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Larsen E, Murton O, Song X, Joachim D, Watts D, Kapczinski F, Venesky L, Hurowitz G. Validating the efficacy and value proposition of mental fitness vocal biomarkers in a psychiatric population: prospective cohort study. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1342835. [PMID: 38505797 PMCID: PMC10948552 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1342835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The utility of vocal biomarkers for mental health assessment has gained increasing attention. This study aims to further this line of research by introducing a novel vocal scoring system designed to provide mental fitness tracking insights to users in real-world settings. Methods A prospective cohort study with 104 outpatient psychiatric participants was conducted to validate the "Mental Fitness Vocal Biomarker" (MFVB) score. The MFVB score was derived from eight vocal features, selected based on literature review. Participants' mental health symptom severity was assessed using the M3 Checklist, which serves as a transdiagnostic tool for measuring depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and bipolar symptoms. Results The MFVB demonstrated an ability to stratify individuals by their risk of elevated mental health symptom severity. Continuous observation enhanced the MFVB's efficacy, with risk ratios improving from 1.53 (1.09-2.14, p=0.0138) for single 30-second voice samples to 2.00 (1.21-3.30, p=0.0068) for data aggregated over two weeks. A higher risk ratio of 8.50 (2.31-31.25, p=0.0013) was observed in participants who used the MFVB 5-6 times per week, underscoring the utility of frequent and continuous observation. Participant feedback confirmed the user-friendliness of the application and its perceived benefits. Conclusions The MFVB is a promising tool for objective mental health tracking in real-world conditions, with potential to be a cost-effective, scalable, and privacy-preserving adjunct to traditional psychiatric assessments. User feedback suggests that vocal biomarkers can offer personalized insights and support clinical therapy and other beneficial activities that are associated with improved mental health risks and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Devon Watts
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Flavio Kapczinski
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Mehnert J, Fischer-Schulte L, May A. Aura phenomena do not initiate migraine attacks-Findings from neuroimaging. Headache 2023; 63:1040-1044. [PMID: 37449553 DOI: 10.1111/head.14597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/BACKGROUND As cortical spreading depolarization (CSD) has been suggested to be the cause of migraine aura and as CSD can activate trigeminal nociceptive neurons in animals, it has been suggested that CSD may be the cause of migraine attacks. This raises the question of how migraine pain is generated in migraine attacks without aura and has led to the hypothesis that CSD may also occur in subcortical regions in the form of "silent" CSDs, and accordingly "silent auras". METHODS In this case study, we provide evidence for common neuronal alterations preceding headache attacks with and without aura in a male patient with migraine, who underwent daily event-correlated functional magnetic resonance imaging of trigeminal nociception for a period of 30 days. During these days the man experienced migraine attacks with and without aura. RESULTS Comparing the preictal phases between both attack types revealed a common hyperactivation of the hypothalamus (p < 0.01), which was already present 2 days before the actual attack. CONCLUSION The time frame of the central pathophysiological orchestration of migraine attacks, irrelevant of the presence of later aura, strongly suggests that the aura is an epiphenomenon that is unrelated and does not initiate headache attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Mehnert
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laura Fischer-Schulte
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arne May
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Khaytin I, Stewart TM, Zelko FA, Kee MA, Osipoff JN, Slattery SM, Weese-Mayer DE. Evolution of physiologic and autonomic phenotype in rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation, and autonomic dysregulation over a decade from age at diagnosis. J Clin Sleep Med 2022; 18:937-944. [PMID: 34694990 PMCID: PMC8883099 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.9740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation, and autonomic dysregulation (ROHHAD) is a rare cause of syndromic obesity with risk of cardiorespiratory arrest and neural crest tumor. No ROHHAD-specific genetic test exists at present. Rapid weight gain of 20-30 pounds, typically between ages 2-7 years in an otherwise healthy child, followed by multiple endocrine abnormalities herald the ROHHAD phenotype. Vigilant monitoring for asleep hypoventilation (and later awake) is mandatory as hypoventilation and altered control of breathing can emerge rapidly, necessitating artificial ventilation as life support. Recurrent hypoxemia may lead to cor pulmonale and/or right ventricular hypertrophy. Autonomic dysregulation is variably manifest. Here we describe the disease onset with "unfolding" of the phenotype in a child with ROHHAD, demonstrating the presentation complexity, need for a well-synchronized team approach, and optimized management that led to notable improvement ("refolding") in many aspects of the child's ROHHAD phenotype over 10 years of care. CITATION Khaytin I, Stewart TM, Zelko FA, et al. Evolution of physiologic and autonomic phenotype in rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation, and autonomic dysregulation over a decade from age at diagnosis. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(3):937-944.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Khaytin
- Division of Autonomic Medicine, Center for Autonomic Medicine in Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tracey M. Stewart
- Division of Autonomic Medicine, Center for Autonomic Medicine in Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Frank A. Zelko
- Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Pritzker Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Jennifer N. Osipoff
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Stony Brook University, East Setauket, New York
| | - Susan M. Slattery
- Division of Autonomic Medicine, Center for Autonomic Medicine in Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Debra E. Weese-Mayer
- Division of Autonomic Medicine, Center for Autonomic Medicine in Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Kim H, Park S, Kim Y, Kwon S, Kim H. Ecological momentary assessment of mental health in adults at suicide risk: An observational study protocol. J Adv Nurs 2022; 78:883-893. [PMID: 34994013 PMCID: PMC9303451 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To describe the research protocol for an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) designed to examine patterns of suicidal ideation and relevant psychosocial stress indicators in adults at risk for suicide. DESIGN This observational and longitudinal study will collect data for 28 consecutive days. METHODS A total of 150 adults at risk for suicide will be recruited from a single suicide prevention centre and an outpatient clinic in Korea. Self-report questionnaires will be administrated during weeks 0, 1, 3 and 5. Participants will receive text messages three times a day for 4 weeks prompting them to access an online survey link for daily mood survey including depression, anxiety, stress and suicidal ideation. In addition, for the first 2 weeks, they will wear an actigraphy device designed to collect actigraphic data in terms of sleep patterns and physical activity. Data analyses such as descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, chi-squared statistics and time-series and correlation analyses will be performed using IBM SPSS 26.0 and SAS version 9.3. The study received funding from National Research Foundation of Korea in February 2020. Institutional Review Board approval for our study was obtained in April 2021. DISCUSSIONS This study will yield fundamental information about daily patterns of suicide ideation and psychosocial stress indicators to develop preventive interventions for adults at risk for suicide. IMPACT Our study will contribute to the development of EMAs and interventions for adults at risk for suicide aimed at providing timely and individualized mental health services in a community setting. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial is registered with the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS). CRIS Registration Number: KCT0006165.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyein Kim
- College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyoung Park
- Department of Psychiatry, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Youkyung Kim
- College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongae Kwon
- College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejung Kim
- College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Langer S, Horn J, Gottschick C, Klee B, Purschke O, Caputo M, Dorendorf E, Meyer-Schlinkmann KM, Raupach-Rosin H, Karch A, Rübsamen N, Aydogdu M, Buhles M, Dressler F, Eberl W, von Koch FE, Frambach T, Franz H, Guthmann F, Guzman CA, Haase R, Hansen G, Heselich V, Hübner J, Koch HG, Oberhoff C, Riese P, Schild R, Seeger S, Tchirikov M, Trittel S, von Kaisenberg C, Mikolajczyk R. Symptom Burden and Factors Associated with Acute Respiratory Infections in the First Two Years of Life-Results from the LoewenKIDS Cohort. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10010111. [PMID: 35056559 PMCID: PMC8781593 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are the most common childhood illnesses worldwide whereby the reported frequency varies widely, often depending on type of assessment. Symptom diaries are a powerful tool to counteract possible under-reporting, particularly of milder infections, and thus offer the possibility to assess the full burden of ARIs. The following analyses are based on symptom diaries from participants of the German birth cohort study LoewenKIDS. Primary analyses included frequencies of ARIs and specific symptoms. Factors, which might be associated with an increased number of ARIs, were identified using the Poisson regression. A subsample of two hundred eighty-eight participants were included. On average, 13.7 ARIs (SD: 5.2 median: 14.0 IQR: 10-17) were reported in the first two years of life with an average duration of 11 days per episode (SD: 5.8, median: 9.7, IQR: 7-14). The median age for the first ARI episode was 91 days (IQR: 57-128, mean: 107, SD: 84.5). Childcare attendance and having siblings were associated with an increased frequency of ARIs, while exclusive breastfeeding for the first three months was associated with less ARIs, compared to exclusive breastfeeding for a longer period. This study provides detailed insight into the symptom burden of ARIs in German infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Langer
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Medical School of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (S.L.); (J.H.); (B.K.); (O.P.); (R.M.)
| | - Johannes Horn
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Medical School of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (S.L.); (J.H.); (B.K.); (O.P.); (R.M.)
| | - Cornelia Gottschick
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Medical School of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (S.L.); (J.H.); (B.K.); (O.P.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-345-5574499
| | - Bianca Klee
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Medical School of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (S.L.); (J.H.); (B.K.); (O.P.); (R.M.)
| | - Oliver Purschke
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Medical School of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (S.L.); (J.H.); (B.K.); (O.P.); (R.M.)
| | - Mahrrouz Caputo
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Epidemiology Research Group Epidemiological and Statistical Methods, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (M.C.); (E.D.); (K.M.M.-S.); (H.R.-R.)
| | - Evelyn Dorendorf
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Epidemiology Research Group Epidemiological and Statistical Methods, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (M.C.); (E.D.); (K.M.M.-S.); (H.R.-R.)
| | - Kristin Maria Meyer-Schlinkmann
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Epidemiology Research Group Epidemiological and Statistical Methods, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (M.C.); (E.D.); (K.M.M.-S.); (H.R.-R.)
| | - Heike Raupach-Rosin
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Epidemiology Research Group Epidemiological and Statistical Methods, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (M.C.); (E.D.); (K.M.M.-S.); (H.R.-R.)
| | - André Karch
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (A.K.); (N.R.)
| | - Nicole Rübsamen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (A.K.); (N.R.)
| | - Mustafa Aydogdu
- Department of Gynecology, Gyneoncology and Senology, Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, 28205 Bremen, Germany;
| | - Matthias Buhles
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Community Hospital Wolfenbuettel, 38302 Wolfenbuettel, Germany;
| | - Frank Dressler
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hanover Medical School, 30625 Hanover, Germany; (F.D.); (G.H.)
| | - Wolfgang Eberl
- Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Braunschweig, 38118 Braunschweig, Germany; (W.E.); (H.G.K.)
| | - Franz Edler von Koch
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospital Dritter Orden, Munich-Nymphenburg, 80336 Munich, Germany;
| | - Torsten Frambach
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospital St. Joseph Stift Bremen, 80336 Bremen, Germany;
| | - Heiko Franz
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospital Braunschweig, 38118 Braunschweig, Germany;
| | - Florian Guthmann
- Department of Neonatology, Children and Youth Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hanover, Germany;
| | - Carlos A. Guzman
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Department Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (C.A.G.); (P.R.); (S.T.)
| | - Roland Haase
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Hospital St. Elisabeth und St. Barbara, 06110 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Gesine Hansen
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hanover Medical School, 30625 Hanover, Germany; (F.D.); (G.H.)
| | - Valerie Heselich
- Department of Paediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (V.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Johannes Hübner
- Department of Paediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (V.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Hans Georg Koch
- Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Braunschweig, 38118 Braunschweig, Germany; (W.E.); (H.G.K.)
| | - Carsten Oberhoff
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum Links der Weser, 28277 Bremen, Germany;
| | - Peggy Riese
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Department Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (C.A.G.); (P.R.); (S.T.)
| | - Ralf Schild
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatal Medicine, DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift Hanover, 30559 Hanover, Germany;
| | - Sven Seeger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospital St. Elisabeth und St. Barbara, 06110 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Michael Tchirikov
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Stephanie Trittel
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Department Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (C.A.G.); (P.R.); (S.T.)
| | - Constantin von Kaisenberg
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hanover Medical School, 30625 Hanover, Germany;
| | - Rafael Mikolajczyk
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Medical School of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (S.L.); (J.H.); (B.K.); (O.P.); (R.M.)
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Epidemiology Research Group Epidemiological and Statistical Methods, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (M.C.); (E.D.); (K.M.M.-S.); (H.R.-R.)
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Klimas J, Mok WY, Lake S, Eugenia Socías M, DeBeck K, Hayashi K, Wood E, Milloy MJ. Prevalence and correlates of intentional substance use to reduce illicit opioid use in a Canadian setting. J Subst Use 2022; 27:277-282. [PMID: 35685454 PMCID: PMC9173654 DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2021.1941341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background While preliminary evidence has begun to document intentional use of one substance to reduce the use of another, the phenomenon of drug substitution among people who use illicit opioids remains understudied. Therefore, we sought to estimate the prevalence and correlates of intentional substance use to reduce illicit opioid use among persons who use drugs (PWUD). Methods We analysed data from three prospective cohorts of PWUD in Vancouver, Canada, using multivariable generalized estimating equations (GEE). Results Between June 2012 and June 2016, 1527 participants were recruited and contributed 4991 interviews. Of those, 336 (22%) illicit opioid-using participants self-reported substitution to reduce illicit opioid use at least once during study period contributing 467 (9.4%) interviews. Among those interviews, substances substituted for opioids were alcohol (15 participants, 3.2%), stimulants (235, 50.3%), cannabis (129, 27.6%), benzodiazepines (21, 4.5%), and others (20, 4.3%). In multivariable GEE model adjusted for socio-demographic factors, reporting substitution to reduce illicit opioid use was positively associated with greater likelihood of daily cannabis use (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 1.56, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.24-1.96]. Conclusions While daily cannabis use was associated with reporting opioid substitution attempts, additional study is needed to examine potential of cannabis/cannabinoids to reduce illicit opioid use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Klimas
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, 400-1045 Howe Street, Vancouver, BC, CANADA, V6Z 1Y6,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, St. Paul’s Hospital, 608-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, CANADA, V6Z 1Y6,School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Wing Yin Mok
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, 400-1045 Howe Street, Vancouver, BC, CANADA, V6Z 1Y6
| | - Stephanie Lake
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, 400-1045 Howe Street, Vancouver, BC, CANADA, V6Z 1Y6
| | - M. Eugenia Socías
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, 400-1045 Howe Street, Vancouver, BC, CANADA, V6Z 1Y6,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, St. Paul’s Hospital, 608-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, CANADA, V6Z 1Y6
| | - Kora DeBeck
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, 400-1045 Howe Street, Vancouver, BC, CANADA, V6Z 1Y6,School of Public Policy, Simon Fraser University, 515 West Hastings Street, Vancouver, BC V6B 5K3
| | - Kanna Hayashi
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, 400-1045 Howe Street, Vancouver, BC, CANADA, V6Z 1Y6,Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Blusson Hall, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Evan Wood
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, 400-1045 Howe Street, Vancouver, BC, CANADA, V6Z 1Y6,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, St. Paul’s Hospital, 608-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, CANADA, V6Z 1Y6
| | - M-J Milloy
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, 400-1045 Howe Street, Vancouver, BC, CANADA, V6Z 1Y6,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, St. Paul’s Hospital, 608-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, CANADA, V6Z 1Y6
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Jung E, Ahn JS, Han J, Kim MH. Trajectories of Psychopathology According to Continuation or Discontinuation of Child Abuse: A Longitudinal Observational Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18178968. [PMID: 34501559 PMCID: PMC8430668 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18178968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to childhood abuse and occurrence of mental illness are positively correlated. Using long-term tracking data in Korea, we identified the characteristics of children and adolescents who experienced abuse and impact thereof on their psychopathology. Using the Korea Welfare Panel data, 354 teenagers in grades 4–6 of elementary school participated, were assessed at baseline, and monitored 3 years later. They were categorized into Never, Occurrence, Continuation, and Discontinuation groups according to changes in the abuse experienced. Psychopathology was evaluated using K-CBCL. Childhood abuse experience significantly affected psychopathology. At the baseline, the Continuation and Discontinuation groups had a higher severity of psychopathology than the Never group. Psychopathology at the baseline was associated with whether the patient experienced abuse that year. In the follow-up observation, the risk of psychopathology in the Occurrence and Continuation groups was higher than that in the Never group. The Discontinuation group had decreased psychopathology, which was not clinically significant in the follow-up observation (INT aRR = 2.09; 95% CI 0.61–7.13, EXT aRR = 4.23; 95% CI 1.12–16.07). Stopping abuse in late childhood reduces adolescents’ psychopathology in the long term, meaning they can recover their normal developmental trajectory according to risk groups and provide effective interventions including discontinuation of abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jaehyun Han
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (M.-H.K.); Tel.: +82-33-741-0034 (J.H. & M.-H.K.); Fax: +82-33-741-1260 (J.H. & M.-H.K.)
| | - Min-Hyuk Kim
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (M.-H.K.); Tel.: +82-33-741-0034 (J.H. & M.-H.K.); Fax: +82-33-741-1260 (J.H. & M.-H.K.)
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Boyko AN. [An additional analysis of the efficacy and safety of therapy in the Russian population of patients with multiple sclerosis participated in phase III international multicenter clinical trials: results of alemtuzumab study]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2020; 119:147-152. [PMID: 31935000 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201911910147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The article is discussing the data of additional analyses of subpopulation of MS patients from Russia, participating in phase III clinical trials of DMTs (article by E.P. Evdoshenko et al in this issue). This review the data of alemtuzumab trials CARE-MS I and CARE-MS II with special attention to Russian patients. Such statistics allows to find new peculiarities of the drug effectiveness, selection of groups of patients, showing better results in MS patients with high disease activity, but low residual disability. Data of longitudinal observations are of special interest. Presented data on the 8-years observation of MS after alemtuzumab therapy show low annual relapse rate (mean 0,14-0,18) and stable disability levels, even with confimed disability improvement of EDSS in 41-47% of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Boyko
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Federal Center of Cerebrovascular Pathology and Stroke, Moscow, Russia
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9
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Naitoh M, Watanabe H, Yoshida K, Hayashi H, Gotoh K, Ariji E. Longitudinal observation of maxillary sinus bony bridges and septa in childhood. Okajimas Folia Anat Jpn 2018; 94:61-64. [PMID: 29249735 DOI: 10.2535/ofaj.94.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The rate of septum presence in the maxillary sinus has been reported to be over 30%. It was considered that a bony bridge might change to a maxillary sinus septum with growth in a previous study using dry child skulls. In the present investigation, maxillary sinus bony bridges and septa were longitudinally observed using computed tomography (CT). Multislice CT was performed in three patients. A bony bridge was defined as a bony structure between the maxillary sinus wall and dental germ. Also, a septum was defined as a pointed bony structure in the inferior wall of the maxillary sinus. The height and angle of the bony bridge/septum and the distance between the base of the bony bridge/septum and bony palate were measured. In three patients, the bony bridge in the maxillary sinus floor was observed in the second molar on the first CT, and the maxillary sinus septum was observed on the second CT at the same site. In conclusion, it was longitudinally observed that a bony bridge changed to a maxillary sinus septum with growth, such as root formation and tooth eruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munetaka Naitoh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University
| | - Hirofumi Watanabe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University
| | - Kazuhito Yoshida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University
| | - Hisashi Hayashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University
| | - Kenichi Gotoh
- Division of Radiology, Dental Hospital, Aichi-Gakuin University
| | - Eiichiro Ariji
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University
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Adamczyk P, Pluskiewicz W, Halaba Z, Nowakowski M, Madaj A, Drozdzowska B. Quantitative Ultrasound Measurement at the Hand Phalanges Does Not Reveal Skeletal Disturbances in Children With Bronchial Asthma: A Longitudinal Observation. J Ultrasound Med 2017; 36:975-984. [PMID: 28258615 DOI: 10.7863/ultra.16.01017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the skeletal status in asthmatic children treated with inhaled corticosteroids in a longitudinal observation by quantitative ultrasound (US) measurement at the hand phalanges. METHODS Thirty-four children were studied prospectively. Quantitative US measurements were performed at baseline and after a mean ± SD of 2.35 ± 0.20 years. The obtained results were compared to age-, sex-, and body size-matched control participants selected from a database of previously examined healthy children. Individual changes in the amplitude-dependent speed of sound (Ad-SoS) during the follow-up period were also analyzed. RESULTS The mean age of the asthmatic children was 10.6 ± 2.5 years. The mean Ad-SoS in the asthmatic children at baseline was 1940.5 ± 49.6 m/s, and the mean Z score was -0.26 ± 0.80. Corresponding values at the follow-up examination were 1976.2 ± 63.6 m/s and -0.18 ± 1.16. The results did not differ significantly in comparison to the healthy controls. The analysis of individual changes in Ad-SoS revealed that 18 participants had a significant increase in this parameter (ie, exceeding the least significant change threshold), and 16 did not have a significant change in their values. No one had a significant decrease in Ad-SoS. CONCLUSIONS Quantitative US at the hand phalanges applied as a diagnostic tool revealed no essential differences in the pattern of skeletal development between asthmatic children treated with inhaled glucocorticosteroids and healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Adamczyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Wojciech Pluskiewicz
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Diabetology, and Nephrology, Metabolic Bone Diseases Unit, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Zenon Halaba
- Department of Social Pediatrics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Anna Madaj
- Allegro Med Outpatient Medical Care, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Bogna Drozdzowska
- Department of Pathomorphology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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