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Acero N, Ortega T, Villagrasa V, Leon G, Muñoz-Mingarro D, Castillo E, González-Rosende ME, Borrás S, Rios JL, Bosch-Morell F, Martínez-Solís I. Phytotherapeutic alternatives for neurodegenerative dementias: Scientific review, discussion and therapeutic proposal. Phytother Res 2023; 37:1176-1211. [PMID: 36690605 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of age-related neurodegenerative dementias have been increasing. There is no curative therapy and conventional drug treatment can cause problems for patients. Medicinal plants traditionally used for problems associated with ageing are emerging as a therapeutic resource. The main aim is to give a proposal for use and future research based on scientific knowledge and tradition. A literature search was conducted in several searchable databases. The keywords used were related to neurodegenerative dementias, ageing and medicinal plants. Boolean operators and filters were used to focus the search. As a result, there is current clinical and preclinical scientific information on 49 species used in traditional medicine for ageing-related problems, including neurodegenerative dementias. There are preclinical and clinical scientific evidences on their properties against protein aggregates in the central nervous system and their effects on neuroinflammation, apoptosis dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, gabaergic, glutamatergic and dopaminergic systems alterations, monoamine oxidase alterations, serotonin depletion and oestrogenic protection. In conclusion, the potential therapeutic effect of the different medicinal plants depends on the type of neurodegenerative dementia and its stage of development, but more clinical and preclinical research is needed to find better, safer and more effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Acero
- Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Pharmacy Faculty, San Pablo-CEU University, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Ortega
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Villagrasa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gemma Leon
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dolores Muñoz-Mingarro
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Pharmacy Faculty, San Pablo-CEU University, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Encarna Castillo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Eugenia González-Rosende
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Silvia Borrás
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Rios
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Bosch-Morell
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Martínez-Solís
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain.,ICBiBE-Botanical Garden, University of Valencia, Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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2
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Zeng P, Liu YC, Wang XM, Ye CY, Sun YW, Su HF, Qiu SW, Li YN, Wang Y, Wang YC, Ma J, Li M, Tian Q. Targets and mechanisms of Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel fruits in treating neurodegenerative dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1013891. [PMID: 36533181 PMCID: PMC9749063 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1013891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The dried and ripe fruits of Alpinia oxyphylla and ripe fruits of Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel (AO) have the effects of tonifying kidney-essence and nourishing intelligence and thus have been widely used in treating dementia. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a typical form of neurodegenerative dementia with kidney-essence deficiency in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). So far, there is a lack of systematic studies on the biological basis of tonifying kidney-essence and nourishing intelligence and the corresponding phytochemicals. In this study, we investigated the targets of AO in tonifying kidney-essence and nourishing intelligence based on the key pathophysiological processes of neurodegenerative dementia. According to ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry data and Lipinski's rule of five, 49 bioactive phytochemicals from AO were identified, and 26 of them were found to target 168 key molecules in the treatment of neurodegenerative dementia. Nine phytochemicals of AO were shown to target acetylcholinesterase (ACHE), and 19 phytochemicals were shown to target butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE). A database of neurodegenerative dementia with kidney-essence deficiency involving 731 genes was constructed. Furthermore, yakuchinone B, 5-hydroxy-1,7-bis (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) heptan-3-one (5-HYD), oxyhylladiketone, oxyphyllacinol, butyl-β-D-fructopyranoside, dibutyl phthalate, chrysin, yakuchinone A, rhamnetin, and rhamnocitrin were identified as the key phytochemicals from AO that regulate the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative dementia in a multitargeted manner. The approach of studying the pharmacological mechanism underlying the effects of medicinal plants and the biological basis of TCM syndrome may be helpful in studying the translation of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease of National Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yuan-Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease of National Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease of National Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao-Yuan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease of National Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-Wen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease of National Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Fei Su
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease of National Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuo-Wen Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease of National Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Nan Li
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Wang
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan-Chun Wang
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Man Li
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease of National Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease of National Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Mei F, Hu J, Wu Z, Zhang G, Liu A, Li X, Zhu M, Gan Y, Liang L, Zhao X, Yuan Y, Meng X, Li Y, Jin Y, Jia J, Yin Y. FAM69C, a kinase critical for synaptic function and memory, is defective in neurodegenerative dementia. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111101. [PMID: 35858575 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Synapse loss and memory decline are the primary features of neurodegenerative dementia. However, the molecular underpinnings that drive memory loss remain largely unknown. Here, we report that FAM69C is a kinase critically involved in neurodegenerative dementia. Biochemical analyses uncover that FAM69C is a serine/threonine kinase. We generate the Fam69c knockout mice and show by single-cell RNA sequencing that FAM69C deficiency drives cell-type-specific transcriptional changes relevant to synapse dysfunction. Electrophysiological, morphological, and behavioral experiments demonstrate impairments in synaptic plasticity, dendritic spine density, and memory in Fam69c knockout mice, as well as stress-induced neuronal death. Phosphoproteomic characterizations reveal that FAM69C substrates are involved in synaptic structure and function. Finally, reduced levels of FAM69C are found in postmortem brains of Alzheimer's disease patients. Our study demonstrates that FAM69C is a protective regulator of memory and suggests FAM69C as a potential therapeutic target for memory loss in neurodegenerative dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Mei
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiapan Hu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Institute of Precision Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhongyan Wu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guangze Zhang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Anhang Liu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Minglu Zhu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yangyang Gan
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ling Liang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xuyang Zhao
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuyao Yuan
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiangyan Meng
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Li
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jianping Jia
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Yuxin Yin
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Institute of Precision Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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4
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Brunetti D, Catania A, Viscomi C, Deleidi M, Bindoff LA, Ghezzi D, Zeviani M. Role of PITRM1 in Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9070833. [PMID: 34356897 PMCID: PMC8301332 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence shows a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer Disease. Increased oxidative stress, defective mitodynamics, and impaired oxidative phosphorylation leading to decreased ATP production, can determine synaptic dysfunction, apoptosis, and neurodegeneration. Furthermore, mitochondrial proteostasis and the protease-mediated quality control system, carrying out degradation of potentially toxic peptides and misfolded or damaged proteins inside mitochondria, are emerging as potential pathogenetic mechanisms. The enzyme pitrilysin metallopeptidase 1 (PITRM1) is a key player in these processes; it is responsible for degrading mitochondrial targeting sequences that are cleaved off from the imported precursor proteins and for digesting a mitochondrial fraction of amyloid beta (Aβ). In this review, we present current evidence obtained from patients with PITRM1 mutations, as well as the different cellular and animal models of PITRM1 deficiency, which points toward PITRM1 as a possible driving factor of several neurodegenerative conditions. Finally, we point out the prospect of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Brunetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy;
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alessia Catania
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy;
| | - Carlo Viscomi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Michela Deleidi
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Laurence A. Bindoff
- Neuro-SysMed, Center of Excellence for Clinical Research in Neurological Diseases, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway;
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Daniele Ghezzi
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.G.); (M.Z.)
| | - Massimo Zeviani
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.G.); (M.Z.)
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Kim JH, Lee HS, Wee JH, Kim YH, Min CY, Yoo DM, Choi HG. Association between Previous Statin Use and Alzheimer's Disease: A Nested Case-Control Study Using a National Health Screening Cohort. Brain Sci 2021; 11:396. [PMID: 33804752 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11030396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of studies report the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in patients taking statins, but the results are inconsistent. (1) Background: The present study investigated the cross-sectional association between previous statin use and the risk of AD development in Korean residents. (2) Methods: We used the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort; 17,172 AD patients were matched by age, gender, income, and region of residence with 68,688 control participants at a ratio of 1:4. We used a multiple conditional logistic regression model to analyse the association between the number of days of statin use and AD occurrence. Further analyses were performed to identify whether this association is maintained for different ages, genders, socioeconomic status groups, and covariates. (3) Results: The odds ratio, which was adjusted for potential confounders, for the days of statin use per year in the AD group compared to the control group was 0.95 (95% confidence interval = 0.92–0.98; p = 0.003). The number of days of statin use in the AD group was significantly smaller in the subgroups of non-smokers and individuals with normal weight, alcohol consumption less than once a week, total cholesterol level below 200 mg/dL, systolic blood pressure below 140, diastolic blood pressure below 90, and fasting blood glucose below 100 mg/dL. (4) Conclusions: Our results suggest that statin use prevents the occurrence of AD. The effects of statin use in preventing AD may be greater in individuals at relatively low risk.
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Tuna G, Yener GG, Oktay G, İşlekel GH, Kİrkalİ FG. Evaluation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and -9 (MMP-9) and Their Tissue Inhibitors (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2) in Plasma from Patients with Neurodegenerative Dementia. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 66:1265-1273. [PMID: 30412498 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are substantial regulators of learning and memory and might be involved in neurodegeneration. It is known that MMPs are involved in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and are particularly involved in the amyloid-β processing pathway. However, information on circulating levels of these proteins and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) in AD and other neurodegenerative dementia (ND) diseases such as dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is not clear. Therefore, this study was directed toward finding out how plasma levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 vary in AD, DLB, and FTD; and investigating the correlation of the levels of MMPs and their inhibitors with clinical parameters of the patients. MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Plasma MMP-2 levels were significantly lower in all the patient groups than in the age-matched healthy controls (HCs) (p < 0.05). MMP-9 levels were significantly lower in the FTD patients than in the HCs (p < 0.05). Also, TIMP-1 levels were lower in the AD and FTD patients than in the HCs (p < 0.05). TIMP-2 levels were similar in all the groups. These findings highlight the importance of circulating MMPs in ND and suggest that MMPs and their inhibitors might play a role in impaired amyloid-β peptide metabolism which is responsible for the genesis and progression of ND. Furthermore, measurement of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and their inhibitors may be of great importance for large scale basic research and clinical studies of ND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Tuna
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Görsev Gülmen Yener
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.,Brain Dynamics Multidisciplinary Research Center, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.,Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gülgün Oktay
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gül Hüray İşlekel
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fatoş Güldal Kİrkalİ
- Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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7
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Baiardi S, Capellari S, Bartoletti Stella A, Parchi P. Unusual Clinical Presentations Challenging the Early Clinical Diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 64:1051-1065. [PMID: 30010123 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of prion RT-QuIC, an ultrasensitive specific assay for the in vivo detection of the abnormal prion protein, has significantly increased the potential for an early and accurate clinical diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). However, in the clinical setting, the early identification of patients with possible CJD is often challenging. Indeed, CJD patients may present with isolated symptoms that remain the only clinical manifestation for some time, or with neurological syndromes atypical for CJD. To enhance awareness of unusual disease presentations and promote earlier diagnosis, we reviewed the entire spectrum of atypical early manifestations of CJD, mainly reported to date as case descriptions or small case series. They included sensory either visual or auditory disturbances, seizures, isolated psychiatric manifestations, atypical parkinsonian syndromes (corticobasal syndrome, progressive supranuclear palsy-like), pseudobulbar syndrome, isolated involuntary movements (dystonia, myoclonus, chorea, blepharospasm), acute or subacute onsets mimicking a stroke, isolated aphasia, and neuropathy. Since CJD is a rare disease and its clinical course rapidly progressive, an in-depth understanding and awareness of early clinical features are mandatory to enhance the overall diagnostic accuracy in its very early stages and to recruit optimal candidates for future therapeutic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Baiardi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabina Capellari
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Piero Parchi
- IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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8
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Llorens F, Villar-Piqué A, Schmitz M, Diaz-Lucena D, Wohlhage M, Hermann P, Goebel S, Schmidt I, Glatzel M, Hauw JJ, Sikorska B, Liberski PP, Riggert J, Ferrer I, Zerr I. Plasma total prion protein as a potential biomarker for neurodegenerative dementia: diagnostic accuracy in the spectrum of prion diseases. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2019; 46:240-254. [PMID: 31216593 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In the search for blood-based biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases, we characterized the concentration of total prion protein (t-PrP) in the plasma of neurodegenerative dementias. We aimed to assess its accuracy in this differential diagnostic context. METHODS Plasma t-PrP was measured in 520 individuals including healthy controls (HC) and patients diagnosed with neurological disease control (ND), Alzheimer's disease (AD), sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Lewy body dementia (LBD) and vascular dementia (VaD). Additionally, t-PrP was quantified in genetic prion diseases and iatrogenic CJD. The accuracy of t-PrP discriminating the diagnostic groups was evaluated and correlated with demographic, genetic and clinical data in prion diseases. Markers of blood-brain barrier impairment were investigated in sCJD brains. RESULTS Compared to HC and ND, elevated plasma t-PrP concentrations were detected in sCJD, followed by FTD, AD, VaD and LBD. In sCJD, t-PrP was associated neither with age nor sex, but with codon 129 PRNP genotype. Plasma t-PrP concentrations correlated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers of neuro-axonal damage, but not with CSF t-PrP. In genetic prion diseases, plasma t-PrP was elevated in all type of mutations investigated. In sCJD brain tissue, extravasation of immunoglobulin G and the presence of swollen astrocytic end-feet around the vessels suggested leakage of blood-brain barrier as a potential source of increased plasma t-PrP. CONCLUSIONS Plasma t-PrP is elevated in prion diseases regardless of aetiology. This pilot study opens the possibility to consider plasma t-PrP as a promising blood-based biomarker in the diagnostic of prion disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Llorens
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, Ministry of Health, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Department of Neurology, University Medical School, Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Villar-Piqué
- Department of Neurology, University Medical School, Göttingen, Germany
| | - M Schmitz
- Department of Neurology, University Medical School, Göttingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - D Diaz-Lucena
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, Ministry of Health, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - M Wohlhage
- Department of Neurology, University Medical School, Göttingen, Germany
| | - P Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University Medical School, Göttingen, Germany
| | - S Goebel
- Department of Neurology, University Medical School, Göttingen, Germany
| | - I Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, University Medical School, Göttingen, Germany
| | - M Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - J-J Hauw
- Centre national de référence des ATNC, Paris, France
| | - B Sikorska
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - P P Liberski
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - J Riggert
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Medical School, Göttingen, Germany
| | - I Ferrer
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, Ministry of Health, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Zerr
- Department of Neurology, University Medical School, Göttingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
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9
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Baiardi S, Rossi M, Capellari S, Parchi P. Recent advances in the histo-molecular pathology of human prion disease. Brain Pathol 2019; 29:278-300. [PMID: 30588685 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are progressive neurodegenerative disorders affecting humans and other mammalian species. The term prion, originally put forward to propose the concept that a protein could be infectious, refers to PrPSc , a misfolded isoform of the cellular prion protein (PrPC ) that represents the pathogenetic hallmark of these disorders. The discovery that other proteins characterized by misfolding and seeded aggregation can spread from cell to cell, similarly to PrPSc , has increased interest in prion diseases. Among neurodegenerative disorders, however, prion diseases distinguish themselves for the broader phenotypic spectrum, the fastest disease progression and the existence of infectious forms that can be transmitted through the exposure to diseased tissues via ingestion, injection or transplantation. The main clinicopathological phenotypes of human prion disease include Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, by far the most common, fatal insomnia, variably protease-sensitive prionopathy, and Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease. However, clinicopathological manifestations extend even beyond those predicted by this classification. Because of their transmissibility, the phenotypic diversity of prion diseases can also be propagated into syngenic hosts as prion strains with distinct characteristics, such as incubation period, pattern of PrPSc distribution and regional severity of histopathological changes in the brain. Increasing evidence indicates that different PrPSc conformers, forming distinct ordered aggregates, encipher the phenotypic variants related to prion strains. In this review, we summarize the most recent advances concerning the histo-molecular pathology of human prion disease focusing on the phenotypic spectrum of the disease including co-pathologies, the characterization of prion strains by experimental transmission and their correlation with the physicochemical properties of PrPSc aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Baiardi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcello Rossi
- IRCCS, Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabina Capellari
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS, Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Piero Parchi
- IRCCS, Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Franceschini A, Strammiello R, Capellari S, Giese A, Parchi P. Regional pattern of microgliosis in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in relation to phenotypic variants and disease progression. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2018; 44:574-589. [PMID: 29345730 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to describe the regional profiles of microglial activation in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) subtypes and analyse the influence of prion strain, disease duration and codon 129 genotype. METHODS We studied the amount/severity and distribution of activated microglia, protease-resistant prion protein (PrPSc ) spongiform change, and astrogliosis in eight regions of 57 brains, representative of the entire spectrum of sCJD subtypes. RESULTS In each individual subtype, the regional extent and distribution of microgliosis significantly correlated with PrPSc deposition and spongiform change, leading to subtype-specific 'lesion profiles'. However, large differences in the ratio between PrPSc load or the score of spongiform change and microglial activation were seen among disease subtypes. Most significantly, atypical sCJD subtypes such as VV1 and MM2T showed a degree of microglial activation comparable to other disease variants despite the relatively low PrPSc deposition and the less severe spongiform change. Moreover, the mean microglial total load was significantly higher in subtype MM1 than in MM2C, whereas the opposite was true for the PrPSc and spongiform change total loads. Finally, some sCJD subtypes showed distinctive regional cerebellar profiles of microgliosis characterized by a high granular/molecular layer ratio (MV2K) and/or a predominant involvement of white matter (MVK and MM2T). CONCLUSIONS Microglial activation is an early event in sCJD pathogenesis and is strongly influenced by prion strain, PRNP codon 129 genotype and disease duration. Microglial lesion profiling, by highlighting strain-specific properties of prions, contributes to prion strain characterization and classification of human prion diseases, and represents a valid support to molecular and histopathologic typing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Franceschini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - R Strammiello
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Capellari
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Giese
- Institut für Neuropathologie und Prion Forschung, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - P Parchi
- IRCCS, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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11
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Bonda C, Kolikonda MK, Brown ME, Lippmann S. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis with Frontotemporal Dementia in the Presence of C9orf72 Repeat Expansion-A Case Report. Innov Clin Neurosci 2016; 13:37-39. [PMID: 27413586 PMCID: PMC4896828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia are significant neurodegenerative illnesses with possible genetic predispositions. The C9orf72 gene and the GGGGCC repeat expansions of it are reported to have a causative role in the expression of these conditions. We report a case of a patient with autosomal dominant amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (ALS-FTD) in the presence of C9orf72 repeat expansion. We believe our case further supports the theory that the presence of C9orf72 repeat expansion in patients with a family history of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and/or frontotemporal dementia significantly increases their risk of developing either or both diseases. The development of antisense oligonucleotides that might target GGGGCC RNA sequences theoretically may have a therapeutic role in mitigating the clinical expression of these illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaitanya Bonda
- Drs. Bonda and Brown are with the Department of Neurology and Drs. Kolikonda and Lippman are with the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Louisville School of Medicine in Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Murali K Kolikonda
- Drs. Bonda and Brown are with the Department of Neurology and Drs. Kolikonda and Lippman are with the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Louisville School of Medicine in Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Martin E Brown
- Drs. Bonda and Brown are with the Department of Neurology and Drs. Kolikonda and Lippman are with the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Louisville School of Medicine in Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Steven Lippmann
- Drs. Bonda and Brown are with the Department of Neurology and Drs. Kolikonda and Lippman are with the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Louisville School of Medicine in Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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12
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Taipa R, Pinho J, Melo-Pires M. Clinico-pathological correlations of the most common neurodegenerative dementias. Front Neurol 2012; 3:68. [PMID: 22557993 PMCID: PMC3340570 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2012.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative dementias are a group of neurological disorders characterized by deterioration in several cognitive domains in which there is selective and progressive loss of specific populations of neurons. The precise neurobiological basis for the different neurodegenerative dementias remains unknown. It is expected that different pathologies reflect different mechanisms, at least early in the neurodegeneration process. The next decades promise treatments directed to causes and mechanisms, bringing an outstanding challenge to clinicians due to heterogeneous clinical presentations with the same molecular pathology. The purpose of this brief review is to describe the key neuropathological features of the most common neurodegenerative dementias (Alzheimer disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson’s disease dementia, and frontotemporal lobar degeneration) and the relationship with the clinical syndromes described in clinico-pathological studies. We expect this overview contributes for the understanding of this broad topic integrating the two ends of the spectrum: clinical and pathological.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Taipa
- Neuropathology Unit, Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar do Porto Porto, Portugal
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