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Li H, Sung HH, Huang YC, Cheng YJ, Yeh HF, Pi H, Giniger E, Chien CT. Fringe-positive Golgi outposts unite temporal Furin 2 convertase activity and spatial Delta signal to promote dendritic branch retraction. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111372. [PMID: 36130510 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Golgi outposts (GOPs) in dendrites are known for their role in promoting branch extension, but whether GOPs have other functions is unclear. We found that terminal branches of Drosophila class IV dendritic arborization (C4da) neurons actively grow during the early third-instar (E3) larval stage but retract in the late third (L3) stage. Interestingly, the Fringe (Fng) glycosyltransferase localizes increasingly at GOPs in distal dendritic regions through the E3 to the L3 stage. Expression of the endopeptidase Furin 2 (Fur2), which proteolyzes and inactivates Fng, decreases from E3 to L3 in C4da neurons, thereby increasing Fng-positive GOPs in dendrites. The epidermal Delta ligand and neuronal Notch receptor, the substrate for Fng-mediated O-glycosylation, also negatively regulate dendrite growth. Fng inhibits actin dynamics in dendrites, linking dendritic branch retraction to suppression of the C4da-mediated thermal nociception response in late larval stages. Thus, Fng-positive GOPs function in dendrite retraction, which would add another function to the repertoire of GOPs in dendrite arborization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsun Li
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ho Sung
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Huang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ju Cheng
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Fong Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Haiwei Pi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Edward Giniger
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cheng-Ting Chien
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
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Ojha R, Tantray I, Rimal S, Mitra S, Cheshier S, Lu B. Regulation of reverse electron transfer at mitochondrial complex I by unconventional Notch action in cancer stem cells. Dev Cell 2022; 57:260-276.e9. [PMID: 35077680 PMCID: PMC8852348 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic flexibility is a hallmark of many cancers where mitochondrial respiration is critically involved, but the molecular underpinning of mitochondrial control of cancer metabolic reprogramming is poorly understood. Here, we show that reverse electron transfer (RET) through respiratory chain complex I (RC-I) is particularly active in brain cancer stem cells (CSCs). Although RET generates ROS, NAD+/NADH ratio turns out to be key in mediating RET effect on CSC proliferation, in part through the NAD+-dependent Sirtuin. Mechanistically, Notch acts in an unconventional manner to regulate RET by interacting with specific RC-I proteins containing electron-transporting Fe-S clusters and NAD(H)-binding sites. Genetic and pharmacological interference of Notch-mediated RET inhibited CSC growth in Drosophila brain tumor and mouse glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) models. Our results identify Notch as a regulator of RET and RET-induced NAD+/NADH balance, a critical mechanism of metabolic reprogramming and a metabolic vulnerability of cancer that may be exploited for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rani Ojha
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Ishaq Tantray
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Suman Rimal
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Siddhartha Mitra
- Stem Cell Institute and Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplant, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sam Cheshier
- Stem Cell Institute and Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA,Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Bingwei Lu
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA,Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA,Lead Contact,Correspondence:
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