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Xue S, Tang H, Shen M, Liang X, Li X, Xing W, Yang C, Yu Z. Establishing Multiple-Order Built-In Electric Fields Within Heterojunctions to Achieve Photocarrier Spatial Separation. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2311937. [PMID: 38191131 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Hybridizing two heterocomponents to construct a built-in electric field (BIEF) at the interface represents a significant strategy for facilitating charge separation in carbon dioxide (CO2)-photoreduction. However, the unidirectional nature of BIEFs formed by various low-dimensional materials poses challenges in adequately segregating the photogenerated carriers produced in bulk. In this study, leveraging zinc oxide (ZnO) nanodisks, a sulfurization reaction is employed to fabricate Z-scheme ZnO/zinc sulfide (ZnS) heterojunctions featuring a multiple-order BIEF. These heterojunctions reveal distinctive interfacial structures characterized by two semicoherent phase boundaries. The cathodoluminescence 2D maps and density functional theory calculation results demonstrate that the direction of the multiple-order BIEF spans from ZnS to ZnO. This directional alignment significantly fosters the spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes within ZnS nanoparticles and enhances CO2-to-carbon monoxide photoreduction performance (3811.7 µmol h-1 g-1). The findings present a novel pathway for structurally designing BIEFs within heterojunctions, while providing fresh insights into the migratory behavior of photogenerated carriers across interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sikang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Chemical Engineering of China, College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Quanzhou, 362114, P. R. China
| | - Hao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Min Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xiaocong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Wandong Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Can Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
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Braun L, Uhlig M, Löhmann O, Campbell RA, Schneck E, von Klitzing R. Insights into Extended Structures and Their Driving Force: Influence of Salt on Polyelectrolyte/Surfactant Mixtures at the Air/Water Interface. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:27347-27359. [PMID: 35639454 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper addresses the effect of polyelectrolyte stiffness on the surface structure of polyelectrolyte (P)/surfactant (S) mixtures. Therefore, two different anionic Ps with different intrinsic persistence length lP are studied while varying the salt concentration (0-10-2 M). Either monosulfonated polyphenylene sulfone (sPSO2-220, lP ∼20 nm) or sodium poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS, lP ∼1 nm) is mixed with the cationic surfactant tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (C14TAB) well below its critical micelle concentration and studied with tensiometry and neutron reflectivity experiments. We kept the S concentration (10-4 M) constant, while we varied the P concentration (10-5-10-3 M of the monomer, denoted as monoM). P and S adsorb at the air/water interface for all studied mixtures. Around the bulk stoichiometric mixing point (BSMP), PSS/C14TAB mixtures lose their surface activity, whereas sPSO2-220/C14TAB mixtures form extended structures perpendicular to the surface (meaning a layer of S with attached P and additional layers of P and S underneath instead of only a monolayer of S with P). Considering the different P monomer structures as well as the impact of salt, we identified the driving force for the formation of these extended structures: compensation of all interfacial charges (P/S ratio ∼1) to maximize the gain of entropy. By increasing the flexibility of P, we can tune the interfacial structures from extended structures to monolayers. These findings may help improve applications based on the adsorption of P/S mixtures in the fields of cosmetic or oil recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Braun
- Soft Matter at Interfaces, Department of Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 8, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Martin Uhlig
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Löhmann
- Soft Matter at Interfaces, Department of Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 8, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Emanuel Schneck
- Soft Matter Biophysics, Department of Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 8, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Regine von Klitzing
- Soft Matter at Interfaces, Department of Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 8, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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Zhang H, Sun H, Shen K, Hu J, Hu J, Jiang Z, Song F. Recent Progress with In Situ Characterization of Interfacial Structures under a Solid-Gas Atmosphere by HP-STM and AP-XPS. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12223674. [PMID: 31703436 PMCID: PMC6888168 DOI: 10.3390/ma12223674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
: Surface science is an interdisciplinary field involving various subjects such as physics, chemistry, materials, biology and so on, and it plays an increasingly momentous role in both fundamental research and industrial applications. Despite the encouraging progress in characterizing surface/interface nanostructures with atomic and orbital precision under ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) conditions, investigating in situ reactions/processes occurring at the surface/interface under operando conditions becomes a crucial challenge in the field of surface catalysis and surface electrochemistry. Promoted by such pressing demands, high-pressure scanning tunneling microscopy (HP-STM) and ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AP-XPS), for example, have been designed to conduct measurements under operando conditions on the basis of conventional scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and photoemission spectroscopy, which are proving to become powerful techniques to study various heterogeneous catalytic reactions on the surface. This report reviews the development of HP-STM and AP-XPS facilities and the application of HP-STM and AP-XPS on fine investigations of heterogeneous catalytic reactions via evolutions of both surface morphology and electronic structures, including dehydrogenation, CO oxidation on metal-based substrates, and so on. In the end, a perspective is also given regarding the combination of in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and STM towards the identification of the structure-performance relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China; (H.Z.); (H.S.); (K.S.); (J.H.); (J.H.); (Z.J.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101000, China
| | - Haoliang Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China; (H.Z.); (H.S.); (K.S.); (J.H.); (J.H.); (Z.J.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101000, China
| | - Kongchao Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China; (H.Z.); (H.S.); (K.S.); (J.H.); (J.H.); (Z.J.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101000, China
| | - Jinping Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China; (H.Z.); (H.S.); (K.S.); (J.H.); (J.H.); (Z.J.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101000, China
| | - Jinbang Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China; (H.Z.); (H.S.); (K.S.); (J.H.); (J.H.); (Z.J.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101000, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China; (H.Z.); (H.S.); (K.S.); (J.H.); (J.H.); (Z.J.)
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Fei Song
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China; (H.Z.); (H.S.); (K.S.); (J.H.); (J.H.); (Z.J.)
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
- Correspondence:
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Gao ZW, Ma T, Chen XM, Liu H, Cui L, Qiao SZ, Yang J, Du XW. Strongly Coupled CoO Nanoclusters/CoFe LDHs Hybrid as a Synergistic Catalyst for Electrochemical Water Oxidation. Small 2018; 14:e1800195. [PMID: 29577621 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201800195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Exploiting high-performance, robust, and cost-effective electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial for electrochemical energy storage and conversion technologies. Engineering the interfacial structure of hybrid catalysts often induces synergistically enhanced electrocatalytic performance. Herein, a new strongly coupled heterogeneous catalyst with proper interfacial structures, i.e., CoO nanoclusters decorated on CoFe layered double hydroxides (LDHs) nanosheets, is prepared via a simple one-step pulsed laser ablation in liquid method. Thorough spectroscopic characterizations reveal that strong chemical couplings at the hybrid interface trigger charge transfer from CoII in the oxide to FeIII in the LDHs through the interfacial FeOCo bond, leading to considerable amounts of high oxidation state CoIII sites present in the hybrid. Interestingly, the CoO/CoFe LDHs exhibit pronounced synergistic effects in electrocatalytic water oxidation, with substantially enhanced intrinsic catalytic activity and stability relative to both components. The hybrid catalyst achieves remarkably low OER overpotential and Tafel slope in alkaline medium, outperforming that of Ru/C and manifesting itself among the most active Co-based OER catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wen Gao
- Institute of New-Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Tian Ma
- Institute of New-Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xue-Min Chen
- College of Science, Hebei University of Science & Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Institute of New-Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Lan Cui
- Institute of New-Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Shi-Zhang Qiao
- Institute of New-Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Jing Yang
- Institute of New-Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xi-Wen Du
- Institute of New-Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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Wang YL, Golets M, Li B, Sarman S, Laaksonen A. Interfacial Structures of Trihexyltetradecylphosphonium-bis(mandelato)borate Ionic Liquid Confined between Gold Electrodes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:4976-4987. [PMID: 28099800 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b14429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to study microscopic the interfacial ionic structures, molecular arrangements, and orientational preferences of trihexyltetradecylphosphonium-bis(mandelato)borate ([P6,6,6,14][BMB]) ionic liquid confined between neutral and charged gold electrodes. It was found that both [P6,6,6,14] cations and [BMB] anions are coabsorbed onto neutral electrodes at different temperatures. The hexyl and tetradecyl chains in [P6,6,6,14] cations lie preferentially flat on neutral electrodes. The oxalato and phenyl rings in [BMB] anions are characterized by alternative parallel-perpendicular orientations in the mixed innermost ionic layer adjacent to neutral electrodes. An increase in temperature has a marginal effect on the interfacial ionic structures and molecular orientations of [P6,6,6,14][BMB] ionic species in a confined environment. Electrifying gold electrodes leads to peculiar changes in the interfacial ionic structures and molecular orientational arrangements of [P6,6,6,14] cations and [BMB] anions in negatively and positively charged gold electrodes, respectively. As surface charge density increases (but lower than 20 μC/cm2), the layer thickness of the mixed innermost interfacial layer gradually increases due to a consecutive accumulation of [P6,6,6,14] cations and [BMB] anions at negatively and positively charged electrodes, respectively, before the formation of distinct cationic and anionic innermost layers. Meanwhile, the molecular orientations of two oxalato rings in the same [BMB] anions change gradually from a parallel-perpendicular feature to being partially characterized by a tilted arrangement at an angle of 45° from the electrodes and finally to a dominant parallel coordination pattern along positively charged electrodes. Distinctive interfacial distribution patterns are also observed accordingly for phenyl rings that are directly connected to neighboring oxalato rings in [BMB] anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Lei Wang
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikhail Golets
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bin Li
- Theoretical Chemistry, Chemical Center, Lund University , P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sten Sarman
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aatto Laaksonen
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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