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Iksen, Witayateeraporn W, Hardianti B, Pongrakhananon V. Comprehensive review of Bcl-2 family proteins in cancer apoptosis: Therapeutic strategies and promising updates of natural bioactive compounds and small molecules. Phytother Res 2024; 38:2249-2275. [PMID: 38415799 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Cancer has a considerably higher fatality rate than other diseases globally and is one of the most lethal and profoundly disruptive ailments. The increasing incidence of cancer among humans is one of the greatest challenges in the field of healthcare. A significant factor in the initiation and progression of tumorigenesis is the dysregulation of physiological processes governing cell death, which results in the survival of cancerous cells. B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family members play important roles in several cancer-related processes. Drug research and development have identified various promising natural compounds that demonstrate potent anticancer effects by specifically targeting Bcl-2 family proteins and their associated signaling pathways. This comprehensive review highlights the substantial roles of Bcl-2 family proteins in regulating apoptosis, including the intricate signaling pathways governing the activity of these proteins, the impact of reactive oxygen species, and the crucial involvement of proteasome degradation and the stress response. Furthermore, this review discusses advances in the exploration and potential therapeutic applications of natural compounds and small molecules targeting Bcl-2 family proteins and thus provides substantial scientific information and therapeutic strategies for cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iksen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacy, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Senior Medan, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Wasita Witayateeraporn
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Besse Hardianti
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Almarisah Madani University, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
| | - Varisa Pongrakhananon
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Preclinical Toxicity and Efficacy Assessment of Medicines and Chemicals Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Lima TRR, Kohori NA, de Camargo JLV, da Silva CA, Pereira LC. Diuron and its metabolites induce mitochondrial dysfunction-mediated cytotoxicity in urothelial cells. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024; 34:32-45. [PMID: 37664877 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2023.2250430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
In the environment, or during mammalian metabolism, the diuron herbicide (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea) is transformed mainly into 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylurea (DCPMU) and 3,4-dichloroaniline (DCA). Previous research suggests that such substances are toxic to the urothelium of Wistar rats where, under specific exposure conditions, they may induce urothelial cell degeneration, necrosis, hyperplasia, and eventually tumors. However, the intimate mechanisms of action associated with such chemical toxicity are not fully understood. In this context, the purpose of the current in vitro study was to analyze the underlying mechanisms involved in the urothelial toxicity of those chemicals, addressing cell death and the possible role of mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, human 1T1 urothelial cells were exposed to six different concentrations of diuron, DCA, and DCPMU, ranging from 0.5 to 500 µM. The results showed that tested chemicals induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage, cell cycle instability, and cell death, which were more expressive at the higher concentrations of the metabolites. These data corroborate previous studies from this laboratory and, collectively, suggest mitochondrial dysfunction as an initiating event triggering urothelial cell degeneration and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thania Rios Rossi Lima
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil
- Center for Evaluation of Environmental Impact on Human Health (TOXICAM), UNESP, Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Natalia Akemi Kohori
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil
- Center for Evaluation of Environmental Impact on Human Health (TOXICAM), UNESP, Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - João Lauro Viana de Camargo
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil
- Center for Evaluation of Environmental Impact on Human Health (TOXICAM), UNESP, Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Carla Adriene da Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil
- Center for Evaluation of Environmental Impact on Human Health (TOXICAM), UNESP, Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Lilian Cristina Pereira
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil
- Center for Evaluation of Environmental Impact on Human Health (TOXICAM), UNESP, Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agriculture, Botucatu, Brazil
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Ye JN, Su CG, Jiang YQ, Zhou Y, Sun WX, Zheng XX, Miao JT, Li XY, Zhu J. Effects of acupuncture on cartilage p38MAPK and mitochondrial pathways in animal model of knee osteoarthritis: A systematic evaluation and meta-analysis. Front Neurosci 2023; 16:1098311. [PMID: 36711149 PMCID: PMC9875597 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1098311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Most previous studies on acupuncture in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) have focused on improving functional efficacy and safety, while related mechanisms have not been systematically reviewed. Acupuncture modulates cytokines to attenuate cartilage extracellular matrix degradation and apoptosis, key to the pathogenesis of KOA, but the mechanisms are complex. Objectives The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of acupuncture quantitatively and summarily in animal studies of KOA. Methods Nine databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science (including Medline), Cochrane library, Scopus, CNKI, Wan Fang, and VIP were searched to retrieve animal studies on acupuncture interventions in KOA published since the inception of the journal. Relevant literature was screened, and information extracted. Meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.4 and Stata 17.0 software. Results The 35 included studies involved 247 animals, half of which were in acupuncture groups and half in model groups. The mean quality level was 6.7, indicating moderate quality. Meta-analysis showed that acupuncture had the following significant effects on cytokine levels in p38MAPK and mitochondrial pathways: (1) p38MAPK pathway: It significantly inhibits p38MAPK, interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), phosphorylated (p)-p38MAPK, matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), MMP-1, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-5 (ADAMST-5) expression, and significantly increased the expression of collagen II and aggrecan. (2) mitochondrial pathway: It significantly inhibited the expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), cysteine protease-3 (caspase-3), caspase-9, and Cytochrome-c (Cyt-c). And significantly increased the expression of B cell lymphocytoma-2 (Bcl-2). In addition, acupuncture significantly reduced chondrocyte apoptosis, Mankin's score (a measure of cartilage damage), and improved cartilage morphometric characteristics. Conclusion Acupuncture may inhibit cytokine expression in the p38MAPK pathway to attenuate cartilage extracellular matrix degradation, regulate cytokines in the mitochondrial pathway to inhibit chondrocyte apoptosis, and improve cartilage tissue-related phenotypes to delay cartilage degeneration. These findings provide possible explanations for the therapeutic mechanisms and clinical benefits of acupuncture for KOA. Systematic review registration https://inplasy.com, identifier INPLASY20 2290125.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-nan Ye
- School of Acupuncture–Moxibustion and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng-guo Su
- School of Acupuncture–Moxibustion and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-qing Jiang
- School of Acupuncture–Moxibustion and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-xi Sun
- Graduate School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-xia Zheng
- Graduate School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-tao Miao
- School of Acupuncture–Moxibustion and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang-yue Li
- School of Acupuncture–Moxibustion and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- School of Acupuncture–Moxibustion and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Jun Zhu,
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Fuchs C, Schenk MS, Pham L, Cui L, Anderson RR, Tam J. Photobiomodulation Response From 660 nm is Different and More Durable Than That From 980 nm. Lasers Surg Med 2021; 53:1279-1293. [PMID: 33998008 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy uses light at various wavelengths to stimulate wound healing, grow hair, relieve pain, and more-but there is no consensus about optimal wavelengths or dosimetry. PBM therapy works through putative, wavelength-dependent mechanisms including direct stimulation of mitochondrial respiration, and/or activation of transmembrane signaling channels by changes in water activity. A common wavelength used in the visible red spectrum is ~660 nm, whereas recently ~980 nm is being explored and both have been proposed to work via different mechanisms. We aimed to gain more insight into identifying treatment parameters and the putative mechanisms involved. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS Fluence-response curves were measured in cultured keratinocytes and fibroblasts exposed to 660 or 980 nm from LED sources. Metabolic activity was assessed using the MTT assay for reductases. ATP production, a major event triggered by PBM therapy, was assessed using a luminescence assay. To measure the role of mitochondria, we used an ELISA to measure COX-1 and SDH-A protein levels. The respective contributions of cytochrome c oxidase and ATP synthase to the PBM effects were gauged using specific inhibitors. RESULTS Keratinocytes and fibroblasts responded differently to exposures at 660 nm (red) and 980 nm (NIR). Although 980 nm required much lower fluence for cell stimulation, the resulting increase in ATP levels was short-term, whereas 660 nm stimulation elevated ATP levels for at least 24 hours. COX-1 protein levels were increased following 660 nm treatment but were unaffected by 980 nm. In fibroblasts, SDH-A levels were affected by both wavelengths, whereas in keratinocytes only 660 nm light impacted SDH-A levels. Inhibition of ATP synthase nearly completely abolished the effects of both wavelengths on ATP synthesis. Interestingly, inhibiting cytochrome c oxidase did not prevent the rise in ATP levels in response to PBM treatment. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of differing kinetics in response to PBM therapy at red versus NIR wavelength. We also found cell-type-specific differences in PBM therapy response to the two wavelengths studied. These findings confirm that different response pathways are involved after 660 and 980 nm exposures and suggest that 660 nm causes a more durable response. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Fuchs
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.,Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
| | - Merle Sophie Schenk
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
| | - Linh Pham
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
| | - Lian Cui
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
| | - Richard Rox Anderson
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.,Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
| | - Joshua Tam
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.,Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
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Ma Y, Li Y, Zhang H, Wang Y, Wu C, Huang W. Malvidin induces hepatic stellate cell apoptosis via the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway and mitochondrial pathway. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:5095-5106. [PMID: 32994970 PMCID: PMC7500790 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Blueberries have great beneficial effects due to high level of anthocyanins, especially malvidin. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) can be activated and increase excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) components, which play a central role in liver fibrogenesis. Therefore, activated HSC's apoptosis can be induced to recover liver fibrosis. Malvidin's effects on apoptosis in rat activated hepatic stellate T6 cells (HSC-T6) in vitro were investigated here. High concentration of malvidin was found to significantly induce apoptosis, activate caspase-3, increase malondialdehyde, upregulate Bax, but downregulate Bcl-2. Moreover, malvidin upregulated the protein levels of some endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-typical markers, including caspase-12, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein (CHOP), suggesting that malvidin induced HSC apoptosis by the ERS apoptosis pathway as well as the mitochondrial-dependent pathway. These findings indicated that blueberry anthocyanins, especially malvidin, could induce activated hepatic stellate cell apoptosis and might act as one kind of functional food ingredient or a novel nutraceutical beneficial for liver health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Ma
- Institute of Agro‐Product ProcessingJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
| | - Yahui Li
- Institute of Agro‐Product ProcessingJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Hongzhi Zhang
- Institute of Agro‐Product ProcessingJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Agro‐Product ProcessingJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Caie Wu
- College of Light Industry and Food EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Wuyang Huang
- Institute of Agro‐Product ProcessingJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic ImprovementJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
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Rout A, Tantry US, Novakovic M, Sukhi A, Gurbel PA. Targeted pharmacotherapy for ischemia reperfusion injury in acute myocardial infarction. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2020; 21:1851-1865. [PMID: 32659185 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2020.1787987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Achieving reperfusion immediately after acute myocardial infarction improves outcomes; despite this, patients remain at a high risk for mortality and morbidity at least for the first year after the event. Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) has a complex pathophysiology and plays an important role in myocardial tissue injury, repair, and remodeling. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors discuss the various mechanisms and their pharmacological agents currently available for reducing myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). They review important original investigations and trials in various clinical databases for treatments targeting IRI. EXPERT OPINION Encouraging results observed in many preclinical studies failed to show similar success in attenuating myocardial IRI in large-scale clinical trials. Identification of critical risk factors for IRI and targeting them individually rather than one size fits all approach should be the major focus of future research. Various newer therapies like tocilizumab, anakinra, colchicine, revacept, and therapies targeting the reperfusion injury salvage kinase pathway, survivor activating factor enhancement, mitochondrial pathways, and angiopoietin-like peptide 4 hold promise for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Rout
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research and Drug Development, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Lifebridge Health , Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Udaya S Tantry
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research and Drug Development, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Lifebridge Health , Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marko Novakovic
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research and Drug Development, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Lifebridge Health , Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ajaypaul Sukhi
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research and Drug Development, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Lifebridge Health , Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Paul A Gurbel
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research and Drug Development, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Lifebridge Health , Baltimore, MD, USA
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Zhang X, Gan X, E Q, Zhang Q, Ye Y, Cai Y, Han A, Tian M, Wang Y, Wang C, Su L, Liang C. Ameliorative effects of nano-selenium against NiSO 4-induced apoptosis in rat testes. Toxicol Mech Methods 2019; 29:467-477. [PMID: 31050317 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2019.1611979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nickel (Ni) is a common environmental pollutant, which has toxic effects on reproductive system. Nowadays, nano-selenium (Nano-Se) has aroused great attention due to its unique antioxidant effect, excellent biological activities and low toxicity. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effects of Nano-Se on NiSO4-induced testicular injury and apoptosis in rat testes. Nickel sulfate (NiSO4) (5 mg/kg b.w.) was administered intraperitoneally and Nano-Se (0.5, 1, and 2 mg Se/kg b.w., respectively) was given by oral gavage in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Histological changes in the testes were determined by H&E staining. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate the apoptosis in testes. Expression levels of mitochondrial apoptosis-related genes and proteins were analyzed by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The results showed that Nano-Se improved lesions of testicular tissue induced by NiSO4. Nano-Se significantly alleviated NiSO4-induced apoptosis in rat testes, as well as significantly downregulated the Bak, cytochrome c, caspase-9 and caspase-3 and upregulated Bcl-2 expression levels, all of which were involved in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Altogether, we concluded that Nano-Se may potentially exert protective effects on NiSO4-induced testicular injury and attenuate apoptosis, at least partly, via regulating mitochondrial apoptosis pathways in rat testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Zhang
- a Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Xiaoqin Gan
- a Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Qiannan E
- a Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- a Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Yixing Ye
- b Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei , China
| | - Yunyu Cai
- b Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei , China
| | - Aijie Han
- a Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Minmin Tian
- a Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- a Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Caixia Wang
- a Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Li Su
- a Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Changhao Liang
- b Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei , China
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