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Daniele V, Volpe AR, Cesare P, Taglieri G. MgO Nanoparticles Obtained from an Innovative and Sustainable Route and Their Applications in Cancer Therapy. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2975. [PMID: 37999329 PMCID: PMC10675311 DOI: 10.3390/nano13222975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
This paper aimed to evaluate the biological damages towards diseased cells caused by the use of MgO nanoparticles (NPs). The NPs are produced by a calcination process of a precursor, which is an aqueous suspension of nanostructured Mg(OH)2, in turn synthesized following our original, time-energy saving and scalable method able to guarantee short times, high yield of production (up to almost 10 kg/week of NPs), low environmental impact and low energy demand. The MgO NPs, in the form of dry powders, are organized as a network of intercrystallite channels, in turn constituted by monodispersed and roughly spherical NPs < 10 nm, preserving the original pseudo hexagonal-platelet morphology of the precursor. The produced MgO powders are diluted in a PBS solution to obtain different MgO suspension concentrations that are subsequently put in contact, for 3 days, with melanoma and healthy cells. The viable count, made at 24, 48 and 72 h from the beginning of the test, reveals a good cytotoxic activity of the NPs, already at low MgO concentrations. This is particularly marked after 72 h, showing a clear reduction in cellular proliferation in a MgO-concentration-dependent manner. Finally, the results obtained on human skin fibroblasts revealed that the use MgO NPs did not alter at all both the vitality and proliferation of healthy cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Daniele
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, Piazzale E. Pontieri 1, Monteluco di Roio, Roio Poggio, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Volpe
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Edificio Renato Ricamo, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.R.V.); (P.C.)
| | - Patrizia Cesare
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Edificio Renato Ricamo, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.R.V.); (P.C.)
| | - Giuliana Taglieri
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, Piazzale E. Pontieri 1, Monteluco di Roio, Roio Poggio, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
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Taglieri G, Daniele V, Maurizio V, Merlin G, Siligardi C, Capron M, Mondelli C. New Eco-Friendly and Low-Energy Synthesis to Produce ZnO Nanoparticles for Real-World Scale Applications. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2458. [PMID: 37686967 PMCID: PMC10490244 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents an original and sustainable method for producing ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) in response to global challenges (low energy requirements, low environmental impact, short production times, and high production yield). The method is based on an ion exchange process between an anionic resin and an aqueous ZnCl2 solution; it operates in one step at room temperature/ambient pressure without the need for complex apparatus or purification steps. From the kinetics, we observed the formation of pure simonkolleite, a zinc-layered hydroxide salt (Zn5(OH)8Cl2·H2O), after only 5 min of reaction. This compound, used elsewhere as a ZnO precursor after calcination at high temperatures, here decomposes at room temperature into ZnO, allowing extraordinary savings of time and energy. Finally, in only 90 min, pure and crystalline ZnO NPs are obtained, with a production yield > 99%. Several types of aggregates resulting from the self-assembly of small hexagonal platelets (solid or hollow in shape) were observed. Using our revolutionary method, we produced almost 10 kg of ZnO NPs per week without any toxic waste, significantly reducing energy consumption; this method allows transferring the use of these unique NPs from the laboratory environment to the real world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Taglieri
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, Piazzale E. Pontieri 1, Monteluco di Roio, Roio Poggio, 67100 L’Aquila, AQ, Italy;
| | - Valeria Daniele
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, Piazzale E. Pontieri 1, Monteluco di Roio, Roio Poggio, 67100 L’Aquila, AQ, Italy;
| | - Valentina Maurizio
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, Piazzale E. Pontieri 1, Monteluco di Roio, Roio Poggio, 67100 L’Aquila, AQ, Italy;
| | - Gabriel Merlin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, PD, Italy;
| | - Cristina Siligardi
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via P. Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, MO, Italy;
| | - Marie Capron
- ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble, CEDEX 9, France;
- Paternship for Soft Condensed Matter PSCM, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble, CEDEX 9, France
| | - Claudia Mondelli
- CNR-IOM-OGG, Institut Laue Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble, CEDEX 9, France;
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Lim YJ, Lee SM, Wang R, Lee J. Emerging Materials to Prepare Mixed Matrix Membranes for Pollutant Removal in Water. Membranes (Basel) 2021; 11:508. [PMID: 34357158 PMCID: PMC8304803 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11070508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Various pollutants of different sizes are directly (e.g., water-borne diseases) and indirectly (e.g., accumulation via trophic transfer) threatening our water health and safety. To cope with this matter, multifaceted approaches are required for advanced wastewater treatment more efficiently. Wastewater treatment using mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) could provide an excellent alternative since it could play two roles in pollutant removal by covering adsorption and size exclusion of water contaminants simultaneously. This paper provides an overview of the research progresses and trends on the emerging materials used to prepare MMMs for pollutant removal from water in the recent five years. The transition of the research trend was investigated, and the most preferred materials to prepare MMMs were weighed up based on the research trend. Various application examples where each emerging material was used have been introduced along with specific mechanisms underlying how the better performance was realized. Lastly, the perspective section addresses how to further improve the removal efficiency of pollutants in an aqueous phase, where we could find a niche to spot new materials to develop environmentally friendly MMMs, and where we could further apply MMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jie Lim
- Singapore Membrane Technology Center, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore;
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme, Graduate College, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - So Min Lee
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Korea;
| | - Rong Wang
- Singapore Membrane Technology Center, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore;
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Jaewoo Lee
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Korea;
- Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Korea
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Macera L, Daniele V, Mondelli C, Capron M, Taglieri G. New Sustainable, Scalable and One-Step Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by Ion Exchange Process. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:nano11030798. [PMID: 33804704 PMCID: PMC8004010 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work introduces an innovative, sustainable, and scalable synthesis of iron oxides nanoparticles (NPs) in aqueous suspension. The method, based on ion exchange process, consists of a one-step procedure, time and energy saving, operating in water and at room temperature, by cheap and renewable reagents. The influence of both oxidation state of the initial reagent and reaction atmosphere is considered. Three kinds of iron nanostructured compounds are obtained (2-lines ferrihydrite; layered-structure iron oxyhydroxide δ-FeOOH; and cubic magnetite), in turn used as precursors to obtain hematite and maghemite NPs. All the produced NPs are characterized by a high purity, small particles dimensions (from 2 to 50 nm), and high specific surface area values up to 420 m2/g, with yields of production >90%. In particular, among the most common iron oxide NPs, we obtained cubic magnetite NPs at room temperature, characterized by particle dimensions of about 6 nm and a surface area of 170 m2/g. We also obtained hematite NPs at very low temperature conditions (that is 2 h at 200 °C), characterized by particles dimensions of about 5 nm with a surface area value of 200 m2/g. The obtained results underline the strength of the synthetic method to provide a new, sustainable, tunable, and scalable high-quality production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovico Macera
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, Piazzale E. Pontieri 1, Monteluco di Roio, I-67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.M.); (G.T.)
| | - Valeria Daniele
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, Piazzale E. Pontieri 1, Monteluco di Roio, I-67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.M.); (G.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Claudia Mondelli
- CNR-IOM-OGG, Institut Laue Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CEDEX 9, 38042 Grenoble, France;
| | - Marie Capron
- ESRF—The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CEDEX 9, 38042 Grenoble, France;
- Partnership for Soft Condensed Matter (PSCM), ESRF—The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CEDEX 9, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Giuliana Taglieri
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, Piazzale E. Pontieri 1, Monteluco di Roio, I-67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.M.); (G.T.)
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