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Zhang J, Meng S, Wang H, Zhang C, Sun Z, Huang L, Miao Z. Comparison of Growth Performance, Carcass Properties, Fatty Acid Profile, and Genes Involved in Fat Metabolism in Nanyang and Landrace Pigs. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:186. [PMID: 38397176 PMCID: PMC10888446 DOI: 10.3390/genes15020186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study compared the growth, carcass properties, fatty acid profile, lipid-producing enzyme activity, and expression pattern of genes involved in fat metabolism in Nanyang and Landrace pigs. In the study, 32 Nanyang (22.16 ± 0.59 kg) and 32 Landrace barrows (21.37 ± 0.57 kg) were selected and divided into two groups, each with eight pens and four pigs per pen. The trial period lasted 90 days. The findings showed that the Nanyang pigs had lower average daily weight gain and lean percentage and higher average backfat thickness and lipogenic enzyme activities, including for acetyl-CoA carboxylase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, and fatty acid synthase, than the Landrace pigs. A total of 14 long-chain fatty acids were detected using HPLC-MS, in which it was found that the levels of C14:0, C18:1n-9, C20:1n-9, C20:4n-6, and MUFA were up-regulated and C18:2n-6, C18:3n-3, PUFA n6, n3/n6, and total PUFA were down-regulated in the Nanyang pigs. Moreover, the mRNA levels for genes involved in fat metabolism, ME1, FAS, and LPL, were higher and the expression of SREBP1 mRNA was lower in the Nanyang pigs. Our results suggest genetic differences between the pig breeds in terms of growth, carcass traits, lipogenic enzyme activities, fatty acid profile, and the mRNA expression of genes involved in fat metabolism in subcutaneous fat tissue, which may provide a basis for high-quality pork production. Further studies are needed to investigate the regulation of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhiguo Miao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, No. 90, East Section of Hualan Avenue, Xinxiang 453003, China; (J.Z.); (S.M.); (H.W.); (C.Z.); (Z.S.); (L.H.)
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Yan Q, Tang S, Zhou C, Han X, Tan Z. Effects of Free Fatty Acids with Different Chain Lengths and Degrees of Saturability on the Milk Fat Synthesis in Primary Cultured Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:8485-8492. [PMID: 31304752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
How short-chain fatty acids (FAs) affect cell membrane morphology and milk fat biosynthesis in mammary epithelial cells (MECs) is yet unclear. This study investigated the primary bovine MEC response to different FAs. We observed that the cell surface ultrastructures were influenced by chain length and degree of saturability of FAs. The CD36, FATP1, and FABP3 gene expression was affected independent of the type of FA. FASN, LPIN1, PPARα, and PPARγ transcripts were more sensitive to the short-chain FAs (acetic and β-hydroxybutyric acids). Furthermore, short-chain FAs inclined to regulate FA degradation-, elongation-, and metabolism-associated pathways, while long-chain FAs (stearic and trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linolenic acids) modulated extracellular matrix-receptor interaction-, transcriptional misregulation-, microRNA-, and ribosome biogenesis-related pathways. However, triacylglycerol accumulation in the cytoplasm was not changed by all of the FAs. Overall, FAs with different chain lengths and degrees of saturability could differentially alter primary bovine MEC cell morphology and influence protein profiles involved in milk fat synthesis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongxian Yan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha , Hunan 410125 , People's Republic of China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients , Changsha , Hunan 410128 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoxun Tang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha , Hunan 410125 , People's Republic of China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety (CICAPS) , Changsha , Hunan 410128 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanshe Zhou
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha , Hunan 410125 , People's Republic of China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety (CICAPS) , Changsha , Hunan 410128 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Han
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha , Hunan 410125 , People's Republic of China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients , Changsha , Hunan 410128 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiliang Tan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha , Hunan 410125 , People's Republic of China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety (CICAPS) , Changsha , Hunan 410128 , People's Republic of China
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Nagata Y, Kanasaki A, Tamaru S, Tanaka K. D-psicose, an epimer of D-fructose, favorably alters lipid metabolism in Sprague-Dawley rats. J Agric Food Chem 2015; 63:3168-3176. [PMID: 25754616 DOI: 10.1021/jf502535p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
D-Psicose, a C3 epimer of D-fructose, is known to lower body weight and adipose tissue weight and affect lipid metabolism. The precise mechanism remains unknown. It has been reported that D-psicose has a short half-life and is not metabolized in the body. To determine how D-psicose modifies lipid metabolism, rats were fed diets with or without 3% D-psicose for 4 weeks. Rats were decapitated without fasting every 6 h over a period of 24 h. Changes in serum and liver lipid levels, liver enzyme activity, and gene expression were quantified in experiment 1. Rats fed D-psicose had significantly lower serum insulin and leptin levels. Liver enzyme activities involved in lipogenesis were significantly lowered by the D-psicose diet, whereas gene expression of a transcriptional modulator of fatty acid oxidation was enhanced. In experiment 2, feeding the D-psicose diet gave significantly lower body weight (389 ± 3 vs 426 ± 6 g, p < 0.05) and food intake (23.8 ± 0.2 vs 25.7 ± 0.4 g/day, p < 0.05) compared to the control diet. Rats fed the D-psicose diet gave significantly higher energy expenditure in the light period and fat oxidation in the dark period compared to rats fed the control diet, whereas carbohydrate oxidation was lower. In summary, these results indicate that the D-psicose diet decreases lipogenesis, increases fatty acid oxidation, and enhances 24 h energy expenditure, leading to d-psicose's potential for weight management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Nagata
- †Department of Nutrition, University of Nagasaki, Siebold, 1-1-1 Manabino, Nagayo-cho, Nishisonogi-gun, Nagasaki 851-2195, Japan
- §Center for Industry, University and Government Cooperation, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Akane Kanasaki
- †Department of Nutrition, University of Nagasaki, Siebold, 1-1-1 Manabino, Nagayo-cho, Nishisonogi-gun, Nagasaki 851-2195, Japan
| | - Shizuka Tamaru
- †Department of Nutrition, University of Nagasaki, Siebold, 1-1-1 Manabino, Nagayo-cho, Nishisonogi-gun, Nagasaki 851-2195, Japan
| | - Kazunari Tanaka
- †Department of Nutrition, University of Nagasaki, Siebold, 1-1-1 Manabino, Nagayo-cho, Nishisonogi-gun, Nagasaki 851-2195, Japan
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