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Zhang L, Zhang G, Qu H, Todarwal Y, Wang Y, Norman P, Linares M, Surin M, Zhang HJ, Lin J, Jiang YB. Naphthodithiophene Diimide Based Chiral π-Conjugated Nanopillar Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24543-24548. [PMID: 34291529 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, structures, and properties of [4]cyclonaphthodithiophene diimides ([4]C-NDTIs) are described. NDTIs as important n-type building blocks were catenated in the α-positions of thiophene rings via an unusual electrochemical-oxidation-promoted macrocyclization route. The thiophene-thiophene junction in [4]C-NDTIs results in an ideal pillar shape. This interesting topology, along with appealing electronic and optical properties inherited from the NDTI units, endows the [4]C-NDTIs with both near-infrared (NIR) light absorptions, strong excitonic coupling, and tight encapsulation of C60 . Stable orientations of the NDTI units in the nanopillars lead to stable inherent chirality, which enables detailed circular dichroism studies on the impact of isomeric structures on π-conjugation. Remarkably, the [4]C-NDTIs maintain the strong π-π stacking abilities of NDTI units and thus adopt two-dimensional (2D) lattice arrays at the molecular level. These nanopillar molecules have great potential to mimic natural photosynthetic systems for the development of multifunctional organic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Guilan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hang Qu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yogesh Todarwal
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Patrick Norman
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mathieu Linares
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Scientific Visualization Group, ITN, Campus Norrköping, Swedish e-Science Research Centre (SeRC), Linköping University, 58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mathieu Surin
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Centre of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons-UMONS, 20 Place du Parc, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Hui-Jun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jianbin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yun-Bao Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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Ran H, Duan X, Zheng R, Xie F, Chen L, Zhao Z, Han R, Lei Z, Hu JY. Two Isomeric Azulene-Decorated Naphthodithiophene Diimide-based Triads: Molecular Orbital Distribution Controls Polarity Change of OFETs Through Connection Position. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:23225-23235. [PMID: 32252522 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Altering the charge carrier transport polarities of organic semiconductors by molecular orbital distribution has gained great interest. Herein, we report two isomeric azulene-decorated naphthodithiophene diimide (NDTI)-based triads (e.g., NDTI-B2Az and NDTI-B6Az), in which two azulene units were connected with NDTI at the 2-position of the azulene ring in NDTI-B2Az, whereas two azulene units were incorporated with NDTI at the 6-position of the azulene ring in NDTI-B6Az. The two isomeric triads were excellently soluble in common organic solvents. Density functional theory calculations on the molecular orbital distributions of the triads reveal that the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals are completely delocalized over the entire molecule for both NDTI-B2Az and NDTI-B6Az, indicating great potential for n-type transport behavior, whereas the highest occupied molecular orbitals are mainly delocalized over the entire molecule for NDTI-B2Az or only localized at the two terminal azulene units for NDTI-B6Az, implying great potential for p-type transport behavior for the former and a disadvantage of hole carrier transport for the latter. Under ambient conditions, solution-processed bottom-gate top-contact transistors based on NDTI-B2Az showed ambipolar field-effect transistor (FET) characteristics with high electron and hole mobilities of 0.32 (effective electron mobility ≈0.14 cm2 V-1 s-1 according to a reliability factor of 43%) and 0.03 cm2 V-1 s-1 (effective hole mobility ≈0.01 cm2 V-1 s-1 according to a reliability factor of 33%), respectively, whereas a typically unipolar n-channel behavior is found for a film of NDTI-B6Az with a high electron mobility up to 0.13 cm2 V-1 s-1 (effective electron mobility ≈0.06 cm2 V-1 s-1 according to a reliability factor of 43%). The results indicate that the polarity change of organic FETs based on the two isomeric triads could be controlled by the molecular orbital distributions through the connection position between the azulene unit and NDTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Ran
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
| | - Xuewei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
| | - Rong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
| | - Fuli Xie
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
| | - Ruijun Han
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
| | - Zheng Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
| | - Jian-Yong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
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