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Stanciu EM, Pascu A, Croitoru C, Roată IC, Cristea D, Tierean MH, Hulka I, Petre IM, Mirza Rosca JC. Functional Surfaces via Laser Processing in Nickel Acetate Solution. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:3087. [PMID: 37109922 PMCID: PMC10143763 DOI: 10.3390/ma16083087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a novel laser processing technique in a liquid media to enhance the surface mechanical properties of a material, by thermal impact and micro-alloying at the subsurface level. An aqueous solution of nickel acetate (15% wt.) was used as liquid media for laser processing of C45E steel. A pulsed laser TRUMPH Truepulse 556 coupled to a PRECITEC 200 mm focal length optical system, manipulated by a robotic arm, was employed for the under-liquid micro-processing. The study's novelty lies in the diffusion of nickel in the C45E steel samples, resulting from the addition of nickel acetate to the liquid media. Micro-alloying and phase transformation were achieved up to a 30 µm depth from the surface. The laser micro-processed surface morphology was analysed using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to determine the chemical composition and structural development, respectively. The microstructure refinement was observed, along with the development of nickel-rich compounds at the subsurface level, contributing to an improvement of the micro and nanoscale hardness and elastic modulus (230 GPa). The laser-treated surface exhibited an enhancement of microhardness from 250 to 660 HV0.03 and an improvement of more than 50% in corrosion rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Manuela Stanciu
- Materials Engineering and Welding Department, Transilvania University of Brasov, Eroilor 29 Str., 500036 Brasov, Romania
| | - Alexandru Pascu
- Materials Engineering and Welding Department, Transilvania University of Brasov, Eroilor 29 Str., 500036 Brasov, Romania
| | - Cătălin Croitoru
- Materials Engineering and Welding Department, Transilvania University of Brasov, Eroilor 29 Str., 500036 Brasov, Romania
| | - Ionut Claudiu Roată
- Materials Engineering and Welding Department, Transilvania University of Brasov, Eroilor 29 Str., 500036 Brasov, Romania
| | - Daniel Cristea
- Materials Science Department, Transilvania University of Brasov, Eroilor 29 Str., 500036 Brasov, Romania
| | - Mircea Horia Tierean
- Materials Engineering and Welding Department, Transilvania University of Brasov, Eroilor 29 Str., 500036 Brasov, Romania
| | - Iosif Hulka
- Renewable Energy Research Institute—ICER, Politehnica University Timisoara, 138 Gavril Musicescu Street, 300774 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Mădălina Petre
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Faculty of Technological Engineering and Industrial Management, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania
| | - Julia Claudia Mirza Rosca
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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Luo L, Liang L, Zhang R, Chen W, Yu F, Zhao Y, Yue J. Using Vitek MS v3.0 To Identify Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Liquid Media in a Clinical Microbiology Laboratory. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0201822. [PMID: 36287015 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02018-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the incidence of diseases caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) has been increasing worldwide, especially in immunocompromised patients and those with potential chronic lung disease. Vitek MS v3.0 matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has emerged as a rapid and reliable method for identifying mycobacteria in clinical laboratories. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of Vitek MS v3.0 by isolating NTM directly from automated liquid medium systems using patient samples. A total of 855 Mycobacterium growth indicator tube (MGIT)-positive liquid cultures were investigated. Among them, 658 (77.0%) liquid cultures were correctly identified to the species, group, or complex level, 192 (23.0%) resulted in no identification, and 5 (0.6%) were misidentified at the species level. DNA sequencing identified 855 NTM isolates from liquid cultures, comprising 316 isolates of rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) and 539 isolates of slow-growing mycobacteria (SGM). Using the Vitek MS system, the RGM integral identification rate (276/316 [87.34%]) was higher than the SGM rate (381/539 [70.69%]) (P < 0.01). It was also higher than the SGM rate for all MGIT report-positive periods. These results indicate that the Vitek MS v3.0 system can rapidly identify NTM species from liquid cultures. Further validation using molecular techniques is required. IMPORTANCE Rapid and accurate identification of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is essential for diagnosis, appropriate therapy, and infection control. Vitek MS v3.0 matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has emerged as a rapid and reliable method for identifying mycobacteria in clinical laboratories. This study reported a clinical validation of the Vitek MS V3.0 system for identification of NTM isolates from 855 MGIT-positive liquid cultures which contained relatively large NTM types. Vitek MS v3.0 showed a promising rate for identification NTM isolates in positive liquid cultures. Vitek MS v3.0 had a better performance with RGM than with SGM. Vitek MS v3.0 results included "unidentified" or "misidentified" NTM isolates, which would also serve as an important reference for future optimization of this system. Vitek MS v3.0 represented a valuable technique for NTM identification from positive liquid cultures.
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Al Qahtani HS, Akhtar S, Alam MW, Hossain MK, Al Baroot A, Alheshibri M. Fabrication and Characterization of Au-Decorated MCM-41 Mesoporous Spheres Using Laser-Ablation Technique. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:7470. [PMID: 36363060 PMCID: PMC9654585 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the synthesis of Au-decorated MCM-41 mesoporous nanoparticles using a laser-ablation technique. It was observed that the number of Au attached to MCM-41 nanostructures was dependent on the amount of encapsulated Cationic surfactant (cetyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) volume. The chemical group of the prepared nanoparticles was analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy, where different absorption peaks corresponding to Au and MCM-41 were observed. The observed band region was ∼1090, 966, 801, 2918, and 1847 cm-1 for different samples, clearly confirming the successful preparation of MCM-41 with CTAB and Au-decorated MCM-41 nanoparticles using environmentally friendly laser-ablation approach. The surface morphology of the prepared nanoparticles were performed using TEM techniques. The TEM analysis of the MCM-41 specimen showed silica spheres with an average size of around 200 nm. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy was done to evaluate the chemical structure of the prepared nanoparticles. It was seen that the prepared Au NPs decorated the MCM-41 system facilitated strong Raman peaks of CTAB. In addition, eight distinct Raman peaks were observed in the presence of Au NPs. This new functionalized method using the laser-ablation approach for mesoporous nanoparticles will participate effectively in multiple applications, especially the encapsulated molecule sensing and detection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sultan Akhtar
- Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mir Waqas Alam
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Kamal Hossain
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems (IRC-REPS), Research Institute 5040, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abbad Al Baroot
- Department of Basic Engineering Sciences, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muidh Alheshibri
- Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Basic & Applied Scientific Research Centre, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
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Ruiz-Díez V, Toledo J, Hernando-García J, Ababneh A, Seidel H, Sánchez-Rojas JL. A Geometrical Study on the Roof Tile-Shaped Modes in AlN-Based Piezoelectric Microcantilevers as Viscosity⁻Density Sensors. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:s19030658. [PMID: 30736296 PMCID: PMC6387016 DOI: 10.3390/s19030658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Cantilever resonators based on the roof tile-shaped modes have recently demonstrated their suitability for liquid media monitoring applications. The early studies have shown that certain combinations of dimensions and order of the mode can maximize the Q-factor, what might suggest a competition between two mechanisms of losses with different geometrical dependence. To provide more insight, a comprehensive study of the Q-factor and the resonant frequency of these modes in microcantilever resonators with lengths and widths between 250 and 3000 µm and thicknesses between 10 and 60 µm is presented. These modes can be efficiently excited by a thin piezoelectric AlN film and a properly designed top electrode layout. The electrical and optical characterization of the resonators are performed in liquid media and then their performance is evaluated in terms of quality factor and resonant frequency. A quality factor as high as 140 was measured in isopropanol for a 1000 × 900 × 10 µm3 cantilever oscillating in the 11th order roof tile-shaped mode at 4 MHz; density and viscosity resolutions of 10−6 g/mL and 10−4 mPa·s, respectively are estimated for a geometrically optimized cantilever resonating below 1 MHz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Ruiz-Díez
- Microsystems, Actuators and Sensors Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Javier Toledo
- Microsystems, Actuators and Sensors Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Jorge Hernando-García
- Microsystems, Actuators and Sensors Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Abdallah Ababneh
- Electronic Engineering Department, Hijjawi Faculty for Engineering Technology, Yarmouk University, 21163 Irbid, Jordan.
| | - Helmut Seidel
- Chair of Micromechanics, Microfluidics/Microactuators, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology II, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - José Luis Sánchez-Rojas
- Microsystems, Actuators and Sensors Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
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Miller E, Cantrell C, Beard M, Derylak A, Babady NE, McMillen T, Miranda E, Body B, Tang YW, Vasireddy R, Vasireddy S, Smith T, Iakhiaeva E, Wallace RJ Jr, Brown-Elliott BA, Moreno E, Totty H, Deol P. Performance of Vitek MS v3.0 for Identification of Mycobacterium Species from Patient Samples by Use of Automated Liquid Medium Systems. J Clin Microbiol 2018; 56:e00219-18. [PMID: 29875193 DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00219-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The accuracy and robustness of the Vitek MS v3.0 matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) system was evaluated by identifying mycobacteria from automated liquid-medium systems using patient samples. This is the first report to demonstrate that proteins within the liquid medium, its supplements, and decontamination reagents for nonsterile patient samples do not generate misidentification or false-positive results by use of the Vitek MS v3.0 system. Prior to testing with patient samples, a seeded-culture study was conducted to challenge the accuracy of the Vitek MS system at identifying mycobacteria from liquid medium by mimicking a clinical workflow. Seventy-seven Mycobacterium strains representing 21 species, seeded in simulated sputum, were decontaminated, inoculated into BacT/Alert MP liquid culture medium, incubated until positivity, and identified using the Vitek MS system. A total of 383 liquid cultures were tested, of which 379 (99%) were identified correctly to the species/complex/group level, 4 (1%) gave a "no-identification" result, and no misidentifications were observed. Following the simulated-sputum study, a total of 73 smear-positive liquid-medium cultures detected using BD BBL MGIT and VersaTREK Myco liquid media were identified by the Vitek MS system. Sixty-four cultures (87.7%) were correctly identified to the species/complex/group level; 7 (9.6%) resulted in no identification; and 2 (2.7%) were misidentified at the species level. These results indicate that the Vitek MS v3.0 system is an accurate tool for routine diagnostics of Mycobacterium species isolated from liquid cultures.
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Schoeman A, Flett BC, Janse van Rensburg B. Evaluating three commonly used growth media for assessing fumonisin analogues FB 1, FB 2 and FB 3 production by nine Fusarium verticillioides isolates. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2016; 34:291-298. [PMID: 27899061 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1266397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Maize is most often infected by the fumonisin-producing Fusarium verticillioides. Total fumonisins of natural infected grain is made up of FB1, FB2 and FB3 with FB1 occurring naturally at higher levels. A maize plant can be infected with more than one F. verticillioides isolate, and finding a reliable method to elucidate the toxigenic potential of these isolates is important to extrapolate the possible fumonisin risk to consumers of grain. It is not clear whether F. verticillioides produces similar fumonisin levels, as well as fumonisin analogue ratios, across media. In this study, nine F. verticillioides isolates were subjected to three methods of fumonisin testing using liquid media, maize patties and a field trial (silk inoculation of grain) in Potchefstroom, South Africa. Spore concentrations of 1 × 106 conidia ml-1 of each isolate were used to inoculate the different media and levels fumonisin analogues were measured using HPLC. Fumonisin production per isolate was highly variable and was influenced by the two-way interaction of F. verticillioides isolate × growth media. Total fumonisins produced in the liquid medium ranged from 0 to 21.3 ppm, on maize patties fumonisins they ranged from 0 to 21.5 ppm, and in the silk inoculation technique they ranged from 0 to 15.5 ppm. The fumonisin analogue FB1 occurred at higher levels followed by FB3 in both in vitro studies. In the silk inoculation technique, fumonisin analogue FB2 was the second highest occurring analogue after FB1. Isolate GCI 282 produced higher FB2 and FB3 levels than FB1 in the patties and grain, respectively. In order not to miscalculate the fumonisin and analogue ratio levels per F. verticillioides isolate, the growth medium will have to be optimised for each isolate and more than one growth medium used.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schoeman
- a Agricultural Research Council-Grain Crops Institute , Potchefstroom , South Africa
| | - B C Flett
- a Agricultural Research Council-Grain Crops Institute , Potchefstroom , South Africa.,b Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Faculty of Natural Sciences , North-West University , Potchefstroom , South Africa
| | - B Janse van Rensburg
- a Agricultural Research Council-Grain Crops Institute , Potchefstroom , South Africa
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Saigal S, Bhargava A, Mehra SK, Dakwala F. Identification of Candida albicans by using different culture medias and its association in potentially malignant and malignant lesions. Contemp Clin Dent 2011; 2:188-93. [PMID: 22090762 PMCID: PMC3214525 DOI: 10.4103/0976-237x.86454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The present study evaluates the association of Candida albicans with normal control group, potentially malignant and malignant lesions of oral cavity by using two different liquid culture media. MATERIALS AND METHODS Saliva was collected and biopsy was taken only from those clinically suspected potentially malignant and malignant lesions for histopathological diagnosis. Saliva samples were inoculated for fungal growth in Sabouraud's dextrose agar and culture-positive samples had undergone for Germ tube test. Germ tube-positive samples were further taken for quantification of chlamydospore production in liquid media at 8 and 16 hours. RESULTS In normal control groups no fungus growth was found; however, potentially malignant and malignant cases showed fungus growth, positive germ tube test and chlamydospore formation. The result also showed rapid and quantitatively more chlamydospore formation in corn meal broth + 5% milk in comparison to serum milk culture media. CONCLUSION The oral mucosa is compromised in potentially malignant lesions, it can be argued that this species may be involved in carcinogenesis by elaborating the nitrosamine compounds which either act directly on oral mucosa or interact with other chemical carcinogens to activate specific proto-oncogenes and thereby initiate oral neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Saigal
- Department of Oral Pathology, Government Dental College, Raipur, India
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