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Peng M, Li Z, Niu D, Liu X, Dong Z, Li J. Complement factor B/C2 in molluscs regulates agglutination and illuminates evolution of the Bf/C2 family. FASEB J 2019; 33:13323-13333. [PMID: 31550175 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901142rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Complement factor B/C2 family (Bf/C2F) proteins are core complement system components in vertebrates that are absent in invertebrates and have been lost by numerous species, raising evolutionary questions. At least 3 duplication events have occurred from Cnidaria (ancestor) to mammals. Type II Bf/C2 genes appeared during separation of Proterostomia and Deuterostomes. The second event occurred during separation of vertebrates and invertebrates, yielding type II-2 Bf/C2. The third event occurred when jawed and jawless fish were separated, eventually producing Bf and C2 genes. Herein, we report the second mollusc Sinonovacula constricta Bf/C2-type gene (ScBf). ScBf is similar to Ruditapes decussatus Bf-like because both lack the first complement control protein module at the N terminus present in mammalian Bf/C2 proteins. Uniquely, the Ser protease (SP) module at the C terminus of ScBf is ∼50 aa longer than in other complement factor B/C2-type (Bf/C2T) proteins, and is Glu-rich. Bf/C2T proteins in molluscs lack the catalytic Ser in the SP module. Surprisingly, ScBf regulates rabbit erythrocyte agglutination, during which it is localized on the erythrocyte surface. Thus, ScBf may mediate the agglutination cascade and may be an upstream regulator of this process. Our findings provide new insight into the origin of the Bf/C2F.-Peng, M., Li, Z., Niu, D., Liu, X., Dong, Z., Li, J. Complement factor B/C2 in molluscs regulates agglutination and illuminates evolution of the Bf/C2 family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoxiao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Donghong Niu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Co-Innovation Centre of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China; and
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiguo Dong
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Co-Innovation Centre of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China; and
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Co-Innovation Centre of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China; and
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