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Zhang P, Sun M, Zhou C, He CS, Liu Y, Zhang H, Xiong Z, Liu W, Zhou P, Lai B. Origins of Selective Oxidation in Carbon-Based Nonradical Oxidation Processes toward Organic Pollutants: Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSARs). Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:4781-4791. [PMID: 38410972 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Metal-free carbon material-mediated nonradical oxidation processes (C-NOPs) have emerged as a research hotspot due to their excellent performance in selectively eliminating organic pollutants in aqueous environments. However, the selective oxidation mechanisms of C-NOPs remain obscure due to the diversity of organic pollutants and nonradical active species. Herein, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models were employed to unveil the origins of C-NOP selectivity toward organic pollutants in different oxidant systems. QSAR analysis based on adsorption and oxidation descriptors revealed that C-NOP selectivity depends on the oxidation potentials of organic pollutants rather than on adsorption interactions. However, the dominance of electronic effects in selective oxidation decreases with increasing structural complexity of organic pollutants. Moreover, the oxidation threshold solely depends on the inherent electronic nature of organic pollutants and not on the reactivity of nonradical active species. Notably, the accuracy of substituent descriptors (Hammett constants) and theoretical descriptors (e.g., highest occupied molecular orbital energy, ionization potential, and single-electron oxidation potential) is significantly influenced by the complexity and molecular state of organic pollutants. Overall, the study findings reveal the origins of organic pollutant-oriented selective oxidation and provide insight into the application of descriptors in QSAR analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Minglu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Chenying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Chuan-Shu He
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhaokun Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Wen Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Bo Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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