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Wakizaka M, Sato T, Yoshino Y, Takaishi S, Yamashita M. Intramolecular Ferromagnetism in Di-Nuclear 3 d-Transition-Metal Single-Molecule Magnets by Pseudo-Serial Arrangement. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203421. [PMID: 36479715 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Di-nuclear citrate complexes, [CH6 N3 ]2 [M2 (citH)2 (H2 O)4 ] ⋅ 2H2 O (citH4 =citric acid; M=FeII (Fe-2), CoII (Co-2), and NiII (Ni-2)), are synthesized. The ligand, citH3- , is deprotonated only at the three carboxy groups, which is different from the previously reported tetra-nuclear structures with cit4- ligands. Magnetic measurements reveal that these complexes have intramolecular ferromagnetism with J=∼0 cm-1 (Ni-2), 0.02 cm-1 (Co-2), and 0.04 cm-1 (Fe-2). Co-2 and Fe-2 show slow magnetic relaxation, and are field-induced SMMs with activation energy of spin-reversal Ueff =27 cm-1 (Co-2) and 4.2 cm-1 (Fe-2). Density functional theory calculations indicate that the uniaxial anisotropy along the z-axis of each metal ion center forms the pseudo-serial arrangement, leading to intramolecular ferromagnetism via the magnetic dipole interaction. This work demonstrates the creation of ferromagnetic SMMs by the magnetic dipole engineering of 3d di-nuclear metal ion centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Wakizaka
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Tetsu Sato
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shinya Takaishi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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Williams PS, Carpino F, Zborowski M. Characterization of magnetic nanoparticles using programmed quadrupole magnetic field-flow fractionation. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2010; 368:4419-4437. [PMID: 20732895 PMCID: PMC2981903 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2010.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Quadrupole magnetic field-flow fractionation is a relatively new technique for the separation and characterization of magnetic nanoparticles. Magnetic nanoparticles are often of composite nature having a magnetic component, which may be a very finely divided material, and a polymeric or other material coating that incorporates this magnetic material and stabilizes the particles in suspension. There may be other components such as antibodies on the surface for specific binding to biological cells, or chemotherapeutic drugs for magnetic drug delivery. Magnetic field-flow fractionation (MgFFF) has the potential for determining the distribution of the magnetic material among the particles in a given sample. MgFFF differs from most other forms of field-flow fractionation in that the magnetic field that brings about particle separation induces magnetic dipole moments in the nanoparticles, and these potentially can interact with one another and perturb the separation. This aspect is examined in the present work. Samples of magnetic nanoparticles were analysed under different experimental conditions to determine the sensitivity of the method to variation of conditions. The results are shown to be consistent and insensitive to conditions, although magnetite content appeared to be somewhat higher than expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Stephen Williams
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
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Hirota N, Ando T, Tanaka R, Wada H, Sakka Y. Control of lattice spacing in a triangular lattice of feeble magnetic particles formed by induced magnetic dipole interactions. Sci Technol Adv Mater 2009; 10:014608. [PMID: 27877259 PMCID: PMC5109601 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/10/1/014608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2008] [Revised: 05/22/2009] [Accepted: 12/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We studied methods of controlling the spacing between particles in the triangular lattice formed by feeble magnetic particles through induced magnetic dipole interaction. Formation of a triangular lattice is described by the balance between the magnetic force and the interaction of induced magnetic dipoles. The intensity of the magnetic force is proportional to the volume of particles V and the difference in the magnetic susceptibilities between the particles and the surrounding medium Δχ. On the other hand, the intensity of the induced magnetic dipole interaction depends on the square of V and Δχ. Therefore, altering the magnetic susceptibility difference by changing the susceptibility of the surrounding medium, volume of the particles, and intensity and spatial distribution of the applied magnetic field effectively controls the distance between the particles. In this study, these three methods were evaluated through experiment and molecular dynamics simulations. The distance between the particles, i.e. the lattice constant of the triangular lattice, was varied from 1.7 to 4.0 in units of the particle diameter. Formation of self-organized triangular lattice through the induced magnetic dipole interaction is based on magnetism, a physical property that all materials have. Therefore, this phenomenon is applicable to any materials of any size. Consequently, structure formation through induced magnetic dipole interaction is a potential way of fabricating materials with ordered structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Hirota
- Nano Ceramics Center, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Ando
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Ryo Tanaka
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Wada
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Yoshio Sakka
- Nano Ceramics Center, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
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