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Xia J, Guo Y, Lv Z, Sun J, Zheng G, Zhang Q. Visible Light-Mediated Monofluoromethylation/Acylation of Olefins by Dual Organo-Catalysis. Molecules 2024; 29:790. [PMID: 38398543 PMCID: PMC10892033 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Monofluoromethyl (CH2F) motifs exhibit unique bioactivities and are considered privileged units in drug discovery. The radical monofluoromethylative difunctionalization of alkenes stands out as an appealing approach to access CH2F-containing compounds. However, this strategy remains largely underdeveloped, particularly under metal-free conditions. In this study, we report on visible light-mediated three-component monofluoromethylation/acylation of styrene derivatives employing NHC and organic photocatalyst dual catalysis. A diverse array of α-aryl-β-monofluoromethyl ketones was successfully synthesized with excellent functional group tolerance and selectivity. The mild and metal-free CH2F radical generation strategy from NaSO2CFH2 holds potential for further applications in fluoroalkyl radical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuli Xia
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Molecule Design & Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (J.X.); (Z.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Yunliang Guo
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China;
| | - Zhiguang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Molecule Design & Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (J.X.); (Z.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Jiaqiong Sun
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China;
| | - Guangfan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Molecule Design & Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (J.X.); (Z.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Molecule Design & Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (J.X.); (Z.L.); (Q.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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Sneha M, Thornton GL, Lewis-Borrell L, Ryder ASH, Espley SG, Clark IP, Cresswell AJ, Grayson MN, Orr-Ewing AJ. Photoredox-HAT Catalysis for Primary Amine α-C-H Alkylation: Mechanistic Insight with Transient Absorption Spectroscopy. ACS Catal 2023; 13:8004-8013. [PMID: 37342833 PMCID: PMC10278065 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c01474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
The synergistic use of (organo)photoredox catalysts with hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) cocatalysts has emerged as a powerful strategy for innate C(sp3)-H bond functionalization, particularly for C-H bonds α- to nitrogen. Azide ion (N3-) was recently identified as an effective HAT catalyst for the challenging α-C-H alkylation of unprotected, primary alkylamines, in combination with dicyanoarene photocatalysts such as 1,2,3,5-tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)-4,6-dicyanobenzene (4CzIPN). Here, time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy over sub-picosecond to microsecond timescales provides kinetic and mechanistic details of the photoredox catalytic cycle in acetonitrile solution. Direct observation of the electron transfer from N3- to photoexcited 4CzIPN reveals the participation of the S1 excited electronic state of the organic photocatalyst as an electron acceptor, but the N3• radical product of this reaction is not observed. Instead, both time-resolved infrared and UV-visible spectroscopic measurements implicate rapid association of N3• with N3- (a favorable process in acetonitrile) to form the N6•- radical anion. Electronic structure calculations indicate that N3• is the active participant in the HAT reaction, suggesting a role for N6•- as a reservoir that regulates the concentration of N3•.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahima Sneha
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Georgia L. Thornton
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K.
| | - Luke Lewis-Borrell
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K.
| | - Alison S. H. Ryder
- Centre
for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University
of Bath, 1 South, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | - Samuel G. Espley
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, 1 South, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | - Ian P. Clark
- Central
Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, Science and Technology
Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K.
| | - Alexander J. Cresswell
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, 1 South, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | - Matthew N. Grayson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, 1 South, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | - Andrew J. Orr-Ewing
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K.
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Kim M, Hong S, Jeong J, Hong S. Visible-Light-Active Coumarin- and Quinolinone-Based Photocatalysts and Their Applications in Chemical Transformations. CHEM REC 2023:e202200267. [PMID: 36627191 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic dyes have been actively studied as useful photocatalysts because they allow access to versatile structural flexibility and green synthetic applications. The identification of a new class of robust organic chromophores is, therefore, in high demand to increase structural diversity and variability. Although coumarins and quinolinones have long been acknowledged as organic chromophores, their ability to participate in photoinduced transformations is somewhat less familiar. Fascinated by their chromophoric features and adaptable platform, our group is interested in the identification of fluorescent bioactive molecules and in the development of new photoinduced synthetic methods using coumarins and quinolinones as photocatalysts. This account provides an overview of our recent progress in the discovery and application of light-absorbing coumarin and quinolinone derivatives in photochemistry and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myojeong Kim
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghyeok Hong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwook Jeong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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Rasu L, Amiri M, Bergens SH. Carbazole-Cyanobenzene Dyes Electrografted to Carbon or Indium-Doped Tin Oxide Supports for Visible Light-Driven Photoanodes and Olefin Isomerizations. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:17745-17752. [PMID: 33826282 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The organic carbazole-cyanobenzene push-pull dye 1,2,3,5-tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)-4,6-dicyanobenzene was derivatized and attached to carbon or indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) electrodes by simple diazonium electrografting. The surface-bound dye is active and stable for the visible light photosynthetic isomerization of a wide range of functionalized stilbene and cinnamic acid derivatives. Up to 87,000 net turnovers were obtained for the isomerization of trans-stilbene. The isomerizations can be carried out in air with a 33% reduction in the rate. The ITO photoelectrodes are also active and stable toward photo-oxidations under basic and acidic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loorthuraja Rasu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Mona Amiri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Steven H Bergens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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Liu Y, Xiang Z. Fully Conjugated Covalent Organic Polymer with Carbon-Encapsulated Ni 2P for Highly Sustained Photocatalytic H 2 Production from Seawater. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:41313-41320. [PMID: 31613082 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b13540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Organic photocatalysts are widely used to mimic artificial photosynthesis for sustainable solar-driven hydrogen production from water splitting. However, few photocatalytic H2 production is reported using seawater, which is a significantly important parameter for practical application, and most organic photocatalysts employed precious and scarce Pt as a cocatalyst. Herein, we report an organic hybridized photocatalyst (termed COP-TF@CNi2P), carbon-encapsulated nickel phosphide, as a cocatalyst loaded on a fully conjugated organic polymer, which is applied for stable and efficient H2 generation from seawater splitting. Both experiments and theory calculations suggest that the carbon layers covered around nickel phosphide not only can strengthen π-π interactions with the polymers but also can attract the photoinduced electrons from COP-TF to the surface of CNi2P, which contributes to expedite exciton dissociation. As a result, the as-synthesized COP-TF@CNi2P achieves a remarkable photocatalytic H2 production efficiency up to 2500 μmol g-1 h-1 (λ ≥ 400 nm) from seawater and even maintains 92% of initial efficiency after 16 intermittent cycles, which lasts for half a month.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , P. R. China
| | - Zhonghua Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , P. R. China
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Liu Y, Liao Z, Ma X, Xiang Z. Ultrastable and Efficient Visible-Light-Driven Hydrogen Production Based on Donor-Acceptor Copolymerized Covalent Organic Polymer. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:30698-30705. [PMID: 30125498 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b10022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Developing stable and efficient photocatalysts for H2 production under visible light is still a big challenge. In this work, a novel covalent organic polymer (COP)-based photocatalyst with trace ending groups was prepared by the efficient irreversible kinetic coupling reaction, i.e., nickel(0)-catalyzed Yamamoto-type Ullmann cross-coupling, using pyrene as electron donor and countpart, e.g., phenanthrolene, benzene, pyrazine, as electron acceptor. The newly developed optimal photocatalyst (termed as COP-TP3:1) has a 14-fold improvement in the H2 evolution rate from 3 to 42 μmol h-1 under visible light compared with the sample without donor-acceptor structure. Moreover, COP-TP3:1 also performs excellent photocatalytic activity under different water quality (deionized water, municipal water, commercial mineral water, and simulated seawater (NaCl 3 wt %)). Significantly, ignored decrease in H2 evolution can be observed after 20 hours cycling H2 production, and the performance is only reduced by about 7% even after discontinuous cycles of photocatalysis and storage for a month. The donor-acceptor units with trace ending groups contribute to suppress electron-holes recombination kinetics and the N coordination sites in electron-acceptors conduce to anchor Pt (as the cocatalyst) onto the surface of photocatalyst, both of which are conducive to the outstanding photocatalytic activity and stability. Accordingly, this work can provide guidance to design a stable and efficient photocatalyst by copolymerization for visible-light-driven H2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, College of Energy , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , P. R. China
| | - Zhijian Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, College of Energy , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , P. R. China
| | - Xiangliang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, College of Energy , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , P. R. China
| | - Zhonghua Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, College of Energy , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , P. R. China
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