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Aw Yong KM, Horst E, Neale D, Royzenblat S, Lahann J, Greineder C, Weivoda M, Mehta G, Keller ET. A Bioreactor for 3D In Vitro Modeling of the Mechanical Stimulation of Osteocytes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:797542. [PMID: 35402411 PMCID: PMC8990130 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.797542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone is a mechanosensitive organ that is also a common metastatic site for prostate cancer. However, the mechanism by which the tumor interacts with the bone microenvironment to further promote disease progression remains to be fully understood. This is largely due to a lack of physiological yet user-friendly models that limit our ability to perform in-depth mechanistic studies. Here, we report a tunable bioreactor which facilitates the 3D culture of the osteocyte cell line, MLO-Y4, in a hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) scaffold under constant fluidic shear stress and tunable hydrostatic pressure within physiological parameters. Increasing hydrostatic pressure was sufficient to induce a change in the expression of several bone remodeling genes such as Dmp1, Rankl, and Runx2. Furthermore, increased hydrostatic pressure induced the osteocytes to promote the differentiation of the murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7 toward osteoclast-like cells. These results demonstrate that the bioreactor recapitulates the mechanotransduction response of osteocytes to pressure including the measurement of their functional ability in a 3D environment. In conclusion, the bioreactor would be useful for exploring the mechanisms of osteocytes in bone health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koh Meng Aw Yong
- Department of Urology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Eric Horst
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Dylan Neale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sonya Royzenblat
- Biosciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Joerg Lahann
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Biosciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Colin Greineder
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Megan Weivoda
- Biosciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Geeta Mehta
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Evan T. Keller
- Department of Urology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Biosciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Samarelli AV, Masciale V, Aramini B, Coló GP, Tonelli R, Marchioni A, Bruzzi G, Gozzi F, Andrisani D, Castaniere I, Manicardi L, Moretti A, Tabbì L, Guaitoli G, Cerri S, Dominici M, Clini E. Molecular Mechanisms and Cellular Contribution from Lung Fibrosis to Lung Cancer Development. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12179. [PMID: 34830058 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrosing interstitial lung disease (ILD) of unknown aetiology, with a median survival of 2–4 years from the time of diagnosis. Although IPF has unknown aetiology by definition, there have been identified several risks factors increasing the probability of the onset and progression of the disease in IPF patients such as cigarette smoking and environmental risk factors associated with domestic and occupational exposure. Among them, cigarette smoking together with concomitant emphysema might predispose IPF patients to lung cancer (LC), mostly to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), increasing the risk of lung cancer development. To this purpose, IPF and LC share several cellular and molecular processes driving the progression of both pathologies such as fibroblast transition proliferation and activation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, and many genetic and epigenetic markers that predispose IPF patients to LC development. Nintedanib, a tyrosine–kinase inhibitor, was firstly developed as an anticancer drug and then recognized as an anti-fibrotic agent based on the common target molecular pathway. In this review our aim is to describe the updated studies on common cellular and molecular mechanisms between IPF and lung cancer, knowledge of which might help to find novel therapeutic targets for this disease combination.
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Mondoñedo JR, Bartolák-Suki E, Bou Jawde S, Nelson K, Cao K, Sonnenberg A, Obrochta WP, Imsirovic J, Ram-Mohan S, Krishnan R, Suki B. A High-Throughput System for Cyclic Stretching of Precision-Cut Lung Slices During Acute Cigarette Smoke Extract Exposure. Front Physiol 2020; 11:566. [PMID: 32655401 PMCID: PMC7326018 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale Precision-cut lung slices (PCLSs) are a valuable tool in studying tissue responses to an acute exposure; however, cyclic stretching may be necessary to recapitulate physiologic, tidal breathing conditions. Objectives To develop a multi-well stretcher and characterize the PCLS response following acute exposure to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Methods A 12-well stretching device was designed, built, and calibrated. PCLS were obtained from male Sprague-Dawley rats (N = 10) and assigned to one of three groups: 0% (unstretched), 5% peak-to-peak amplitude (low-stretch), and 5% peak-to-peak amplitude superimposed on 10% static stretch (high-stretch). Lung slices were cyclically stretched for 12 h with or without CSE in the media. Levels of Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and its tissue inhibitor (TIMP1), and membrane type-MMP (MT1-MMP) were assessed via western blot from tissue homogenate. Results The stretcher system produced nearly identical normal Lagrangian strains (Exx and Eyy, p > 0.999) with negligible shear strain (Exy < 0.0005) and low intra-well variability 0.127 ± 0.073%. CSE dose response curve was well characterized by a four-parameter logistic model (R2 = 0.893), yielding an IC50 value of 0.018 cig/mL. Cyclic stretching for 12 h did not decrease PCLS viability. Two-way ANOVA detected a significant interaction between CSE and stretch pattern for IL-1β (p = 0.017), MMP-1, TIMP1, and MT1-MMP (p < 0.001). Conclusion This platform is capable of high-throughput testing of an acute exposure under tightly-regulated, cyclic stretching conditions. We conclude that the acute mechano-inflammatory response to CSE exhibits complex, stretch-dependence in the PCLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarred R Mondoñedo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.,Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Elizabeth Bartolák-Suki
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Samer Bou Jawde
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kara Nelson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kun Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Adam Sonnenberg
- Department of Systems Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Walter Patrick Obrochta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jasmin Imsirovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sumati Ram-Mohan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ramaswamy Krishnan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Béla Suki
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
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Catanesi M, Panella G, Benedetti E, Fioravanti G, Perrozzi F, Ottaviano L, Leandro LD, Ardini M, Giansanti F, d'Angelo M, Castelli V, Angelucci F, Ippoliti R, Cimini A. YAP/TAZ mechano-transduction as the underlying mechanism of neuronal differentiation induced by reduced graphene oxide. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:3091-3106. [PMID: 30451074 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this work is the dissection of the molecular pathways underlying the differentiation effect of reduced graphene oxide (GO) materials in the absence of differentiation agents. MATERIALS & METHODS Reduced GO is obtained either by drop casting method and heat-treated or biological reduction by the interaction between GO and wtPrxI. Cells were grown on both materials and the differentiation process studied by immunological and morphological detection. RESULTS & CONCLUSION The results obtained indicate that both reduction methods of GO can determine the modulation of pathway involved in mechano-transduction and differentiation, by affecting YAP/TAZ localization outside the nuclei and increasing neuronal differentiation markers. This suggests that the mechano-transduction pathways are responsible for the differentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Catanesi
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila Italy
| | - G Panella
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila Italy
| | - E Benedetti
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila Italy
| | - G Fioravanti
- Department of Physical & Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila Italy
| | - F Perrozzi
- Department of Physical & Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila Italy
| | - L Ottaviano
- Department of Physical & Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila Italy
| | - L Di Leandro
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila Italy
| | - M Ardini
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila Italy
| | - F Giansanti
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila Italy
| | - M d'Angelo
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila Italy
| | - V Castelli
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila Italy
| | - F Angelucci
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila Italy
| | - R Ippoliti
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila Italy
| | - A Cimini
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila Italy.,Department of Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research & Molecular Medicine, Temple University, PA, USA
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Coelho NM, McCulloch CA. Mechanical signaling through the discoidin domain receptor 1 plays a central role in tissue fibrosis. Cell Adh Migr 2018; 12:348-362. [PMID: 29513135 PMCID: PMC6363045 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2018.1448353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The preservation of tissue and organ architecture and function depends on tightly regulated interactions of cells with the extracellular matrix (ECM). These interactions are maintained in a dynamic equilibrium that balances intracellular, myosin-generated tension with extracellular resistance conferred by the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix. Disturbances of this equilibrium can lead to the development of fibrotic lesions that are associated with a wide repertoire of high prevalence diseases including obstructive cardiovascular diseases, muscular dystrophy and cancer. Mechanotransduction is the process by which mechanical cues are converted into biochemical signals. At the core of mechanotransduction are sensory systems, which are frequently located at sites of cell-ECM and cell-cell contacts. As integrins (cell-ECM junctions) and cadherins (cell-cell contacts) have been extensively studied, we focus here on the properties of the discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1), a tyrosine kinase that mediates cell adhesion to collagen. DDR1 expression is positively associated with fibrotic lesions of heart, kidney, liver, lung and perivascular tissues. As the most common end-point of all fibrotic disorders is dysregulated collagen remodeling, we consider here the mechanical signaling functions of DDR1 in processing of fibrillar collagen that lead to tissue fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno M. Coelho
- Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Imanaka-Yoshida K, Aoki H. Tenascin-C and mechanotransduction in the development and diseases of cardiovascular system. Front Physiol 2014; 5:283. [PMID: 25120494 PMCID: PMC4114189 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Living tissue is composed of cells and extracellular matrix (ECM). In the heart and blood vessels, which are constantly subjected to mechanical stress, ECM molecules form well-developed fibrous frameworks to maintain tissue structure. ECM is also important for biological signaling, which influences various cellular functions in embryonic development, and physiological/pathological responses to extrinsic stimuli. Among ECM molecules, increased attention has been focused on matricellular proteins. Matricellular proteins are a growing group of non-structural ECM proteins highly up-regulated at active tissue remodeling, serving as biological mediators. Tenascin-C (TNC) is a typical matricellular protein, which is highly expressed during embryonic development, wound healing, inflammation, and cancer invasion. The expression is tightly regulated, dependent on the microenvironment, including various growth factors, cytokines, and mechanical stress. In the heart, TNC appears in a spatiotemporal-restricted manner during early stages of development, sparsely detected in normal adults, but transiently re-expressed at restricted sites associated with tissue injury and inflammation. Similarly, in the vascular system, TNC is strongly up-regulated during embryonic development and under pathological conditions with an increase in hemodynamic stress. Despite its intriguing expression pattern, cardiovascular system develops normally in TNC knockout mice. However, deletion of TNC causes acute aortic dissection (AAD) under strong mechanical and humoral stress. Accumulating reports suggest that TNC may modulate the inflammatory response and contribute to elasticity of the tissue, so that it may protect cardiovascular tissue from destructive stress responses. TNC may be a key molecule to control cellular activity during development, adaptation, or pathological tissue remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu, Japan ; Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology Tsu, Japan
| | - Hiroki Aoki
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kurume University Kurume, Japan
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