Nonwoven Textiles from Hyaluronan for Wound Healing Applications

Nonwoven textiles are used extensively in the field of medicine, including wound healing, but these textiles are mostly from conventional nondegradable materials, e.g., cotton or synthetic polymers such as polypropylene. Therefore, we aimed to develop nonwoven textiles from hyaluronan (HA), a biocompatible, biodegradable and nontoxic polysaccharide naturally present in the human body. For this purpose, we used a process based on wet spinning HA into a nonstationary coagulation bath combined with the wet-laid textile technology. The obtained HA nonwoven textiles are soft, flexible and paper like. Their mechanical properties, handling and hydration depend on the microscale fibre structure, which is tuneable by selected process parameters. Cell viability testing on two relevant cell lines (3T3, HaCaT) demonstrated that the textiles are not cytotoxic, while the monocyte activation test ruled out pyrogenicity. Biocompatibility, biodegradability and their high capacity for moisture absorption make HA nonwoven textiles a promising material for applications in the field of wound healing, both for topical and internal use. The beneficial effect of HA in the process of wound healing is well known and the form of a nonwoven textile should enable convenient handling and application to various types of wounds.

Composite Hemostatic Nonwoven Textiles Based on Hyaluronic Acid, Cellulose, and Etamsylate

The achievement of rapid hemostasis represents a long-term trend in hemostatic research. Specifically, composite materials are now the focus of attention, based on the given issues and required properties. In urology, different materials are used to achieve fast and effective hemostasis. Additionally, it is desirable to exert a positive influence on local tissue reaction. In this study, three nonwoven textiles prepared by a wet spinning method and based on a combination of hyaluronic acid with either oxidized cellulose or carboxymethyl cellulose, along with the addition of etamsylate, were introduced and assessed in vivo using the rat partial nephrectomy model. A significantly shorter time to hemostasis in seconds (p < 0.05), was attributed to the effect of the carboxymethyl cellulose material. The addition of etamsylate did not noticeably contribute to further hemostasis, but its application strengthened the structure and therefore significantly improved the effect on local changes, while also facilitating any manipulation by the surgeons. Specifically, the hyaluronic acid supported the tissue healing and regeneration, and ensured the favorable results of the histological analysis. Moreover, the prepared textiles proved their bioresorbability after a three-day period. In brief, the fabrics yielded favorable hemostatic activity, bioresorbability, non-irritability, and had a beneficial effect on the tissue repair.

Preparation of Filtration Sorptive Materials from Nanofibers, Bicofibers, and Textile Adsorbents without Binders Employment

The article deals with the preparation and possibilities of using combined filtration sorption systems usable for the construction of folded filters or respirators. The studied materials are made of several structural layers-a filter membrane made of polymeric nanofibers, an adsorbent containing active carbon or porous silicon dioxide nanofibers, and a supporting or cover nonwoven bicomponent fabric. The layers are connected only by pressure at an elevated temperature without the use of binders, according to utility model PUV 31 375. The result is a compact fabric material of textile character with a high permeability, good mechanical resistance, which effectively catches the submicron particles and the gases of the organic substances. The prepared samples of the filter sorptive material have been evaluated not only from the point of view of morphology and microstructure, but also from the point of view of the capture of pollutants.