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Leong DW, Komen JC, Hewitt CA, Arnaud E, McKenzie M, Phipson B, Bahlo M, Laskowski A, Kinkel SA, Davey GM, Heath WR, Voss AK, Zahedi RP, Pitt JJ, Chrast R, Sickmann A, Ryan MT, Smyth GK, Thorburn DR, Scott HS. Proteomic and metabolomic analyses of mitochondrial complex I-deficient mouse model generated by spontaneous B2 short interspersed nuclear element (SINE) insertion into NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 4 ( Ndufs4) gene. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:20652-63. [PMID: 22535952 PMCID: PMC3370248 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.327601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells generate energy in the form of ATP, through a network of mitochondrial complexes and electron carriers known as the oxidative phosphorylation system. In mammals, mitochondrial complex I (CI) is the largest component of this system, comprising 45 different subunits encoded by mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. Humans diagnosed with mutations in the gene NDUFS4, encoding a nuclear DNA-encoded subunit of CI (NADH dehydrogenase ubiquinone Fe-S protein 4), typically suffer from Leigh syndrome, a neurodegenerative disease with onset in infancy or early childhood. Mitochondria from NDUFS4 patients usually lack detectable NDUFS4 protein and show a CI stability/assembly defect. Here, we describe a recessive mouse phenotype caused by the insertion of a transposable element into Ndufs4, identified by a novel combined linkage and expression analysis. Designated Ndufs4(fky), the mutation leads to aberrant transcript splicing and absence of NDUFS4 protein in all tissues tested of homozygous mice. Physical and behavioral symptoms displayed by Ndufs4(fky/fky) mice include temporary fur loss, growth retardation, unsteady gait, and abnormal body posture when suspended by the tail. Analysis of CI in Ndufs4(fky/fky) mice using blue native PAGE revealed the presence of a faster migrating crippled complex. This crippled CI was shown to lack subunits of the "N assembly module", which contains the NADH binding site, but contained two assembly factors not present in intact CI. Metabolomic analysis of the blood by tandem mass spectrometry showed increased hydroxyacylcarnitine species, implying that the CI defect leads to an imbalanced NADH/NAD(+) ratio that inhibits mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jasper C. Komen
- the Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | | | - Estelle Arnaud
- the Département de Génétique Médicale, Université de Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthew McKenzie
- the Centre for Reproduction and Development, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Belinda Phipson
- Bioinformatics Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Melanie Bahlo
- Bioinformatics Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Adrienne Laskowski
- the Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Sarah A. Kinkel
- From the Molecular Medicine Division
- Immunology Division, and
- the Department of Medical Biology and
| | | | | | - Anne K. Voss
- From the Molecular Medicine Division
- the Department of Medical Biology and
| | - René P. Zahedi
- the Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - James J. Pitt
- VCGS Pathology, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Roman Chrast
- the Département de Génétique Médicale, Université de Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Albert Sickmann
- the Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- the Medizinisches Proteom Center, Ruhr-Universität-Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael T. Ryan
- the Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia, and
| | - Gordon K. Smyth
- Bioinformatics Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- the Department of Medical Biology and
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - David R. Thorburn
- the Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Hamish S. Scott
- From the Molecular Medicine Division
- the Department of Medical Biology and
- the Department of Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Box 14 Rundle Mall Post Office, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia, and
- the Schools of Medicine and Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
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