1
|
Santoro A, Capri A, Petrone D, Colavita F, Meschi S, Matusali G, Mizzoni K, Notari S, Agrati C, Goletti D, Pezzotti P, Puro V. SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infections According to the Immune Response Elicited after mRNA Third Dose Vaccination in COVID-19-Naïve Hospital Personnel. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051247. [PMID: 37238918 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2-anti-spike antibody (anti-S/RBD) titers are often used as a marker of immune protection and to anticipate the risk of breakthrough infections, although no clear cut-off is available. We describe the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine breakthrough infections in COVID-19-free personnel of our hospital, according to B- and T-cell immune response elicited one month after mRNA third dose vaccination. METHODS The study included 487 individuals for whom data on anti-S/RBD were available. Neutralizing antibody titers (nAbsT) against the ancestral Whuan SARS-CoV-2, and the BA.1 Omicron variant, and SARS-CoV-2 T-cell specific response were measured in subsets of 197 (40.5%), 159 (32.6%), and 127 (26.1%) individuals, respectively. RESULTS On a total of 92,063 days of observation, 204 participants (42%) had SARS-CoV-2 infection. No significant differences in the probability of SARS-CoV-2 infection for different levels of anti-S/RBD, nAbsT, Omicron nAbsT, or SARS-CoV-2 T cell specific response, and no protective thresholds for infection were found. CONCLUSIONS Routine testing for vaccine-induced humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is not recommended if measured as parameters of 'protective immunity' from SARS-CoV-2 after vaccination. Whether these findings apply to new Omicron-specific bivalent vaccines is going to be evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annapaola Santoro
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Capri
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Petrone
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health (ISS), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Colavita
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Meschi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Matusali
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Klizia Mizzoni
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Notari
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Delia Goletti
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizio Pezzotti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health (ISS), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Puro
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hernandez SPA, Hersby DS, Munk KK, Tamhane T, Trubach D, Tagliamonte M, Buonaguro L, Gang AO, Hadrup SR, Saini SK. Three doses of BNT162b2 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine establish long-lasting CD8 + T cell immunity in CLL and MDS patients. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1035344. [PMID: 36703960 PMCID: PMC9873231 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1035344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with hematological malignancies are prioritized for COVID-19 vaccine due to their high risk for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection-related disease and mortality. To understand T cell immunity, its long-term persistence, and its correlation with antibody response, we evaluated the BNT162b2 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine-specific immune response in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and myeloid dysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients. Longitudinal analysis of CD8+ T cells using DNA-barcoded peptide-MHC multimers covering the full SARS-CoV-2 Spike-protein (415 peptides) showed vaccine-specific T cell activation and persistence of memory T cells up to six months post-vaccination. Surprisingly, a higher frequency of vaccine-induced antigen-specific CD8+ T cells was observed in the patient group compared to a healthy donor group. Furthermore, and importantly, immunization with the second booster dose significantly increased the frequency of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells as well as the total number of T cell specificities. Altogether 59 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine-derived immunogenic responses were identified, of which 23 established long-term CD8+ T cell memory response with a strong immunodominance for NYNYLYRLF (HLA-A24:02) and YLQPRTFLL (HLA-A02:01) epitopes. In summary, we mapped the vaccine-induced antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and showed a booster-specific activation and enrichment of memory T cells that could be important for long-term disease protection in this patient group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Patricia Amaya Hernandez
- Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ditte Stampe Hersby
- Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kamilla Kjærgaard Munk
- Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tripti Tamhane
- Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Darya Trubach
- Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Maria Tagliamonte
- Innovative Immunological Models Unit, National Cancer Institute Pascale Foundation – IRCCS, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luigi Buonaguro
- Innovative Immunological Models Unit, National Cancer Institute Pascale Foundation – IRCCS, Napoli, Italy
| | - Anne Ortved Gang
- Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sine Reker Hadrup
- Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sunil Kumar Saini
- Department of Health Technology, Section of Experimental and Translational Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark,*Correspondence: Sunil Kumar Saini,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Owsianka I, Pac A, Jachowicz E, Gutkowska K, Szczuciński W, Maziarz B, Sochacka-Tatara E, Heczko P, Sydor W, Żółtowska B, Wójkowska-Mach J. Corrigendum: SARS-CoV-2 antibody response after mRNA vaccination in healthcare workers with and without previous COVID-19, a follow-up study from the University Hospital in Krakow, Poland. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1155871. [PMID: 36960062 PMCID: PMC10029350 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1155871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1071204.].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabella Owsianka
- Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- *Correspondence: Izabella Owsianka,
| | - Agnieszka Pac
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Estera Jachowicz
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Gutkowska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wiktor Szczuciński
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Maziarz
- Department of Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Sochacka-Tatara
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Heczko
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech Sydor
- Center for Innovative Therapy, Clinical Research Coordination Center, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Żółtowska
- Center for Innovative Therapy, Clinical Research Coordination Center, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Wójkowska-Mach
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Owsianka I, Pac A, Jachowicz E, Gutkowska K, Szczuciński W, Maziarz B, Sochacka-Tatara E, Heczko P, Sydor W, Żółtowska B, Wójkowska-Mach J. SARS-CoV-2 antibody response after mRNA vaccination in healthcare workers with and without previous COVID-19, a follow-up study from a university hospital in Poland during 6 months 2021. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1071204. [PMID: 36685606 PMCID: PMC9850141 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1071204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Healthcare workers (HCWs) from the beginning of the pandemic have been at risk of exposure to SARS-CoV-2, so they were vaccinated as first. Objectives The purpose of the study was to determine the level of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in HCWs before and after vaccination with mRNA preparations according to previous COVID- 19. Patients and methods The HCWs from the University Hospital in Krakow completed two surveys: the baseline survey before receiving the first dose of vaccine (in January 2021) and the follow-up survey in June 2021. In parallel, two blood samples were collected from each participant at baseline and at follow-up. Total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels were measured using the ECLIA technique. Results At baseline, 41.1% of HCWs had positive antibody test results, and at follow-up, the vaccinated HCWs had almost 100 times higher antibody levels than the unvaccinated HCWs. Participants under 30 years of age had significantly higher antibody levels in June than older HCWs. Among participants with positive antibody test results in January, HCWs who had experienced asymptomatic COVID-19 had more than five times higher antibody levels in June than HCWs self-reported severe COVID-19. In total, 86.9% of HCWs received Comirnaty or Spikevax. The incidence rate of COVID-19 in the unvaccinated vs. vaccinated group was 13 times higher, 20.5% and 1.9% respectively. Conclusions These results confirm the effectiveness of vaccination in the prevention of COVID-19 in HCWs. It is worth getting vaccinated regardless of previous infection. Furthermore, vaccination among HCWs under 30 years of age induced more effective antibody production compared to older individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabella Owsianka
- Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- *Correspondence: Izabella Owsianka,
| | - Agnieszka Pac
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Estera Jachowicz
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Gutkowska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wiktor Szczuciński
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Maziarz
- Department of Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Sochacka-Tatara
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Heczko
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech Sydor
- Center for Innovative Therapy, Clinical Research Coordination Center, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Żółtowska
- Center for Innovative Therapy, Clinical Research Coordination Center, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Wójkowska-Mach
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|