levels of other membrane-permeable cytoxins and probes, including epidoxorubicin, carboxyfluorescein di-ester and chlorin-e6. Finally, mild reaction conditions were developed to couple tumor-targeting proteins and antibodies to KabC-platelets. Fluorescence microscopy studies showed KabC-platelets, surface-coupled with transferrin and Cy5, bind specifically to RPMI8226 and K562 cells, both of which over-express the transferrin receptor. Repurposed platelets circulate for upto 9-days a feature that increases their chance of interacting with target cells. KabC-platelets, surface-coupled with transferrin and Cy7, or chlorin-e6, and injected in immuno-compromised mice were shown to accumulate specifically in sub-cutaneous and intra-cranial myeloma xenotransplants. The high-contrast, in vivo fluorescence images recorded from repurposed platelets within early-stage myeloma is a consequence in part of their large size (φ∼2μm), which allows them to transport 100 to 1000-times more targeting-protein and probe molecules respectively. Human platelets can be configured with a plurality of therapeutic and targeting antibodies to help stage tumor environments for an immunotherapy, or with combinations of therapeutic antibodies and therapeutic agents to target and treat cardiovascular and neurologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Dai
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Gu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bao-An Chen
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gerard Marriott
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
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20
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Signorello MG, Leoncini G. The molecular mechanisms involved in lectin-induced human platelet aggregation. Biol Chem 2017; 398:1335-1346. [PMID: 28779561 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2017-0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We have compared the effect of three legume lectins, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), Phaseolus vulgaris agglutinin (PHA) and Lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA), on the function of human platelets. We have found that WGA is more active than PHA in stimulating platelet activation/aggregation, while LCA has no effect. Studies on the mechanisms involved show that WGA and PHA induce phosphorylation/activation of PLCγ2 and increase [Ca2+]i. For the first time, it has been shown that Src/Syk pathway, the adapter protein SLP-76 and the exchange protein VAV, participate in the PLCγ2 activation by these lectins. Moreover WGA and PHA stimulate the PI3K/AKT pathway. PI3K, through its product phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate activates Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) and contributes to PLCγ2 activation. In conclusion, our findings suggest that PLCγ2 activation induced by WGA and PHA is regulated by Src/Syk and by PI3K/BTK pathways through their concerted action.
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Signorello MG, Leoncini G. Activation of CaMKKβ/AMPKα pathway by 2-AG in human platelets. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:876-884. [PMID: 28661046 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether AMPK is activated by 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and participates to the cytoskeleton control in human platelets. We found that 2-AG stimulates the AMPKα activation through a Ca2+ /Calmodulin-dependent pathway as the specific inhibition of the CaMKKβ by STO-609 inhibits the AMPKα phosphorylation/activation. Moreover, the CaMKKβ/AMPKα pathway activated by 2-AG is involved in the phosphorylation of cofilin, vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), and myosin light chain (MLCs). These proteins participate to actin cytoskeletal remodelling during aggregation. We found that the phosphorylation/activation inhibition of these proteins is associated with a significant reduction in actin polymerization, aggregation, ATP, and α-granule secretion. Finally, AMPKα activation, Cofilin, VASP, and MLCs phosphorylation are significantly reduced by SR141716, the specific inhibitor of type 1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptor, suggesting that the CB1 receptor is involved in the 2-AG effect. In conclusion, we have shown that the CaMKKβ/AMPKα pathway is activated by 2-AG in human platelets and controls the phosphorylation of key proteins involved in actin polymerization and aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giuliana Leoncini
- Department of Pharmacy, Biochemistry Lab, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
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Kontogianni VG, Tsoumani ME, Kellici TF, Mavromoustakos T, Gerothanassis IP, Tselepis AD, Tzakos AG. Deconvoluting the Dual Antiplatelet Activity of a Plant Extract. J Agric Food Chem 2016; 64:4511-4521. [PMID: 27161160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A thorough evaluation of the antiplatelet activity profile of hexane olive leaf extract in human platelets indicated a potent activity accomplished through a two axis inhibition of platelet activation triggered both by ADP and thrombin. To delineate the extract components responsible for this dual activity, an NMR based method was established to determine and quantify the triterpenoid content leading to the characterization of uvaol, erythrodiol, and oleanolic acid. The antiplatelet profile of the total extract and of the 3 determined triterpenoids was evaluated against in vitro platelet aggregation induced by several platelet agonists as also on PAC-1 binding and P-selectin membrane expression both in healthy volunteers and in platelets from patients with an acute coronary syndrome receiving dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and ticagrelor. The extract was identified to inhibit ADP-induced platelet activation due to its erythrodiol content and TRAP-induced platelet activation due to the activity of uvaol and oleanolic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliki G Kontogianni
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina , 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Maria E Tsoumani
- Atherothrombosis Research Centre/Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina , 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Tahsin F Kellici
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina , 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens, Greece
| | - Thomas Mavromoustakos
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis P Gerothanassis
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina , 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Alexandros D Tselepis
- Atherothrombosis Research Centre/Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina , 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Andreas G Tzakos
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina , 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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Keller B, García-Sevilla JA. Immunodetection and subcellular distribution of imidazoline receptor proteins with three antibodies in mouse and human brains: Effects of treatments with I1- and I2-imidazoline drugs. J Psychopharmacol 2015; 29:996-1012. [PMID: 26038110 DOI: 10.1177/0269881115586936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Various imidazoline receptor (IR) proteins have been proposed to mediate the effects of selective I1- and I2-IR drugs. However, the association of these IR-binding proteins with classic I1- and I2-radioligand binding sites remains somewhat controversial. In this study, three IR antibodies (anti-NISCH and anti-nischarin for I1-IRs; and anti-IRBP for I1/I2-IRs) were used to immunodetect, characterize and compare IR protein patterns in brain (mouse and human; total homogenate, subcellular fractionation, grey and white matter) and some cell systems (neurones, astrocytes, human platelets). Various immunoreactive IRs (specific molecular weight bands coincidently detected with the different antibodies) were related to I1-IR (167 kDa, 105/115 kDa and 85 kDa proteins) or I2-IR (66 kDa, 45 kDa and 30 kDa proteins) types. The biochemical characterization of cortical 167 kDa protein, localized in the membrane/cytosol but not in the nucleus, indicated that this I1-IR also forms part of higher order nischarin-related complexes. The contents of I1-IR (167 kDa, 105/115 kDa, and 85 kDa) proteins in mouse brain cortex were upregulated by treatment with I1-drugs (moxonidine, efaroxan) but not with I2-drugs (BU-224, LSL 61122). Conversely, the contents of I2-IR (66 kDa, 45 kDa and 30 kDa) proteins in mouse brain cortex were modulated by treatment with I2-drugs (decreases after BU-224 and LSL 61122, and increases after idazoxan) but not with I1-drugs (with the exception of moxonidine). These findings further indicate that brain immunoreactive IR proteins exist in multiple forms that can be grouped in the already known I1- and I2-IR types, which are expressed both in neurones and astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Keller
- Laboratori de Neurofarmacologia, IUNICS-IdISPa, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain and Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RETICS-RTA), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús A García-Sevilla
- Laboratori de Neurofarmacologia, IUNICS-IdISPa, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain and Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RETICS-RTA), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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Zbidi H, Jardin I, Woodard GE, Lopez JJ, Berna-Erro A, Salido GM, Rosado JA. STIM1 and STIM2 are located in the acidic Ca2+ stores and associates with Orai1 upon depletion of the acidic stores in human platelets. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:12257-70. [PMID: 21321120 PMCID: PMC3069429 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.190694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Revised: 02/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cells accumulate Ca2+ into agonist-sensitive acidic organelles, vesicles that possess a vacuolar proton-ATPase. Acidic Ca2+ stores include secretory granules and lysosome-related organelles. Current evidence clearly indicates that acidic Ca2+ stores participate in cell signaling and function, including the activation of store-operated Ca2+ entry in human platelets upon depletion of the acidic stores, although the mechanism underlying the activation of store-operated Ca2+ entry controlled by the acidic stores remains unclear. STIM1 has been presented as the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ sensor, but its role sensing intraluminal Ca2+ concentration in the acidic stores has not been investigated. Here we report that STIM1 and STIM2 are expressed in the lysosome-related organelles and dense granules in human platelets isolated by immunomagnetic sorting. Depletion of the acidic Ca2+ stores using the specific vacuolar proton-ATPase inhibitor, bafilomycin A1, enhanced the association between STIM1 and STIM2 as well as between these proteins and the plasma membrane channel Orai1. Depletion of the acidic Ca2+ stores also induces time-dependent co-immunoprecipitation of STIM1 with the TRPC proteins hTRPC1 and hTRPC6, as well as between Orai1 and both TRPC proteins. In addition, bafilomycin A1 enhanced the association between STIM2 and SERCA3. These findings demonstrate the location of STIM1 and STIM2 in the acidic Ca2+ stores and their association with Ca2+ channels and ATPases upon acidic stores discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanene Zbidi
- From the Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group) University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Isaac Jardin
- From the Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group) University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | | | - Jose J. Lopez
- Hémostase et Dynamique Cellulaire Vasculaire U770, INSERM, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Alejandro Berna-Erro
- From the Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group) University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Ginés M. Salido
- From the Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group) University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Juan A. Rosado
- From the Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group) University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
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Begni B, Tremolizzo L, D'Orlando C, Bono MS, Garofolo R, Longoni M, Ferrarese C. Substrate-induced modulation of glutamate uptake in human platelets. Br J Pharmacol 2005; 145:792-9. [PMID: 15880141 PMCID: PMC1576196 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2004] [Revised: 02/07/2005] [Accepted: 04/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In the central nervous system (CNS), glutamate rapidly upregulates the activities of different excitatory amino-acid transporter subtypes (EAATs) in order to help protect neurons from excitotoxicity. Since human platelets display a specific sodium-dependent glutamate uptake activity, and express the three major glutamate transporters, which may be affected in neurological disorders, we investigated whether platelets are subject to substrate-induced modulation as described for CNS. A time- and dose-dependent upregulation of [3H]-glutamate uptake (up to two-fold) was observed in platelets preincubated with glutamate. There was an increase in maximal velocity rate without affinity changes. Glutamate receptor agonists and antagonists did not modulate this upregulation and preincubation with glutamate analogues failed to mimic the glutamate effect. Only aspartate preincubation increased the uptake, albeit approximately 35% less with respect to glutamate. The effect of glutamate preincubation on the expression of the three major transporters was studied by Western blotting, showing an increase of approximately 70% in EAAT1 immunoreactivity that was completely blocked by cycloheximide (CEM). However, L-serine-O-sulphate, at a concentration (200 microM) known to block EAAT1/3 selectively, did not completely inhibit the effect of glutamate stimulation, indicating the possible involvement of EAAT2. In fact, glutamate stimulation was completely abolished only when, following CEM pre-incubation, the experiment was run in the presence of the selective EAAT2 inhibitor dihydrokainic acid. Since surface biotinylation experiments failed to show evidence of EAAT2 translocation, our results suggest the existence of a different way of regulating EAAT2 activity. These findings indicate that human platelets display a substrate-dependent modulation of glutamate uptake mediated by different molecular mechanisms and confirm that ex vivo platelets are a reliable model to investigate the dysfunction of glutamate uptake regulation in patients affected by neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Begni
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Technologies, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore, Monza (MI) 48-20052, Italy
| | - Lucio Tremolizzo
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Technologies, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore, Monza (MI) 48-20052, Italy
- Department of Neurology, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (MI), Italy
| | - Cristina D'Orlando
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Technologies, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore, Monza (MI) 48-20052, Italy
| | - Maria Serena Bono
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Technologies, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore, Monza (MI) 48-20052, Italy
| | - Rosanna Garofolo
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Technologies, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore, Monza (MI) 48-20052, Italy
| | - Marco Longoni
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Technologies, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore, Monza (MI) 48-20052, Italy
- Department of Neurology, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (MI), Italy
| | - Carlo Ferrarese
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Technologies, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore, Monza (MI) 48-20052, Italy
- Department of Neurology, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (MI), Italy
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Takano S, Kimura J, Ono T. Inhibition of aggregation of rabbit and human platelets induced by adrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine by KB-R7943, a Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange inhibitor. Br J Pharmacol 2001; 132:1383-8. [PMID: 11264230 PMCID: PMC1572684 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0703928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
1. We investigated the effect of KB-R7943, a Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange inhibitor, on the aggregation response induced by adrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), alone or in combination in human and rabbit platelets in the presence or absence of ouabain. 2. KB-R7943 inhibited aggregation induced by the combination of adrenaline and 5-HT in a concentration-dependent manner. The IC(50) values of KB-R7943 were 4.2+/-2.0 or 3.0+/-0.7 microM with washed rabbit platelets with or without ouabain pretreatment, respectively. 3. In platelet-rich human plasma, the aggregation was biphasic. The IC(50) value of KB-R7943 was 17.2+/-4.4 microM for the first phase aggregation. 4. KB-R7943 did not inhibit the first phase of aggregation induced by adrenaline alone, or the monophasic aggregation induced by 5-HT alone. 5. The aggregation of rabbit platelets depended on the presence of K(+) in the medium, and K(+)-dependent and K(+)-independent Ca(2+) influx were observed in resting platelets. Ouabain treatment increased only the K(+)-dependent but not the K(+)-independent Ca(2+) influx. 6. KB-R7943 inhibited K(+)-dependent Ca(2+) influx with or without ouabain pretreatment, but not K(+)-independent Ca(2+) influx. 7. From these results, we conclude that KB-R7943 inhibits the adrenaline plus 5-HT induced aggregation of rabbit and human platelets by inhibiting K(+)-dependent Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange (NCKX). Our results suggest that NCKX plays an important role in platelet aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Takano
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Hikari-ga-oka 1, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
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Sharif NA, Williams GW, Davis TL. Pharmacology and autoradiography of human DP prostanoid receptors using [(3)H]-BWA868C, a DP receptor-selective antagonist radioligand. Br J Pharmacol 2000; 131:1025-38. [PMID: 11082108 PMCID: PMC1572442 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0703686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2000] [Revised: 07/13/2000] [Accepted: 08/31/2000] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
1. A potent and highly selective DP prostanoid receptor antagonist radioligand, [(3)H]-cyclohexyl-N-BWA868C (3-benzyl-5-(6-carboxyhexyl)-1-(2-cyclohexyl-2-hydroxyethyl-amino) hydantoin, ([(3)H]-BWA868C)), has been generated for receptor binding and autoradiographic studies. 2. Specific [(3)H]-BWA868C binding to human platelet membranes achieved equilibrium within 60 min at 23 degrees C and constituted up to 95% of the total binding. The association (K(+1)) and dissociation (K(-1)) rate constants of binding were 0.758+/-0.064 min(-1), mmol and 0.0042+/-0.0002 min(-1), respectively, yielding dissociation constants (K(D)s) of 5.66+/-0. 44 nM (n=4). 3. Specific [(3)H]-BWA868C bound to DP receptors with a high affinity (K(D)=1.45+/-0.01 nM, n=3) and to a finite, saturable number of binding sites (B(max)=21.1+/-0.6 nmol g(-1) wet weight). 4. DP receptor class prostanoids (e.g. ZK118182, BW245C, BWA868C, PGD(2)) exhibited high (nanomolar) affinities for [(3)H]-BWA868C binding, while prostanoids selective for EP, FP, IP and TP receptors showed a low (micromolar) affinity. 5. Specific DP receptor binding sites were autoradiographically localized on the ciliary epithelium/process, longitudinal and circular ciliary muscles, retinal choroid and iris in human eye sections using [(3)H]-BWA868C. While [(3)H]-PGD(2) yielded similar quantitative distribution of DP receptors as [(3)H]-BWA868C, the level of non-specific binding observed with [(3)H]-PGD(2) was significantly greater than that observed with [(3)H]-BWA868C. 6. It is concluded that [(3)H]-BWA868C is a high-affinity and very specific DP receptor radioligand capable of selectively labelling the DP receptor. [(3)H]-BWA868C may prove useful for future homogenate-based and autoradiographic studies on the DP receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Sharif
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Alcon Research Ltd., 6201 South Freeway, Fort Worth, Texas, TX 76134, USA.
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Köfeler HC, Fauler G, Windischhofer W, Leis HJ. Effect of cytochrome P-450 inhibitors econazole, bifonazole and clotrimazole on prostanoid formation. Br J Pharmacol 2000; 130:1241-6. [PMID: 10903961 PMCID: PMC1572187 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0703427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
1. The present study was carried out to clarify the effect of the imidazole antimycotics econazole, bifonazole and clotrimazole on prostanoid biosynthesis. Osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells stimulated by endothelin-1, melittin, ionomycin or arachidonic acid showed diminished prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production upon pretreatment with econazole. Following pretreatment with bifonazole, stimulation with ionomycin or arachidonic acid also resulted in decreased PGE(2) formation. Clotrimazole inhibited ionomycin but not arachidonic acid stimulated PGE(2) synthesis in MC3T3-E1 cells. 2. The results observed in osteoblast-like UMR-106 cells pretreated with econazole, bifonazole or clotrimazole and stimulated by arachidonic acid were similar with the exception of clotrimazole which was a more effective inhibitor of PGE(2) biosynthesis than in MC3T3-E1 cells. 3. Upon treatment with arachidonic acid thromboxane B(2) (TXB(2)) production in human platelets was abolished completely at concentrations of the three imidazole antimycotics higher than 5 microM (IC(50)<1 microM). 4. These data were confirmed by a direct assay using purified ram seminal vesicle prostaglandin H(2) synthase-1 (PGHS-1), which clearly showed inhibitory properties of econazole (IC(50) 4.7+/-2.3 microM), bifonazole (IC(50) 9.4+/-0.8 microM) and clotrimazole (IC(50) 4.4+/-0.6 microM). 5. Summarizing, these results indicate an inhibitory effect of econazole, bifonazole and clotrimazole on PGHS-1, varying in its potency dependent on the cell system used. In addition TXB(2) formation is affected at doses even lower than those needed to suppress PGE(2) biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Köfeler
- Department of Biochemical Analysis and Mass Spectrometry, Pediatric Hospital, Graz, Austria.
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Park HS, Hourani SMO. Differential effects of adenine nucleotide analogues on shape change and aggregation induced by adnosine 5-diphosphate (ADP) in human platelets. Br J Pharmacol 1999; 127:1359-66. [PMID: 10455285 PMCID: PMC1760660 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0702690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/1999] [Revised: 04/19/1999] [Accepted: 04/28/1999] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) induces human blood platelets to aggregate and change shape, and it has been suggested that these two responses are mediated by more than one subtype of ADP receptor. The structure-activity relationships for several analogues of adenine nucleotides in causing aggregation and shape change were measured and compared in washed platelets using an aggregometer. ADP and its analogues 2-methylthioadenosine 5'-diphosphate (2-methylthio-ADP), adenosine 5'(alpha,beta-methylene)diphosphonate (AMPCP), S(P)-adenosine 5'-O-(1-thiodiphosphate) (AD-P alphaS) and adenosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) (ADPbetaS) were used as agonists. Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and its analogues, P1, P5-diadenosine pentaphosphate (ApsA), adenosine (5'-(alpha,beta-methylene)triphosphonate (AMPCPP), 2-methylthioadenosine 5'-triphosphate (2-methylthio-ATP) and uridine 5'-triphosphate (UTP), as well as the trypanocidal drug suramin, were used as antagonists. In general, the structure-activity relationships for both responses were similar, but for some analogues differences were observed. ADPalphaS and ADPbetaS were much more potent agonists relative to ADP for shape change than for aggregation and indeed ADPalphaS antagonized ADP-induced aggregation with an apparent pK(B) value of 5.5+/-0.1. 2-Methylthio-ATP also had different effects in aggregation and shape change, being a much higher affinity antagonist of aggregation than of shape change with an apparent pK(B) value of 7.0+/-0.2 for aggregation and 5.2+/-0.2 for shape change. These results support the suggestion that these two responses are mediated by multiple ADP receptors on human platelets, and are consistent with shape change being mediated via one receptor (the P2Y1 receptor) with aggregation requiring the activation of two receptors (the P2Y1 and another P2Y receptor).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Seong Park
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5XH
| | - Susanna M O Hourani
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5XH
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Abstract
AIMS The purpose of this study was to determine whether human platelet alpha2-adrenoceptors were altered in essential hypertension. A systematic analysis was carried out on 165 normotensives and 124 untreated primary hypertensives. METHODS The study was performed at different levels: i) density and affinity of platelet alpha2-adrenoceptors were determined by receptor binding assays using the full alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist [3H]-UK 14304 and a thermodynamic analysis of data was carried out to evaluate if binding mechanisms at the molecular level were altered during hypertension; ii) the functionality of Gi proteins coupled to alpha2-adrenoceptors and iii) forskolin-stimulated cAMP levels were measured. RESULTS Platelet alpha2-adrenoceptors mean density (Bmax) and affinity (Kd) (+/-s.e.mean) were significantly lower and higher, respectively, in normotensive than in hypertensive subjects [Bmax=327+/-4 vs 435+/-5 fmol mg(-1) of protein (P<0.01) and Kd=3.76+/-10.05 vs 6.50+/-0.15 nM (P<0.01), respectively]. The 50% stimulating concentration of adrenaline on [35S]-GTPgammaS binding to Gi proteins was significantly (P<0.01) lower in normotensives (12+/-2 nM) than in hypertensives (110+/-10 nM). The 50% inhibiting concentration of adrenaline on forskolin-stimulated cAMP levels was significantly (P<0.01) lower in normotensive (22+/-2 nM) than in hypertensive subjects (200+/-25 nM). CONCLUSIONS Present analysis, including receptorial and functional data, provides evidence that marked alterations occur in platelet alpha2-adrenoceptors of hypertensive subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Varani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Italy
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31
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Miralpeix M, Camacho M, López-Belmonte J, Canalías F, Beleta J, Palacios JM, Vila L. Selective induction of cyclo-oxygenase-2 activity in the permanent human endothelial cell line HUV-EC-C: biochemical and pharmacological characterization. Br J Pharmacol 1997; 121:171-80. [PMID: 9154324 PMCID: PMC1564672 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0701112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
1. Cyclo-oxygenase (COX), the enzyme responsible for the conversion of arachidonic acid (AA) to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), exists in two forms, termed COX-1 and COX-2 which are encoded by different genes. COX-1 is expressed constitutively and is known to be the site of action of aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. COX-2 may be induced by a series of pro-inflammatory stimuli and its role in the development of inflammation has been claimed. 2. Endothelial cells are an important physiological source of prostanoids and the selective induction of COX-2 activity has been described for finite cultures of endothelial cells, but not for permanent endothelial cell lines. 3. The HUV-EC-C line is a permanent endothelial cell line of human origin. We have determined the COX activity of these cells under basal conditions and after its exposure to two different stimuli, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta). 4. Both PMA and IL-1 beta produced dose- and time-dependent increases of the synthesis of the COX-derived eicosanoids. These increases were maximal after the treatment with 10 nM PMA for 6 to 9 h. Under these conditions, the main eicosanoid produced by the cells was PGE2. 5. The increase of COX activity by PMA or IL-1 beta correlated with an increase of the enzyme's apparent Vmax, whilst the affinity for the substrate, measured as apparent Km, remained unaffected. 6. Treatment of the cells with PMA induced a time-dependent increase in the expression of both COX-1 and COX-2 mRNAs. Nevertheless, this increase was reflected only as an increase of the COX-2 isoenzyme at the protein level. 7. The enzymatic activity of the PMA-induced COX was measured in the presence of a panel of enzyme inhibitors, and the IC50 values obtained were compared with those obtained for the inhibition of human platelet COX activity, a COX-1 selective assay. Classical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibited both enzymes with varying potencies but only the three compounds previously shown to be selective COX-2 inhibitors (SC-58125, NS-398 and nimesulide) showed higher potency towards the COX of PMA-treated HUV-EC-C. 8. Overall, it appears that the stimulation of the HUV-EC-C line with PMA selectively induces the COX-2 isoenzyme. This appears to be a suitable model for the study of the physiology and pharmacology of this important isoenzyme, with a permanent endothelial cell line of human origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Miralpeix
- Laboratory of Inflammation Mediators, Santa Creu i Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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Panara MR, Greco A, Santini G, Sciulli MG, Rotondo MT, Padovano R, di Giamberardino M, Cipollone F, Cuccurullo F, Patrono C. Effects of the novel anti-inflammatory compounds, N-[2-(cyclohexyloxy)-4-nitrophenyl] methanesulphonamide (NS-398) and 5-methanesulphonamido-6-(2,4-difluorothio-phenyl)-1-inda none (L-745,337), on the cyclo-oxygenase activity of human blood prostaglandin endoperoxide synthases. Br J Pharmacol 1995; 116:2429-34. [PMID: 8581280 PMCID: PMC1909061 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1995.tb15091.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
1. We have evaluated the selectivity of ketoprofen and two novel nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, N-[2-(cyclohexyloxy)-4-nitrophenyl]methanesulphonamide (NS-398) and 5-methanesulphonamido-6-(2,4-difluorothiophenyl)-1-indano ne (L-745,337), in inhibiting the cyclo-oxygenase activity of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2 (PGHS-2) vs PGHS-1 in human blood monocytes and platelets, respectively. 2. Heparinized whole blood samples were drawn from healthy volunteers pretreated with aspirin, 300 mg 48 h before sampling, to suppress the activity of platelet PGHS-1 and incubated at 37 degrees C for 24 h with increasing concentrations of the test compounds in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 micrograms ml-1). Immunoreactive PGE2 levels were measured in plasma by a specific radioimmunoassay as an index of the cyclo-oxygenase activity of LPS-induced monocyte PGHS-2. 3. The effects of the same inhibitors on platelet PGHS-1 activity were assessed by allowing whole blood samples, drawn from the same subjects in aspirin-free periods, to clot at 37 degrees C for 1 h in the presence of the compounds and measuring immunoreactive thromboxane B2 (TXB2) levels in serum by a specific radioimmunoassay. 4. Under these experimental conditions, ketoprofen enantioselectively inhibited the cyclo-oxygenase activity of both PGHS-1 and PGHS-2 with equal potency (IC50 ratio: approx. 0.5 for both enantiomers), while L-745,337 and NS-398 achieved selective inhibition of monocyte PGHS-2 (IC50 ratio: > 150). L-745,337 and NS-398 did not affect LPS-induced monocyte PGHS-2 biosynthesis to any detectable extent. 5. We conclude that L-745,337 and NS-398 are selective inhibitors of the cyclo-oxygenase activity of human monocyte PGHS-2. These compounds may provide adequate tools to test the contribution of this novel pathway of arachidonate metabolism to human inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Panara
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio School of Medicine, Italy
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