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Lou H, Lin R, Li Y, Zhao Y, Jiao P, Luo T, Liu W. [Eukaryotic expression of GP5 and M protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and immunogenicity evaluation]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2023; 39:4809-4823. [PMID: 38147983 DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.230188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the prevalence and evolution of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in China and to develop subunit vaccine against the epidemic lineage, the genetic evolution analysis of PRRSV strains isolated in China from 2001 to 2021 was performed. The representative strains of the dominant epidemic lineage were selected to optimize the membrane protein GP5 and M nucleotide sequences, which were used, with the interferon and the Fc region of immunoglobulin, to construct the eukaryotic expression plasmids pCDNA3.4-IFNα-GP5-Fc and pCDNA3.4-IFNα-M-Fc. Subsequently, the recombinant proteins IFNα-GP5-Fc and IFNα-M-Fc were expressed by HEK293T eukaryotic expression system. The two recombinant proteins were mixed with ISA206VG adjuvant to immunize weaned piglets. The humoral immunity level was evaluated by ELISA and neutralization test, and the cellular immunity level was detected by ELISPOT test. The results showed that the NADC30-like lineage was the main epidemic lineage in China in recent years, and the combination of IFNα-GP5-Fc and IFNα-M-Fc could induce high levels of antibody and cellular immunity in piglets. This study may facilitate the preparation of a safer and more effective new PRRSV subunit vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huicong Lou
- Animal Science and Technology College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Runshan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yabo Li
- Animal Science and Technology College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yuna Zhao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Pengtao Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tingrong Luo
- Animal Science and Technology College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Liu J, Jaijyan DK, Chen Y, Feng C, Yang S, Xu Z, Zhan N, Hong C, Li S, Cheng T, Zhu H. Cytomegalovirus-vectored COVID-19 vaccines elicit neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (BA.2) in mice. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0246323. [PMID: 37971259 PMCID: PMC10883801 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02463-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Cytomegalovirus (CMV) has been used as a novel viral vector for vaccine development and gene therapy. Coronavirus disease 2019 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is highly mutable and is still circulating globally. The study showed that the CMV viral vector caused transient systemic infection and induced robust transgene expression in vivo. CMV vectors expressing different SARS-CoV-2 proteins were immunogenic and could elicit neutralizing antibodies against a highly mutated Omicron variant (BA.2). The expression level of receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein was higher than that of full-length S protein using CMV as a vaccine vector, and CMV vector expression RBD protein elicited higher RBD-binding and neutralizing antibodies. Moreover, the study showed that CMV-vectored vaccines would not cause unexpected viral transmission, and pre-existing immunity might impair the immunogenicity of subsequent CMV-vectored vaccines. These works provide meaningful insights for the development of a CMV-based vector vaccine platform and the prevention and control strategies for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University , Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Dabbu Kumar Jaijyan
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School , Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Yanling Chen
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University , Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Changcan Feng
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University , Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shaomin Yang
- Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory for Pain Medicine, Department of Pain Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital , Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenglong Xu
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University , Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Nichun Zhan
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University , Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Congming Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shuxuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Tong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School , Newark, New Jersey, USA
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Zhang H, Zhao S, Zhang H, Shen Y, Zhang P, Shan H, Cai X. Orally administered recombinant Lactobacillus expressing African swine fever virus antigens that induced immunity responses. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1103327. [PMID: 36699597 PMCID: PMC9869048 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1103327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious, acute, febrile disease caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV), with morbidity and mortality rates approaching 100% in domestic and wild swine, resulting in massive economic losses to the pig industry worldwide. This study aimed to express the p30, p54, and p72 proteins encoded by ASFV in vitro using the Lactobacillus lactis (L. lactis) expression system. Here, six new functional recombinant L. lactis were constructed, and the expression of the p30 protein, p54 protein, p72 protein, p30-LTB (heat-labile enterotoxin B, LTB) fusion protein, p54-LTB fusion protein, and the p72-LTB fusion protein was successfully detected by Western blot analysis. Following oral immunization of rabbits with recombinant L. lactis, serum IgG, intestinal mucosal sIgA, cytokines (IL-4 and INF-γ), and splenocyte viability were higher than in the control group via ELISA. Notably, without the LTB adjuvant group, humoral and Th1 cellular immunity were promoted, whereas, with the LTB adjuvant group, local mucosal immunity, humoral immunity, and Th2 cellular immunity were promoted, providing new insights into the design and development of an ASFV subunit vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Saisai Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China,College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Haojie Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Peijun Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hu Shan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China,*Correspondence: Hu Shan, ✉
| | - Xiulei Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China,Xiulei Cai, ✉
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Zhang Y, Pan Q, Guo R, Liu A, Xu Z, Gao Y, Cui H, Liu C, Qi X, Zhang Y, Li K, Gao L, Wang X. Immunogenicity of Novel Live Vaccine Based on an Artificial rHN20 Strain against Emerging Fowl Adenovirus 4. Viruses 2021; 13:2153. [PMID: 34834960 DOI: 10.3390/v13112153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS), caused by novel fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4), has caused serious economic losses to the poultry industry. Vaccines are important for preventing and controlling HHS. Current FAdV-4 vaccine research and development are mainly focuses on inactivated vaccines and relatively fewer live vaccines. We previously demonstrated that the hexon gene is the key gene responsible for the high pathogenicity of FAdV-4 and constructed a non-pathogenic chimeric virus rHN20 strain based on the emerging FAdV-4. In this study, the immunogenicity of artificially rescued rHN20 was evaluated in chickens using different routes and doses as a live vaccine. The live rHN20 vaccine induced high titers of neutralizing antibodies against FAdV-4 and fully protected the immunized chickens against a lethal dose of FAdV-4. Furthermore, immunized chickens showed no clinical symptoms or histopathological changes in the FAdV-4-targeted liver, and the viral load in the tissues of immunized chickens was significantly lower than that of chickens in the challenge control group. Collectively, the live rHN20 vaccine effectively protected our sample against FAdV-4 infection and can be considered a live vaccine candidate for preventing HHS in the poultry industry.
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Abstract
The evaluation of the immunogenicity of Sabin strain based Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccines (sIPV) necessitates the use of wild strains in neutralization assays to assess the potential cross-reactivity of antibodies. The live virus strains including wild and Sabin strains must be handled in level 3 biocontainment laboratories. To develop an alternative assay without the use of a live virus, we constructed Mahoney, MEF-1, and Saukett pseudovirions by inserting luciferase reporter genes into intact capsid proteins. Afterward, we developed a pseudovirus-based neutralization test (pNT) and evaluated for the specificity and reproducibility. We tested serum samples from a clinical trial on sIPV vaccines by pNT and compared the results with those obtained from conventional neutralization tests (cNT). A strong correlation was observed between two methods, with the correlation coefficients of all three types of IPV vaccines being greater than 0.82 (p < 0.0001). The Geometric Mean Titer (GMT) values obtained by pNT were approximately four times higher than that by cNT, revealing the better sensitivity of pNT. In conclusion, pNT is a safe, rapid and sensitive quantitative assay with the potential of being an alternative for the evaluation of the potency of polio vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Jiang
- a National Institutes for Food and Drug Control and WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals , Beijing , China
| | - Guixiu Liu
- a National Institutes for Food and Drug Control and WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals , Beijing , China
| | - Liao Guo-Yang
- b Institute of Medical Biology , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Kunming , Yunnan , China
| | - Mingbo Sun
- b Institute of Medical Biology , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Kunming , Yunnan , China
| | - Kangwei Xu
- a National Institutes for Food and Drug Control and WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals , Beijing , China
| | - Zhifang Ying
- a National Institutes for Food and Drug Control and WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals , Beijing , China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- a National Institutes for Food and Drug Control and WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals , Beijing , China
| | - Xuguang Li
- c Center for Biologics Evaluation, Biologics and Genetic Therapies Directorate , Health Canada and WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Changgui Li
- a National Institutes for Food and Drug Control and WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals , Beijing , China
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Niu Y, Liu Y, Yang L, Qu H, Zhao J, Hu R, Li J, Liu W. Immunogenicity of multi-epitope-based vaccine candidates administered with the adjuvant Gp96 against rabies. Virol Sin 2016; 31:168-75. [PMID: 27068655 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-016-3734-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabies, a zoonotic disease, causes > 55,000 human deaths globally and results in at least 500 million dollars in losses every year. The currently available rabies vaccines are mainly inactivated and attenuated vaccines, which have been linked with clinical diseases in animals. Thus, a rabies vaccine with high safety and efficacy is urgently needed. Peptide vaccines are known for their low cost, simple production procedures and high safety. Therefore, in this study, we examined the efficacy of multi-epitope-based vaccine candidates against rabies virus. The ability of various peptides to induce epitope-specific responses was examined, and the two peptides that possessed the highest antigenicity and conservation, i.e., AR16 and hPAB, were coated with adjuvant canine-Gp96 and used to prepare vaccines. The peptides were prepared as an emulsion of oil in water (O/W) to create three batches of bivalent vaccine products. The vaccine candidates possessed high safety. Virus neutralizing antibodies were detected on the day 14 after the first immunization in mice and beagles, reaching 5-6 IU/mL in mice and 7-9 IU/mL in beagles by day 28. The protective efficacy of the vaccine candidates was about 70%-80% in mice challenged by a virulent strain of rabies virus. Thus, a novel multi-epitope-based rabies vaccine with Gp96 as an adjuvant was developed and validated in mice and dogs. Our results suggest that synthetic peptides hold promise for the development of novel vaccines against rabies.
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